Term
| What are the benefits of public speaking? |
|
Definition
| Improved public speaking abilities (more confident), learn to organize and explain complex concepts, increased personal and social abilities (managing apprehension), enhanced academic and career skills. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plagiarism is using another's ideas without acknowledging that they are the ideas of another. |
|
|
Term
| What are the reasons that plagiarism is wrong? |
|
Definition
- Violation of another's intellectual property
- You are in college to develop your own ideas.
- Evaluations assume your work is your own.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the was that you can deal with apprehension? |
|
Definition
- Reverse the factors that cause apprehension.
- Restructure your thinking.
- Practice performance visualization.
- Desensitize yourself.
|
|
|
Term
| What can you do to listen more effectively? |
|
Definition
- Listen actively
- Listen for total meaning
- Listen with empathy
- Listen with a open mind
- Listen ethically
|
|
|
Term
| What do you evaluate a speech on for a critique? |
|
Definition
- Speaking on a subject that is worthwhile
- A relevant topic insteresint to listeners
- Designing a speech for a specific audience
- A speech construced on sound research.
|
|
|
Term
| What should you do when giving criticism? |
|
Definition
- Stress the positive
- Be specific
- Be objective
- Be constructive
- Focus on behavior (what they did during speech)
- Own your criticism (i-messages)
|
|
|
Term
| How do you respond to criticism? |
|
Definition
- Accept the critic's viewpoint; consider what you haven't seen.
- Lsiten with an open mind.
- separate speech criticism from personal.
- Seek clarification.
- Evaluate the criticism (accept or reject)
|
|
|
Term
| What are the three major speech purposes? |
|
Definition
- To deal with a matter of substance
- A topic appropriate to you and your audience
- A topic that is culturally sensitive.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the methods for limiting your topics? |
|
Definition
- Topoi (system of topics)
- Tree diagrams (sub-parts)
- Search directory
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ask yourself a series of quesions about your general topic; like what? why? where? when? How? and so? |
|
|
Term
| How do you use a tree diagram? |
|
Definition
| Divide your topic into significant parts. Start with the general topic and then take one of these parts and divide it into subparts. |
|
|
Term
| What is a general purpose. |
|
Definition
| Likely chosen for you; usually either informative or persuasive. |
|
|
Term
| What are you trying to do in an informative speech? |
|
Definition
| Seek to create understanding or demonstrate how something works. |
|
|
Term
| What are you trying to do in a persuasive speech? |
|
Definition
| Try to influence attitudes or behaviors. |
|
|
Term
| How do you develop a specific purpose? |
|
Definition
- Use infinitive phrase
- Focus on the audience (relevant)
- Limit your specific purpose to one idea
- Limit your specific purpose to what is resonable
- Use specific terms
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Your central idea; the essence of your speech. It is what you want the audience to get out of the speech. |
|
|
Term
| How does your thesis differ from informative and persuasive speeches? |
|
Definition
- An informative speech states what you want your audience to learn.
- A persuasive speech thesis states what you want your audience to accept.
|
|
|
Term
| What are some of the differences between a specific purpose and your thesis? |
|
Definition
- The specific purpose is worded as an infinitive phrase. The thesis is a declarative sentence.
- They differ in focus; specific purpose is audience-focused, the thesis is message-focused.
|
|
|
Term
| How do you word and use a thesis? |
|
Definition
- Limit your thesis to one idea
- State your thesis as a complete declarative sentence.
- Use your thesis to generate main points.
- Use your thesis to suggest organizational patterns.
- Use your thesis to focus audience attention.
|
|
|
Term
| How do you learn about your audience in advance? |
|
Definition
- Observation (from physical characteristics)
- Collect data systematically (polling sites, questionnaires)
- Interview members of your audience
- Use inference and empathy
|
|
|
Term
| What are the six major sociological demographic variables of audiences? |
|
Definition
- Age
- Gender
- Affectional orientation
- Educational levels
- Religion and religiousness
- Cultural factors.
