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COMM 1021
Media Studies
47
Communication
Undergraduate 1
04/10/2013

Additional Communication Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Culture
Definition
"What humans produce and the means by which we preserve what we have produced"
Term
Forms of Culture:
Definition
Physical Culture: Artifacts
Social Culture: Practice of daily life
Attitudinal Culture: Customs, laws traditions
Term
Cultural Traits
Definition
Collective: Must be shared
Rhetorical: Result of our shared symbol systems
Historical: It changes, evolves, fades over time
Ideological: Force of interpretation
Term
Ideology
Definition
A system of ideas that unconsciously shapes and contrains both our beliefs and behaviors through: limitation, normalization, privileging and interpellation.
Term
Functions of Ideology
Definition
Limits: promotes certain perspectives while obscuring others.

Normalize: Normalizing certain concepts by limiting the possible interpretations.

Privilege: Normalizing relations of power also confirms that the needs of more powerful groups are more important.

Interpellation:The process by which individuals are turned into ideological subjects.
Term
Ideological Processes
Definition
Myth: A sacred story or "type of speech" that reaffirms and reproduces ideology in relation to an object.

Doxa: represents knowledge (common sense). refers to the constructed aspects of a culture that its members do not really challenge or critically reflect upon.

Hegemony: The process by which one ideology subverts other competing ones and gains cultural dominance.
Term
Cultural Studies
Definition
A wide variety of scholarship concerned with culture, ideology, privilege and oppression
Term
Structure of Feeling
Definition
Is the sum of the subtle and nuanced aspects of a historical culture
Term
5 Motifs of Cultural Studies
Definition
Interdisciplinary
Pragmatic (practical)
Political
Self-reflective
Contingent
Term
American Dream
Definition
Persons success directly related to amount of effort.
Hard work = success
Term
Token
Definition
An exception to a social rule that affirms the connectedness of an ideology
Term
Conspicuous Consumption
Definition
The belief that one can attain the happiness of upper class through purchasing material goods/ services.
Term
Exclusion
Definition
The process by which various cultural groups are symbolically annihilated or "written out of history".
Term
Stereotyping
Definition
The process of constructing misleading and reductionist representations of a minority racial group.
Term
Assimilation
Definition
The process by which media texts represent minority groups in a positive light while stripping them of cultural identities.
Term
Othering
Definition
The process of marginalizing minorities by defining them in relationship to the (white) majority, which is assumed to be the norm.
Term
Difference
Definition
The depiction of subordinate and racialized "others" as a source of pleasure for US American tourist and consumers.
Term
Exoticism
Definition
The ideological circulation and consumption of images of foreign lands that romanticize or mystify other cultures.
Term
Sigmund Freud
Definition
An Austrian Psychiatrist

How media texts reflect human mental drives toward unity, pleasure and desire.
Term
Pleasure Principal
Definition
The uncontrollable human drive to to satisfy desire.
Term
Desire
Definition
An appetite for something that promises enjoyment, satisfaction, ans pleasure in it's attainment.
Term
Reality Principal
Definition
The constant curbing of desire according to possibility, law or social convention. (Keeps Pleasure Principal in check)
Term
Repression
Definition
The process of mentally containing our desires below conscious recognition or expression.
Term
Unconscious
Definition
The part of the mind that acts as a reservoir for desire, and it always attempts to make repressed desires felt again by interjecting them into conscious life.
Term
Lack
Definition
The gap separating imaginary pleasures and lived reality.
Term
The Real
Definition
Beyond signification. It is made up of things in the world that cannot be consciously known or put into words.
Term
The Imaginary
Definition
The stage where the infant feels whole and connected to everything via the bond of the mother.
Term
The Symbolic
Definition
The cultural plane of language, social meanings and relationships.
Term
Phallocentrism
Definition
A social condition where images and representations of the penis carry connotations of power and dominance.
Term
Apparatus Theory
Definition
(earliest psychoanalytical approach to film) Claims the actual environment and machinery of the cinema activates a number of desires within spectators.
Term
Scopophilia
Definition
The pleasure that comes from the process of looking (one of the primary sexual pleasures).
Term
Voyeurism
Definition
The process of experiencing pleasure by watching a desired object or person from a distance (a powerful concept at work in a movie theater).

Distance keeps desire alive.
Term
Fetishism
Definition
The psychic structuring of an object or person as a source of sexual pleasure.
Term
The Male Gaze
Definition
The cinema's frequent positioning of women as objects coded for strong visual and erotic impact.
Term
Fantasy
Definition
A mental representation of conscious or unconscious wish fulfillment.
Term
Feminism
Definition
A political project that explores the diverse ways in which men and women are socially empowered or disempowered. Not anti-male
Term
Sexism
Definition
Discrimination based upon a person's sex.
Term
Sex
Definition
The innate, biological differentiation between men and women: anatomy, reproduction, hormones, etc.
Term
Gender
Definition
The culturally constructed differences between men and women: tastes, roles, activities, etc.
Term
Essentialism
Definition
The belief that cultural distinctions such as masculinity and femininity are inherent, universal, and natural.
Term
Patriarchy
Definition
A system of power relations in which a women's interests are subordinated to those of men.
Term
Stereotype
Definition
A misleading and simplified representation of a particular social group.
Term
Active/Passive
Definition
Being a man- Physical prowess

Being a woman- Passive acceptance and helplessness
Term
Public/ Private
Definition
Men- bread winner (Job: Public)
Women - family nuturer (Home: Private)
Term
Logical/Emotional
Definition
Logic- male trait
Emotion - female trait
Term
Postfeminism
Definition
A conceptual shift within the popular understanding of feminism: an evolution in feminist emphasis from the systematic oppression of all women to the empowerment of individual women.
Term
Consequences of Sexist Media Representation
Definition
Eating disorders- need slender figure
Permissible for women to earn less/ have fewer occupational opportunities.
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