Term
| critical/cultural research |
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Definition
| reject objectivity; human beings cannot distance themselves from their social world; only by immersing themselves in the environment can you understand it |
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Term
| social scientific research |
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Definition
| model research on natural sciences; maintain objectivity |
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Term
| Healey's theory of snap judgements |
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Definition
| initial observation of people and things; necessary because we live in a complex social world and we don't have time to ruminate about the finer points of everything; categorization |
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Term
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Definition
| our attention is drawn to the characteristics that have come to identify the dividing line between groups; when our generalizations are overly simplistic and we ignore contradicting evidence; belief that the few traits we stress are the most important |
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Term
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Definition
| addresses the people who engage, consume, or interact with the mediated message |
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Definition
| emphasizes the mediated messages themselves |
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Term
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Definition
| involves anything having to do with the creation and distribution of mediated messages |
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Term
| audience, content, production |
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Definition
| similar to sender, message, channel, receiver model; referred to as production, text, reception under critical/cultural scholars |
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Term
| symbolic annihilation- Tuchman |
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Definition
| media content offers a form of symbolic representation of society rather than a literal portrayal; to be represented in the media is in itself a form of power; diminished roles |
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Term
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Definition
| social group membership is not singular; product of combined experiences and identities, rooted in a variety of socially constructed classifications |
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Term
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Definition
| deeply held believes about the nature of the world and the way it aught to be; the dominant is generally accepted |
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Term
| 5 standards of media literacy (1) |
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Definition
| knowledge and understanding of the ways people use media in their personal and public lives |
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Term
| 5 standards of media literacy (2) |
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Definition
| knowledge and understanding of the complex relationships among audience and media content |
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Term
| 5 standards of media literacy (3) |
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Definition
| knowledge and understanding that media content is produced within social and cultural contexts |
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Term
| 5 standards of media literacy (4) |
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Definition
| knowledge and understanding of the commercial nature of media |
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Term
| 5 standards of media literacy (5) |
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Definition
| ability to use media to communicate to specific audiences |
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Term
| Hamilton and Trolier- stereotypes |
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Definition
| a cognitive structure that contains the perceiver’s knowledge, beliefs, and expectations about some human group |
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Term
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Definition
| a way to help simplify a complex social environment by quickly and efficiently processing incoming stimuli based on the presence of only a few characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| alters our interpretations of things towards what fits our schema |
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Term
| ultimate attribution error theory- Pettigrew |
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Definition
| certain expectations of behaviors in groups; based on ingroups and outgroups; when we see a person doing something, we make an inference about why the person behaved that way |
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Term
| cognitive accessibility theory |
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Definition
| mental shortcuts to make social judgments; schemas; judgements based upon repeated exposure to that stereotype |
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Term
| spreading activation theory |
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Definition
| stereotypes form an associated network of related ideas linked in memory and activating one idea spreads to other linked notions |
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Term
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Definition
| individuals who watch more television begin to construct a view of the world that is much more like the one they see on television rather than in the real world |
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Term
| body image and satisfaction (Hutchinson) |
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Definition
| perpetuated by the media; functions by cultivation analysis; distorted reality |
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Term
| self image (Festinger. Kalodner, and Brim) |
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Definition
| formed by social comparison; we eventually come to see ourselves partly in terms of how we think others see us |
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Term
| Lipman- pictures in our head |
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Definition
| made up of our mass mediated experiences through popular culture or the media; found in our expectations, rather than our actual, direct experience of the world itself |
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Term
| cultural studies scholars |
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Definition
| interested in understanding how people make sense of media and how media expereicnes affect everyday life |
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Term
| cultural studies assumptions |
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Definition
| media and popular culture experiences are important socialization practices that bothe negatively and positively inlfuecne how we construct a sense of self and others |
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Term
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Definition
| social process influenced by a variety of contextual conditions; occurs when audiences interpret media images, sounds, and forms |
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Term
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Definition
| allows us to understand how the construction of meaning depends on a variety of social relations, practices, and situations; done through observation, participation, and interviewing |
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Term
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Definition
| how we understand and enact a sense of self and other |
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Term
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Definition
| communicated and practiced rather than predetermined by race, gender, class, age, sexuality, ability and ethnicity |
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Term
| Lusting and Koester's cultural identity |
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Definition
| one’s sense of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group; pivotal to human experience and understanding |
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Term
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Definition
| something we get from the knowledge that we belong to a particular social group, combined with the value and emotional significance attached to being part of that group |
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Term
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Definition
| examines the audience or reader of a media text to uncover how people make sense of the text; supports the notion of a polysemic or open media text |
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Definition
| the person who creates the text |
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Term
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Definition
| the person who reads the text |
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Term
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Definition
| texts that can generate multiple meanings |
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Term
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Definition
| male gender is the cultural norm in our society, therefore, the female is characterized as being non normative, or other, in comparison |
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Term
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Definition
| assigned to either males or females; gender labels are based on how individuals function within their respective roles |
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Term
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Definition
| an intergroup phenomenon because they are thought to belong to another group, that is, as group members and not as individuals |
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Term
| 4 main relevancies of racism |
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Definition
| categorization, stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination |
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Term
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Definition
| assumes the struggle for equal rights doesn’t matter for the individual |
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Term
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Definition
| assumes that minorities struggles for equality are a thing of the past because some minorities enjoy full and equal opportunities, and those who haven’t made it have failed due to their own laziness or inability |
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Term
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Definition
| assumes that discrimination no longer exists and minorities are seen as making unfair demands and using unfair tactics to get into places where they are not wanted |
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