|
|
|
Term
| What are context factors? |
|
Definition
| Aspects of the specific context in which you speak: number of listeners, enviornment, occasion, time of day. |
|
|
Term
| What are the ways you can analyze your audience psychology? |
|
Definition
- Willingness (get interst earlier, reward to audience, relate directly to audience's wants)
- Favorable (clear up misapprehensions, build on commonalities, build on areas of agreement, strive for small gains)
- Knowledgable (never confuse a lack of knowledge, don't talk down, emphasize own credibility)
|
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of supporting material? |
|
Definition
- Examples, illustrations, narrative
- Analogies
- Definition
- Testimony
- Numerical data
|
|
|
Term
| How do you use presentation aids correctly? |
|
Definition
- Know aids intimately
- Test your aids
- Rehearse with aids incorporated into speech
- Integrate aids into your speech seamlessly
- Don't talk to the aid
- Use aids onlywhen relevant.
|
|
|
Term
| How do you best design slides? |
|
Definition
- Use templates
- Use consistent typeface, size, and colour
- Be brief
- Use only visuals that you need
- Anticipate questions
- Use spell-check
- Anticipate technical issues.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the benefits of organizing your speech? |
|
Definition
- Help your audience understand your speech
- Help your audience remember your speech
- Helps establish your credibility.
|
|
|
Term
| Tips for developing main points? |
|
Definition
- Eliminate points that seem least important
- Combine points that have a common focus
- Focus on points more relevant to audience
- Develop main points separate and discrete points.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the patterns for organizing your points? |
|
Definition
- Topical (topic divided into equal subdivisions)
- Temporal (chronologic)
- Spatial (describe layout)
- Problem-solution
- Cause-effect
- Motivated sequence
|
|
|
Term
| What are the five parts of a motivated sequence? |
|
Definition
- Gain attention
- Demostrate that there is a problem and that a need exists
- Satisfy the need with an anser or solution
- Visualize the need satisfied
- Ask for audience action
|
|
|
Term
| How do you gain the audience's attention? |
|
Definition
- Ask a question
- Refer to recent happenings
- Use an example
- Cite a littlk known fact
- Use humor.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the faults of intros, conclusions, and transitions? |
|
Definition
- Don't apologize
- Avoid promising what you won't deliver
- Don't rely on gimmicks
- Don't preface your introduction
- Avoid ineffective opening lines
- Don't intoduce new material in your conclusion
- Avoid too many or too few transitions
- Avoid long transitions.
|
|
|
Term
| What do you do to add clarity to a speech? |
|
Definition
- Be economical
- Use specific, short, familiar terms
- Use signpost phrases
- Use repetition and restatement
- Avoid cliches
- Distinguish between commonly confused words
- Assess idioms
|
|
|
Term
| How do you inser personal style into a speech? |
|
Definition
- Use personal pronouns
- Use questions
- Create immediacy with the audience.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the powerless forms of speech? |
|
Definition
- Hesitations
- Too many intensifiers
- Disqualifiers
- Tag questions
- Self-critical statements
- Slang
|
|
|
Term
| When should you use pauses? |
|
Definition
- Before beginning a speech
- At transitional points
- at the end of an important assertion
- After asking a rhetorical question
- Before an important idea
- Before asking for questions
- After the last sentence of your conclusion.
|
|
|
Term
| How do you rehearse properly? |
|
Definition
- Rehearse the speech as a whole
- Time the speech
- Rehearsals under similar conditions
- Make any changes between rehearsals.
- Rehearse often.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the tips for using notes? |
|
Definition
- Keep notes to a minimum
- Resist temptation to brign the outline
- Use notes with "open subtley"
- Don't allow your notes to prevent directness.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the principles of informative speaking? |
|
Definition
- Focus on your audience
- Stress relevance and usefulness
- Limit the amount of info
- Adjust the complexity depending ont he audience
- Relate new information to the old
- Vary levels of abstrations.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the types of informative speeches? |
|
Definition
- Description (explaining an object, person, event, or process)
- Definition (subject new or a different way of looking at things)
- Demonstration (showing how to do a process)
|
|
|
Term
| What are the types of persuasive proofs? |
|
Definition
- Logical proof
- Emotional appeals
- Credibility proof
|
|
|
Term
| What are the principles of persuasive speaking? |
|
Definition
- Know your audience and their needs
- Identify with your audience
- Get your audience to respond to a yes quesiton in advance
- Anticipate selective exposure
- Use positive labeling
- Ask for a resonable amount of change
- Provide social proof.
|
|
|
Term
| What are the different types of persuasive speeches? |
|
Definition
- Questions of fact are concerned with what is or is not true. Some are easily answers, but some are not easy and an answer may never be found.
- Questions of value concern what people consider good or bas
- Questions of policy concern what should be done.
|
|
|
