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| Form of any communication that can affect attitudes or behaviors |
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Definition
- Derivitives
- Persuasion
- Compliance-seeking behaviors
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| Straight forward statements or requests |
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| Communication using evidence and reasoning |
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| Topics that can be argued; change is possible |
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| to achieve a specific goal through speaking |
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| shared understanding of who we are to one another |
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| confirming or rejecting eachother's self-presentations |
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| Need to remain independent and free |
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| becoming defensive or resistant when aware someone is trying to change you |
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| being competent to everyone, not just yourself |
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| Acting to maximize reward and minimize punishment |
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| People are more positive to others and things if experienced while eating. |
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| Acts of social approval or dissapproval |
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| Learning that involves anticipation and imagination |
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| Learning by watching others |
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| rewarding yourself when you meet a goal |
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| choosing the more rewarding relationship |
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actions and objects that carry relational meaning.
EX: gifts and favors |
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| cognitive dissonance theory |
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Definition
| cognitions can be consistent, inconsistent, or irrelevant. |
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Definition
| realization that we all hold dissonany congnitions and becoming uncomfortable |
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| Rationalizing one's decision |
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| Redefining decisions so they are no longer inconsistent. |
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| focusing on larger issues |
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| Less likely of backing out |
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| Most powerful commitments |
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Definition
- Public
- effortful
- voluntary
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| start off with small request, then proceed to larger favors |
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| to have your identity validated |
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| The source (boss, governor etc.) that has control over the "rewards" |
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| person who can inspire fear to get results |
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| Person who has a special skill or extensive knowledge |
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| Representative of social institutions |
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| appearing to like someone and seeming pleasant/friendly |
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Definition
Want to appear dangerous
(we usually give in to violent people) |
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| Brag about one's experience/training |
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| Personifying values 'they' admire, making others have admiration or feel guilt for not holding same view |
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| seeming helpless so others will protect you |
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| Cognitive Response Theory |
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Definition
| During Persuasion; recievers generate thoughts about the messages they hear. |
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| Compliance-Seeking Research |
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Definition
| Asking nicely for what you want and getting it |
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| "Beating around the Bush" not getting right to the point and vaugely asking for what you want |
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| where both parties get something out of the deal |
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| doing nice for someone before you ask a favor so they feel obligated to reciprocate |
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| convincing someone that a "good" person would do what you are asking |
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| distributive communication |
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Definition
| attacking one's partner verbally |
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Definition
Using punishment or negative reinforcement to get one's way
EX: whining, sulking, crying, etc. |
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| Leaving and refusing to communicate |
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| Scaring someone into doing what you ask |
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| NOT standing up for yourself |
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| Being Hostile and offensive to get what you want |
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| Standing up for your rights |
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| A network of people bondend by marriage, Blood, and Commitment |
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| Split responsibilities throughout household |
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Definition
| Various working orders developed by the entire family |
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| Services it provides for family members and society at large |
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Definition
| How the family adapts to the developmental changes and personal needs of its members |
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Definition
| Lines of authority are hierarchially arranged |
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| Person-Oriented Structure |
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Definition
| rely on communication as a means of influence. (do as one says) |
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| Boundaries of a Sub-System |
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Definition
| consists of rules defining who participates and how |
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| Encourages family members to experience a wide variety of social life then share with rest of family |
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Doesn't like "outside" world or influences.
