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Comm 2400 CU BOULDER FINAL
Comm 2400 CU BOULDER FINAL
53
Communication
Undergraduate 2
05/04/2010

Additional Communication Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Everyday stories
Definition
a discursive practice. audiences must jointly produce them. (written stories don't require this type of cooperation)
Term
TWO DEGREES OF JOINT STORYTELLING
Definition
1. recipient acknowledges/ supports the telling
2. recipient conarrates
Term
Labov&Valetsky: an everyday story is a narrative IF:
Definition
1. it tells of a past event which the teller experienced
2. the event is newsworthy (interesting)
3. the event is evaluated in the telling
Term
MODEL OF NARRATIVE SEQUENCE IN INTERACTION LABOV
Definition
1. Abstract (what is it about?)
2. Orientation (who, what, where, when?)
3. Complicating action (and then what happened?
4. Evaluation: so what? why do we care?
5. Result/resolution: what finally happened?
Term
WHY IS ROYAL WITH CHEESE A NARRATIVE?
Definition
1. The event is evaluated in the telling.
2. The event is newsworthy.
Term
Why People tell stories:
Definition
1. general function: to make sense of past events
2. reality is unintelligible perception (communication device to render it intelligible)
3. basis theoretical assumption: temporal sequence. (something happens..and then " " and then " "
Term
persuasion
Definition
(argument-making stories that often leave a strong impression on listeners, their persuasive power is greater than other types of evidence
Term
performing particular speech acts
Definition
a particular function of a story that is either:
a cautionary tale: preforms the speech act of warning
or an indirect way of performing face threatening acts (criticizing with stories among the Apache)
Term
self-presentation
Definition
a particular function of story that highlights particular types of personal or master IDs
Term
relational work
Definition
a function of story that altercasts the recipient of the story as a worthy recipient or confidante
*co-narration signals closeness
Term
self-positioning in ongoing conflict
Definition
a function of story that tells which side you're on in a conflict/debate
*the recipient can use the occasion to take sides
Term
expressing morally questionable or devalued viewpoints
Definition
an function of story that conveys views that would cast doubt in the teller's morality or sanity
Term
cultural variation
Definition
members of different speech communities tend to tell different stories about different things (MIDDLE CLASS AMS. CAREER STORIES)
style of narration varies by (gender, temporal organization, topical style, etc)
Term
Vakidoot
Definition
one-sided academic only interested in work (Dutch)
Term
palanca
Definition
Colombian narrative stories about what others did for them/what they did for others
Term
communicative challenges
Definition
1. we often don't understand what went wrong with our interactions with others
2. we struggle when we try to achieve multiple comm goals
3. these dilemmas affect IDs we are trying to preform
Term
SIGNIFICANCE OF IDs
Definition
allow us to be someone

individuals, GROUPS and Organizations have to manage IDS
Term
"Men dominate women is not a question"
Definition
Tannen. But her goal is not to point to domination
Term
some discursive devices are available only to men, others only to women
Definition
Tannen
Term
Powerful men: interruption, volubility, and topic raising
Powerless women: indirectness, taciturnity, silence, tag questions
Definition
Prior to Tannen, these were believed to be qualities of sexes
Term
the same linguistic means can be used for different, even opposite, purposes can have different, even opposite, effects in different contexts
Definition
said TANNEN
Term
all discrusive resources found by researchers function as evidence of gender domination are polysemous (have more than one meaning)
Definition
SAID TANNEN!
