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| Systematic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings |
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| Arbitrary; Agreed-upon conventions |
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| Content and Relationship levels |
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| "Alagory of the Cave"; "The Republic"; Elitist |
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| Studied under Plato; "The Rhetoric"; Created ethos, logos, pathos |
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| Study of knowledge and how we come to know something |
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| Is reality structured and pre-determined or random and chaotic |
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| Human can be categorized and are predictable |
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| Humans are not predictable; Based on environmental causes; Ethnography |
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| Speaking to engage, interest, and amuse |
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| Speaking to increase understanding, awareness, and knowledge |
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| Aims to change listeners' attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors or to motivate them to take some action. |
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| Words or phrases that connect ideas in a speech |
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| Material used to support claims |
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| People well known in one area are quoted outside their field of expertise |
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| Speaking with substantial preparation and practice, but it stops short of memorizing the exact words |
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| Presenting a speech from a complete manuscript; President |
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| When a speaker commits an entire speech to memory and presents without relying on a written text. |
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| Systematic Desensitization |
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| Reducing the tension that surrounds the feared event by relaxing and thereby physiological features of anxiety |
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| A process of revising how people think about speaking situations |
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| Reducing anxiety by guiding apprehensive speakers through imagined positive speaking experiences |
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| A theory that holds that we organize and interpret experience by applying cognitive structures called SCHEMATA |
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| Knowledge structures that define the clearest or most representative examples of some category |
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| A mental yardstick that allows us to measure a person or situation along a bipolar dimension of judgment |
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| A predictive generalization about a person or situation |
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| A sequence of activities that spells out how we and others are expected to act in a specific situation |
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| A subjective process of creating explanations for what we observe and experience |
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| The act of explaining why something happens or why a person acts a particular way |
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| The ability to perceive another as a unique individual |
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| What you define as important in any moment |
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| Our interpretations are often colored by ego |
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| The emotional tone of a relationship between people |
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| Interpersonal Confirmation |
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| The expressed valuing of another person |
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| The expression of awareness of another person's existence |
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| Attentiveness to what a person feels |
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| Accepting a persons' feelings or thoughts as valid |
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| Representations of people, events, and all that goes on around us and in us |
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| Includes symbols that are not words, such as facial expressions, dress, and tone of value |
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| Verbal symbols are not intrinsically connected to what they represent |
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| Something does not have clear-cut, precise meanings |
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| Words are not the concrete or tangible phenomena to which they refer |
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| Objective, concrete phenomena and activities |
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| The meanings of "Brute Facts" based on human interpretation |
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| What a particular communication means or stand for |
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| Our perception when interaction begins and ends; "class starts at 8am" |
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| Responding to a person as if one label totally reps that person |
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| Words that slant perceptions and thus meanings, exceedingly |
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