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| the theory that we organize and interpret experience by applying cognitive structures |
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| A knowledge structure that defines the best or most representative example of some category. |
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| Mental yardsticks that allow us to position people and situations along bipolar dimensions of judgment. |
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| Predictive generalizations about people and situations |
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| Guides to action based on what we’ve experienced and observed/ Consists of a sequence of activities that define what we and others are expected to do in specific situations). |
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| One acts in ways consistent with how one has learned to perceive oneself. |
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| Subjective process of explaining perceptions to assign meaning to them. |
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| Can distort our perceptions, leading us to take excessive credit for what we do well and to abdicate responsibility for what we do poorly. |
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| Attributions are explanations of why things happen and why people act as they do. |
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| nsists of beliefs, values, understandings, practices, and ways of interpreting experience that are shared by a number of people. |
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| Claims that a culture includes a number of social communities that have different degrees of social status and privilege. |
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| Tanisha did well on her communication exam and attributed her performance to her being smart. She didn’t do as well as she had hoped on her psychology exam. She blamed her poor psychology exam score on her professor’s notes and refusal to give study guides. Which of the following is true about Tanisha’s attributions? |
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| She exhibited a self-serving bias in her attributions about her performance on both exams |
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| guide how partners communicate and interpret each others communication. |
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| Friendships and romances are affected by neighborhoods, social circles, family units, and society as a whole |
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| We feel a push-pull with another to be separate and our “own person” as well as to be together |
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| We appreciate security and predictability yet don’t want too much routine |
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| We want to share things but still want to maintain our privacy |
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| Compromise- both needs met but neither fully satisfied |
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| Favors one dialectic need and ignores the other |
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| Each need is assigned to certain issues |
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| Needs are re-assessed so that they don’t seem opposite |
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| moving towards relationship |
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| the ongoing process of communicating to sustain intimacy over time and in the face of changes in oneself, ones partner, the relationship, and surrounding |
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| relationships decline through a series of processes, each of which is complex and dynamic. |
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| 2. Jerry doesn’t understand why an attractive, smart, and funny person like Jenny has chosen to be in a romantic relationship with him. He continually questions is worth and whether Jenny will leave him for someone better. What love style is Jerry practicing? |
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| Certain communication behaviors that leaders perform |
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| Leadership style depends on the knowledge, skills, and maturity of other group members. |
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| The equilibrium problem for group leaders is |
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| To balance task and relational functions |
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| from specific examples to general conclusions |
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| from general claim that is widely accepted to |
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| The expertise and trustworthiness recognized by listeners before a presentation beings. |
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| The expertise and trustworthiness that listeners confer on speakers as a result of how speakers communicate during presentations. |
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| Creditability of a speaker at the end of a presentation. |
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| State your qualifications, show listeners you care about the, appeal to listeners’ emotion reason carefully and avoid fallacies, use ethical supporting material |
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| Persuasive inoculation “immunizes” listeners in advance against opposing ideas and arguments they may encounter in the future. |
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| Recognizing and enlarging commonalities between communicators. |
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| Adapted to specific listeners’ knowledge, attitudes, motives, experiences, values, and expectations. |
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| Post Hoc/Ergo propter hoc |
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| Mistakenly thinking the first thing called the second. |
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| Argues that because most people believe or act in a particular way, you should too |
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| Once we take the first step, more and more steps inevitably will follow until some unacceptable consequence results. |
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| Broad claim based on too-limited evidence. |
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| Speakers who try to deflect listeners from relevant issues |
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| Only two options, when realistically there are more. |
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| Reliance on the Halo Effect |
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| When we generalize a person’s authority or expertise in a particular area to other areas that are irrelevant to the person’s experience or knowledge. |
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| 1. Andrea is persuading her audience that violence in video games leads to more violent behavior among children. She uses statistical examples that show an increase in juvenile arrests around the same time “first person shooter” video games (in which the player shoots enemies) became popular. However, Andrea can only prove that these two things happened at around the same time, not that one caused the other. Which type of fallacious reasoning has Andrea committed? |
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| Post hoc, ergo propter hoc |
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