Term
Human interaction is a joint production-anything that comes out of it has been achieved by all participants involved
Definition
SAID TANNEN
Term
Gender differences in discourse can be approached as cultural differences- cross cultural research can be used to enrich the way we think about power and solidarity in inter-gender relationships
Definition
SAID TANNEN
Term
less physical alignment/ small amount of talk, large amount of topics
Definition
Tannen said boy are equally engaged despite conversational differences from females
Term
conversational coherence
Definition
a result of physical alignment and topical cohesion, said TANNEN
Term
Tannen study male alignment and gaze with age
Definition
2nd, 6th grade: diffuse physical alignment
10th grade: aligned at angle, gazes rarely met
Term
male vs female talk according to Tannen
Definition
males: little talk, more topics (6th, 2nd grade), more talk, fewer topics (10th grade)
females: more talk, fewer topics, all ages
Term
congruence TANNEN
Definition
10th grade boy: parallel topics/concerns, parallel posture
6th and 10th grade girls: one topic/concern, facing eachother
Term
dominance must be replaced with difference. no direct correlation between a linguistic strategy and a particular meaning (I.E. female ID)
Definition
TANNEN
Term
claims to have a priori knowledge about what people mean when they speak
Definition
TANNEN
Term
gendered worldviews result in misunderstandings (males and females are "culturally different")
Definition
TANNEN
Term
Men and women suffer from ongoing positional conflicts on a moment-by-moment basis
Definition
CAMERON
Term
inferencing
Definition
making sense of discourse in the moment, instead of explaining communicative conduct through gender difference
Term
not real relativity. meaning of these strategies are fixed from the perspective of the two gender groups WOMAN: inquiry
MAN: hint directive
Definition
CAMERON's view on coat incident
Term
the woman and man chose from among available linguistic strategies and used them for gender specific purposes (ie to express concern with affiliation/status)
Definition
TANNEN'S view on coat incident
Term
one strategy can have a number of meanings
Definition
TANNEN
Term
If___________is right one strategy will always mean different things to different gender groups, according to ____________.
Definition
TANNEN, CAMERON.
Term
Ketchup incident works because participants agree on role of mother (woman) and father (man)
Definition
SAID CAMERON
Term
CULTURAL APPROACH MALE VS FEMALE
Definition
men and women have different world views, said TANNEN
Term
RHETORICAL Aprroach male vs. female
Definition
different world views shape how men and women use/make sense of particular linguistic strategies (when world views don't overlap, misunderstandings occur)/ men and women are from different cultural backgrounds.
Term
if men speak like men and women speak like women there won't be any conflict
Definition
CAMERON
Term
the term "gay" means gender deviance, not sexual deviance
Definition
CAMERON
Term
frequent alignment shifts, frequent shifts in body position, frequent movement of mobile portions of face
Definition
Anglo hearer/speaker body movement (PHILIPS READING)
Term
Speaker: communicates verbally and non-verbally, punctuation of rhythm and emphasis, spends less time looking at listeners: looking away from listener can signal end of turn
Definition
Speakers in Warm Springs Indian community (PHILIPS READING)
Term
communicates non-verbally
restricted talk-related body movement
spends more time looking at speaker
Definition
Hearer in Warm Springs Indian Community (Philips Reading)
Term
interactional synchrony in spite of differences-> visible coordination between speaker's speech and body, and between speaker and listener
Definition
general observations of Warm Springs Indians (Philips reading)
Term
non-verbal structuring of audiences vs. unaddressed recipients
Definition
direction of head/body, gaze
(Philips reading)
Term
verbal structuring of audiences
Definition
addressing turns to particular speakers,
MCDs(differentiating addressed audiences through content,
identification by name
(Philips reading)
Term
how hearer structures audiences
Definition
addressed recipients: gaze, heightened facial movement, synchronizing bodily movement with that of speaker
ADDRESSED HEARER CAN IMMEDIATELY SHAPE THE SPEAKERS CONDUCT THROUGH DISATTENDING
Term
convo locally managed and talk makes sense in relation to immediate interaction context (tieing occurs between turns within close range) question gets answer describes ______ conversations
Definition
ANGLO
Term
tolerance for silence, less differentiation between speaker and hearer, less body alignment shift, shorter direct gaze, less facial movement (except around eyes), general address, speaker regulated turn lengths, less tieing describes __________________ conversations
Definition
Warm Springs Indian
Term
"If you hear about an event you're invited" Warm Springs or Anglo concept
Definition
Warm Springs Indian
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