Term
| Systems as Organisms Metaphor |
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Definition
| View organizations not as self-contained and self-sufficient machines but as complex organisms that must interact with this environment to survive. |
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Term
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| Allow information and materials to flow in and out. The degree of this varies from system to system-some are relatively closed. Whereas others are extremely open. However, all biological and social systems require some degree of this to survive. This refers to both the system as a whole - which must be open to its environment - and to the components within the system. |
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| A system inputs materials or information from the environment through its permeable boundaries. |
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| The system work on the inputs with some kind of transformational process. |
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| The systems returns the transformed output to the environment. |
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| Is possible because of the flow of information and materials betweeen the environment and the system. |
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Term
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| the tendency of closed systems to run down |
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Term
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| a system can reach the same final state from differing initial conditions and by a variety of paths. |
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| doesn't talk to anyone else in the network |
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| talks to a number of highly interconnected individuals. |
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| talks to individuals within the group as well as outside of the group |
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| Talks to two people who have radically different connections within the network |
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| The ways in which individuals are connected with each other. |
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Term
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| things displayed by organizational members and the overt behavior or manifestations of organizational members. |
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| Argue that business success can be enhanced through the development of a "strong" culture. |
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Definition
| the beliefs and visions that members hold for an organization. |
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| the individuals who come to exemplify an organizations values. They become known through the stories and myths of an organization. |
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Definition
| the ceremonies through which an organization celebrates its values |
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Term
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Definition
| the communication system through which cultural values are instituted and reinforced. Could consist of both formal organizational channels, such as newsletters, and the informal interactions of employees. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excellent organizations react quickly and do not spend excess time planning and analyzing. |
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Term
| Close relations to the customer |
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Definition
| Excellent organizations gear decisions and actions to the needs of customers |
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Term
| Autonomy and Entrepreneurship |
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Definition
| Excellent organizations encourage employees to take risks in the development of new ideas. |
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Term
| Productivity through People |
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Definition
| Excellent organizations encourage positive and respectful relationships among management and employees. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excellent Organizations have employees and managers who share the same core value of productivity and performance |
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Term
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Definition
| Excellent organizations stay focused on what they do best to avoid radical diversification |
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Term
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Definition
| Excellent organizations avoid complex structures and divisions of labor |
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Term
| Simultaneous loose-tight properties |
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Definition
| Excellent organizations exhibit both unity of purpose and the diversity necessary for innovation. |
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Term
| That cultures are emergent not unitary |
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Definition
| most organizational culture researchers agree that it is impossible to characterize an organization as having a single culture. Rather, most scholars agree that organizations are characterized by a multitude of subcultures that "may co-exist in harmony, conflict, or infdifference to each other" (Frost, Moore, Louis, Lundberg, & Martin) |
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Term
| Anticipatory Socialization |
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Definition
| Socialization that occurs before entry into the organization. Encompasses both socialization to an occupation and socialization to an organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensemaking stage that occurs when a new employee enters the organization. The newcomer must let go of old roles and values in adapting the expectations of the new organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| The The state reached at the "completion" of the socialization process. The new employee is now accepted as an organizational insider. |
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Term
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Definition
| Newcomer solicits information by asking noninterrogitive questions or by hinting. |
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Term
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Definition
| Newcomer solicits information by asking a secondary source (e.g., coworker) rather than a primary source (e.g. supervisor) |
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Term
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Definition
| Newcomer solicits information by asking direct questions of information targets. |
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Term
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Definition
| Newcomer solicits information by breaking or deviating from organizational rules and observing reactions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Newcomer solicits information bu watching behaviour in salient situations. |
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Term
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Definition
| The sampling phase wherein the superior attempts to discover to relevant talents and motivations of the member through iterative testing sequences. |
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Term
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Definition
| The second phase of the role-development process marks an evolution from the one-way activity in which the supervisor "gives" the role and the subordinate "takes" it, to a process in which the member seeks to modify the nature of the role and the manner in which it is enacted. |
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Term
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Definition
| The third phase of the role-development process represents the point at which the role of the subordinate and expected behaviours of the supervisor are well understood by both parties. |
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Term
| Role Related Content of Socialization |
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Definition
| encompasses the information, skills, procedures, and rules that an individual must grasp to perform on the job. |
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Term
| Organizational Culture Related Content of Socialization |
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Definition
| Can be much more complex than comprehending role-related information, as formal documentation regarding cultural norms rarely exists and current organizational members might have a difficult time articulating these values for the newcomer. |
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Term
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Definition
| The functioning of one component of a system relies on other components of the system. |
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Term
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| System components are arranged in highly complex ways that involve subsystems and super-systems. |
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Term
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Definition
| how hierarchical, interdependent, and permeable components function in a system. |
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