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| all means by which information is transmitted between a sender and a receiver |
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| the coding of meaning into a system of symbols that are recognized by members of a community |
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| awareness of sound, the ability to distinguish among sounds, the ability to to process sounds that happen at a rapid rate |
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| the way sounds or words are produced |
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| a factor(s) that block the conduction of sound into and through the hearing mechanism |
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| Sensorineural Hearing Loss |
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| a hearing loss caused by disease of the inner ear or the neural transmission of sound |
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| controls movement and motor skills; higher level of thinking |
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| located in the frontal lobe, makes speech movements |
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| hearing, auditory process of speech |
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tongue: change shape of tougue
larynx: abducts and adducts vocal folds |
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tongue: moves tongue
larynx: moves it up and down |
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| relating to sound or hearing |
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| the scientific study of sound |
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| how many times a second the soundwave moves |
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| if a person speaks louder, the molecules will move farther. Alexander G. Bell. loudness of a sound |
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| a large muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen. It moves to make up breathe along with the rib cage |
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| the inhalation of fluids or other matter in the airway. The Larynx guards against this |
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| its ring shaped and sits at the bottom of the larynx |
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shield shaped, it sits above the cricoid cartilage and forms the anterior wall of the larynx.
An adams apple is pronounced thyroid cartilage |
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| base where vocal folds rest |
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| vibrate to make sounds in speech. open during inhalation |
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| when vocal folds are brought together in adduction, the outgoing air builds up beneath the vocal folds together at the midline and are blown apart |
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| soft palate, closes cavity when eating or drinking. note: the epiglottus is a second defense, which closes before the lungs |
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| if you can't move your velum fast enough, you get nasally speech |
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| excessive adnoid and tonsil tissue make the voice not nasally at all |
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| the first area of the vocal tract through which the sound waves travel. It lies immediately above the larynx |
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| how you study the pharynx and larynx |
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| bony hard plate and muscular soft palate make up the roof of the mouth-the palate |
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| portion of palete right behind the front teeth |
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| stop air flow, small explosion. /b/ /d/ /g/ are voiced, /p/ /t/ /k/ are voiceless |
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| short pop, sound goes on forever. /v/ /x^o/ /z/ /3/. voiceless are /f/ and 0-=th |
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| stop air flow let something out but there is friction. /d3/ is voiced, /tS/ voiceless |
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| sound glides out. /l/ /r/ |
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| /w/ /J/=y. area is small at first, then it gets bigger |
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| sound goes out through nose |
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| get information from the outside world, put into the brain. tongue placement for this is very important |
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| use these to make speech movements |
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| carries info between the cerebral hemispheres |
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| recieves and processes all types of information that is relayed between areas of the brain |
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| supports motor movements of speech, located in the frontal lobe |
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| 31 pairs of nerves that enter or exit spinal chord. we need them for speech because they help control respiration |
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| a way to represent the transmission of sound is to graph the moment to moment position of the sound source |
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| also called a sine wave, a vibration only at one frequency |
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| sounds at different frequencies |
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| a display of speech sounds in terms of the intensity of their energy at various frequencies |
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| when disturbed molecules bunch together |
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| molecules spread apart as they return to their original location |
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