Term
| Expectancy Violation Theory |
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Definition
| We have expectancies. A violation happens and a cognitive and/or physical arousal will occur followed by a threat. Violation valence or communication reward valence to assert what communicator will do next. |
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Term
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Definition
| Individualism/Collectivism. Power Distance. Uncertainty Avoidance. Masculinity/Femininity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Low Context -> explicit code. High Context -> nonverbal;embedded within the communicators. |
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Term
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Definition
| Subordinate groups are muted by dominant groups. Dominant group shapes the language, thus the perception of society. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to soften FTAs; extends the notion of face. Positive face -> desire to be valued and included (the dog.) Negative Face -> desire to be free from imposition (the cat.) Preventive and Corrective facework. |
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Term
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Definition
| Interaction identity. Can be wrong face or out of face. |
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Term
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Definition
| Includes Face Theory, Hofstede's dimensions, and conflict literature. Positive -> included or competent. Negative -> independent or autonomous. FTA vs saving face. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rewards - costs = outcomes. Satisfaction: comparison level. Stability: comparison level for alternatives. |
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Term
| Social Penetration Theory |
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Definition
| Aspects are visible or hidden, depending on how much the communicator trusts others. Includes frequency, valence, duration, breath, and depth. |
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Term
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Definition
| A location shared by a group experiencing outsider status, within the social structure, that leads a particular kind of sense making to a person's lived experience. A position in which you see the understand the world. |
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Term
| Uncertainty Reduction Theory |
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Definition
| We experience uncertainty because we don't have the ability to predict or explain the other person's behavior. Designed for initial reactions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small group theory. Personal storytelling. Occurs naturally. Stories allow identity negotiation. |
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Term
| Information Sharing Theory |
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Definition
| Shared and unique information. Knowledge must be activated. The model includes knowledge, potential contribution, contribution, activation, and choice. |
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Term
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Definition
| Framing, gatekeepers, priming, triggering event. 3-4 issues on agenda. Media tells the public what to think about. |
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Term
| Cognitive Dissonance Theory |
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Definition
| Inconsistent attitudes -> Feelings of Dissonance -> Unpleasant arousal -> Reduced by a change that removes inconsistency. |
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Term
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Definition
| TV gives a distorted view of life. Heavy viewers watch 4+ hours of television without real purpose. Mean World Syndrome. |
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Term
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Definition
| Critical mass -> 15-20%. Talk -> !) Awareness. 2) Opinion. 3) Practice. 4) Advocacy or Resistance. Innovation of an idea of concept by an innovator -> Change agent communicates idea -> Early adopter tries it -> Talks about it -> Followers; critical mass reached -> starts over. |
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Term
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Definition
| Media has a strong direct effect on its audience. Magic Bullet/Hypodermic Needle Theories |
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Term
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Definition
| Media has a limited effect on its audience. Media + (variable) = effect. Examines what the variable is. |
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Term
| Use and Gratifications Theory |
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Definition
| Media + (our use and gratification from) = effect. Viewers are active and they are aware of their use. Applies only when the viewer seek media. |
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Term
| Media Systems Dependency Theory |
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Definition
| Three factors: larger social system, media's role in that system, and audience's relationship to the media. Dependent of the media for a variety of reasons. Dependent on media that engages the largest amount of senses. |
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Term
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Definition
| People are storytellers. Decisions based of good reasons. History, biography, culture, and character determine good reasons. Rationality is determined by coherence and fidelity. The world is a set of stories from which we choose, and thus constantly recreate our lives |
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Term
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Definition
| People are rational. Decisions are based on arguments. Speaking situation determines the course of the argument. How much we know and how well we argue determines rationality. The world is a set of logical puzzles that we can solve through rational analysis |
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Term
| Elaboration Likelihood Model |
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Definition
| Central, information heavy. Peripheral, based on mental shortcuts. The higher the elaboration, the more persuasive. |
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Term
| Relational Dialectics Theory |
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Definition
| Tension between two opposing notions. Try and find the balance. |
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Term
| Social Congitive/Learning Theory |
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Definition
| Learn from watching others. Imitation, observational learning, vicious reinforcement, identification. |
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Term
| Communication Accommodation Theory |
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Definition
| Changing your communication behavior in relation to the other person based on roots we belong to. |
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Term
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Definition
| Systems are entities that actively seek to adapt themselves to their environment. Meta-theory. Input -> throughout phase -> output. |
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Term
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Definition
| If we think our views are in the minority on a controversial issue, most of the time we will be less willing to speak up to defend them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Create a way and vocabulary to talk to the masses. |
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Term
| Classifications of Situational Theory |
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Definition
| Active, Aware, Latent, Non-public |
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Term
| Collapse Model of Corporate Image |
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Definition
| People control the image of the company. There are multiple messages/images held by the company. |
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Term
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Definition
| A description of concepts and specifications of the relationship between those concepts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Explain, Predict, Organize, and Solve Practical Problems |
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Term
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Definition
| The only thing we know is what we can see and touch. Driven by knowledge and concrete facts. |
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Term
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Definition
| There are injustices all around us and we must strive to understand them, but not necessarily change them. |
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Term
| Social Construction Research |
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Definition
| Can be both scientific objective and humanistic subjective. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reality was created from language. It is therefore different for every individual. |
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Term
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Definition
| How a researcher chooses to define a variable. |
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Term
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Definition
| A variable that cannot or was not controlled for. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two concepts change together in similar ways. |
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Term
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Definition
| One concept causes the other to be affected. |
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Term
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Definition
| Certain concepts precede other concepts in time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deals with the way one conducts researchers or gains knowledge. |
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Term
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Definition
| It discusses the nature of reality. |
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Term
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Definition
| Science must be value free. |
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Term
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Definition
| One should find a theory and conduct a study. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Offers a prescription for change. |
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Term
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Definition
| How I will measure the variable |
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Term
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Definition
| Begins with a theory -> Hypothesis -> Tests the hypothesis |
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Term
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Definition
| Lets theory emerge -> No hypothesis -> Open minded |
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Term
| Theory of Reasoned Action |
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Definition
| Attitude towards the behavior. Subjective norm. Behavioral intention. |
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Term
| Theory of Planned Behavior |
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Definition
| Perceived behavioral control. |
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Term
| Three approaches to management |
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Definition
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