"Family that plays together stays together" |
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| Unpredictable family traits. Do as they all please |
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| Sacrifices the independence of its members to keep the 'togetherness' |
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| promotes independence at the risk of not developing a sense of family loyalty |
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Definition
Certain years you progress in family-ness
(when to get married, have kids, retire, etc.) |
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Definition
| Stages of grief from a divorce/separation |
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| Everything of social life was based around the family |
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| Less formal, less hierarchial, more tender |
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| Lovers seen as "friends" and children/parents viewed as "pals" |
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| Attitudes, beliefs, and outlooks shared by the whole family |
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| When family themes are prominent and the family unity is together |
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| Highly interdependent. Share same views on marriage, family, and life. Argue regularly. |
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| More independent; spouses give eachother more room, aren't as expressive and don't feel as strongly about their views. |
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Definition
| Suscribe to more nonconventional values and views about relaitonships |
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| Separate/Traditional Couples |
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Definition
| Don't tell eachother much personal info, but each still pick up on items and score high when quized on eachother |
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| Praising, approving, encouraging, and showing affection |
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Definition
- Power assertion
- Love Withdrawal
- Induction
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Definition
Parents use of 'bullying'
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Definition
| Involves threatening negative consquences and with holding affection |
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| Strategy of reasoning with a child about their behavior to try to make them understand why they should folow the rules |
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Definition
| Watching TV with child and discussing what they saw or are about to watch |
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| Trying to help the emotional state of a person in a positive manor. |
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Definition
| by what we judge a relationship to be more or less intimate |
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Term
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Definition
| unique bond developed by two people; viewed by both parties as relatively affectionate, intrinsically rewarding, and irreplaceable |
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Definition
| Closer people are the more likly they will communicate with eachother |
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Definition
| People working together on something that neither could do alone. |
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| Being in a situation viewed as intimate produces intimate feelings. |
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| Situational factor that influences movement toward intimacy; most common in our culture |
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Definition
| interact with a person on a cultural or sociological level |
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Definition
| When and how we use the verbal and nonverbal cues of others to determine their attractiveness as a relational partner. |
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Definition
| People must have an opportunity to observe eachother |
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Definition
| Begining to scrutinize his/her behavior from afar once you know you are to meet them again |
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Definition
Topics of convo., smoothness of turn-talking, eye contact, etc.
over time sociological and pre-interaction cues will become a basis for attraction |
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Definition
Form impressions of the other's attitudes, beliefs, and personality.
Attraction is more likely to be based on assessments of htese characteristics |
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Definition
| Initially the most important basis for attraction. |
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Definition
| Wanting to get to know someone because you view them as your equal in terms of physical attractiveness |
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Definition
| Being attracted to someone who shares the same interests as you and share same personality traits. |
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Definition
| when we know a person likes us first we tend to like them back |
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Definition
| the degree to which one person's needs match eachothers |
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Definition
| How strongly we desire to be in the presence of other people. |
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Definition
| desire to control the behavior of others or have others controlour behavior |
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Definition
| The amount one needs to feel close to someone or for someone to express closeness to them. |
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Term
| 6 Stages of friendship progression |
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Definition
- Role-Limited interactions
- Friendly relations
- Move toward friendship
- beging friendship
- stabalize friendship
- waning friendship
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Definition
| To not force a relationship too soon |
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Definition
| To be enjoyed in time being; does not intend future friendship |
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Definition
| being "obligated" yet still voluntary nature of becoming friends |
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| When friendship is 'crystalized'. |
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| Developing trust with other person |
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| any behavior that increases one person's vulnerability to another |
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| a response that protects the vulnerabilty of the other |
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Definition
| Because of neglect, a friendship beings to deminish |
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Definition
| Greetings and other types of contact required by the situation |
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Definition
| useing standard formulas of interaction to engage in small talk |
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| Affinity-seeking strategies |
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Definition
| showing one's self off to their best advantage. |
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Definition
| showing signals to a new intensity to their interactions |
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| Jokingly reffering to the relationship in more serious terms and flirting. |
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| To not contact the other to see if they make contact or seems to have missed us. |
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Definition
| increase the costs associated with the relationship to see if the other is willing to remain |
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| Going out with others to test for jealousy |
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Definition
| Romantic couples being to organize their everyday lives around each other. |
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Definition
| Institutionalizes the relationship; Once two people's lives have become intertwined |
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Definition
| Serious discussion about each partners level of commitment |
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| Expressive-Protective Dialectic |
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Definition
| once two people learn to trust each other, they share postive and negative personal information. |
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| Autonomy-Togetherness Dialectic |
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Definition
| friends must not assume that the other will automatically participate in a given activity. |
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| Novelty-preductability dialectic |
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Definition
| overtime the relationship takes on a life of its own and partners become predictable to each other. |
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Definition
| tension between accepting traditional gender definitions and finding new ways of being masculine or feminine |
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| greater presumed agreement than actually exists. |
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| greater presumed disagreement |
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| Relational Maintenance behaviors |
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Definition
| Mundance everyday routines we use to shape the relationship |
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Definition
| Communicate frequently and have developed a pattern of listening carefull and reinforcing each others right to disagree |
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| Argue frequently; value honesty and independent thinking |
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Definition
| strong relationship based on similarities while minimizing their differences |
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Definition
| fight frequently and their conversations are filled with sarcasm, insults, and overall contempt for one another. |
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Definition
| not as verbaly abusive, but experience emotional distance in their interactions. |
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Definition
| attacking the others personality in a broad manner |
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| The intention to insult and psychologically abuse your partner |
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Definition
| To defend one's self when under attack |
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Definition
At least one partner engaging in silence (the cold shoulder), emotional distance, and ignoring the relationship as a whole.
To be unresponsive |
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Definition
Use of head nods or brief vocalizations (uh huh, ok, or yeah).
Seeming to listen |
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| Theory that intimacy, or psychological closeness is how we should measure all of our relationships |
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| occurs when goals are blocked, such as two people being incompatible |
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Definition
When everything (except the kitchen-sink) is 'thrown' in an argument.
Metaphorically ^^ |
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Definition
| Failing to confront problems as they appear. |
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Definition
Labeling.
EX: Ofcourse you're inconsiderate, all New Yorkers are.
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| Breaking a conflict up into small, easily managed units. |
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| One recieving negative feedback, don't get angry, ask for tips and ways to improve |
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| Deference (respect) mechanism |
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| avoidance rituals and presentational rituals |
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| Cultural norms for personal space |
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Definition
| salutations, compliments, provision of minor services, and invitations |
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| Discretion, sincerity, modesty, sportsmanship, poise under pressure, etc. |
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| To try on new roles, to be someone you've never been before. |
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| places beyond the home and the workplace |
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Definition
| a system of shared meanings and beliefs expressed through symbolic forms (rituals, myths, stories) |
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| Organizational Vocabulary |
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Definition
| Understaning metaphores and the various ways of speaking |
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| metaphorically referring to the path a rumor or story spreads |
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Definition
| Intelligence, leadership, charisma, sociability, etc. |
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| Theory that leaders should treat all of their subordinates in the same mannor so there are no "favorites" |
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Definition
| The degree to whick group members like one another and want to remain in the same group |
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| Critical thinking is sacrificed in order to promote group agreement |
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| organizations developing information-rich relationships with individual customers and then attemepting to serve that customer across a wide rang of products over many years |
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| Persuasive internal marketing |
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Definition
| The form of thinking that the person who will add the next component to a product to make it 'bigger' is an internal customer |
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Definition
| when two parties whose views are opposites use communication to reach a joint decision |
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Definition
| Wanting to achieve a personal goal even at the expense of a relationship |
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Definition
| backing away from conflict both physically and psychologically |
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Definition
| changing your views to match anothers so you don't jeopardize the relationship |
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Definition
| moderatly care about relationship and try to cut a deal |
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Definition
| realizing people will not always agree and getting past their differences |
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Definition
| When one party objects to a solution because it is too expensive |
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Definition
| reaching a mutually beneficial agreement, or finding a way to pay back the accommodating party. |
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| both sides of party contribute money to the others idea even when it is relatively unimportant to them. |
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Definition
| finding a new option that satifies both parties without either having to compromise |
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Definition
Same as Bridging; used if conflict arises over sharing of resources.
one way to solve the problem is to increase the resource |
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| Each initial solution each side proposes |
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| Underlying needs or concerns for each party |
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| Third-party works with the disputants to help reach an agreement |
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| Third-party listens to each sides arguments and then comes up with a list of nonbinding recomendations |
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Definition
Same concept as Fact-Finding, except recommendations are binding.
Usually a legal agreement |
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