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Definition
| a social process in which individuals employ symbols to establish and interpret meaning in their environment |
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| the notion that people and interactions are part of the communication process |
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| ongoing, dynamic, and unending occurrence |
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| arbitrary label given to a phenomenon |
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| symbol representing an object |
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| symbol representing an idea or thought |
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| what people extract from a message |
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| situation or context in which communication occurs |
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| group of scholars who believed that a person "cannot not communicate" |
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| simplified representations of the communication process |
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| linear model of communication |
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| one-way view of communication that assumes a message is sent by a source to a receiver through a channel |
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| words, sounds, actions, or gestures in an interaction |
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| distortion in channel not intended by the source |
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| linguistic influences on reception of the message |
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| physical (external) noise |
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| bodily influences on reception of the message |
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| cognitive influences on reception of the message |
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| biological influences on reception of a message |
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| interactional model of communication |
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| view of communication as the sharing of meaning with feedback that links source and receiver |
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| communication given to the source by the receiver to indicate understanding |
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| overlap of sender's and receiver's culture, experiences, and heredity in communication |
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| transactional model of communication |
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Definition
| view of communication as the simultaneous sending and receiving of messages |
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Definition
| perceived rightness or wrongness of an action or behavior |
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| a personal interpretation of everyday life and activities |
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| environments in which communication takes place |
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| environments that are limited by such factors as the number of people present, feedback, the space between communicators, etc. |
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| intrapersonal communication |
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| communication with oneself |
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| interpersonal communication |
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| face-to-face communication between people |
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| small group communication |
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| communication amongst at least 3 individuals |
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| the degree of togetherness between and among communicators |
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| the intersection of multiple perspectives in a small group |
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| communication patterns through which information flows |
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| positions of group members and their relationship to the group |
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| organizational communication |
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| communication within and among large, extended environments |
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| an organizing principle whereby things or people are ranked one above the other |
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| a set of investigations that ushered in a human relations approach to organizations |
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| the dissemination of information from one person to many others |
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| a speaker's available means of persuasion |
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| communication apprehension |
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| a general sense of fear of speaking before an audience |
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| channels or delivery models for mass messages |
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| communications to a large audience via various channels |
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| computer-related technology |
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| a community of meaning and a shared body of knowledge |
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| communication between and among individuals whose cultural backgrounds vary |
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| groups of individuals who are part of the same larger culture, but who can be classified around various identities |
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| an abstract system of concepts and their relationships that help us to understand a phenomenon |
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| theories that attempt to explain all of a phenomenon such as communication |
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| a theory that attempts to explain a specified aspect of phenomenon such as communication |
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| a theory that attempts to explain a very limited aspect of a phenomenon such as communication |
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| labels for the most important elements in a theory |
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| concepts that are not directly observable |
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| concepts that are directly observable |
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| the ways in which the concepts of a theory relate to one another |
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| positivistic/empirical approach |
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Definition
| an approach assuming the existence of objective reality and value-neutral research |
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| direction over the important concepts in a theory |
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| an approach viewing truth as subjective and stressing the participation of the researcher in the research process |
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| an approach stressing the researcher's responsibility to change the inequities in the status quo |
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| a branch of knowledge focused on the nature of reality |
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| a branch of knowledge focused on how we know things |
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| a branch of knowledge focused on what is worth knowing |
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| a guideline for creating theory suggesting that theories conform to a general law that is universal and invariant |
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| a guideline for creating theory that builds human choice into explanations |
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Definition
| an antecedent condition that determines an effect |
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| a condition that inevitable follows a causative condition |
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| a guideline for creating theory that acknowledges human choice and the constraints of the systems involved |
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| testable predictions of relationships between concepts that follow the general predictions made by a theory |
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| activities based on stimulus-response |
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| activities based on intentional choice responses |
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| nonnegotiable rules that are usually created by an authority figure |
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| rules that are set by an authority figure but are subject to some negotiation |
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| unstated rules used to achieve a personal or interpersonal goal |
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| fundamental property of systems theory stating that systems are more than the sum of their individual parts |
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| a property of systems theory stating that the elements of a system affect one another |
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| smaller systems that are embedded in larger ones |
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| larger systems that hold smaller ones within them |
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| a property of systems theory stating that systems construct structures specifying their outer limits |
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| the acknowledgment that within all human systems the boundaries are permeable |
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| a property of systems theory stating that systems periodically check the scale of allowable behaviors and reset the system |
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| a subprocess of calibration; information allowing for change in the system |
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| a term for when a system recalibrates or changes |
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| a term for a stable system that isn't changing |
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| a property of systems theory stating that systems can achieve the same goals through different means |
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Definition
| moving from the general (the theory) to the specific (the observations) |
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| moving from the specific (the observations) to the general (the theory) |
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| making an abstract idea measurable and observable |
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| focused examination within a context of interest; may be guided by hypothesis or research questions |
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| theory induced from data and analysis |
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| research to generate knowledge |
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| research to solve a problem or create a policy |
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| a criterion for evaluating theories; refers to the breadth of communication behaviors covered in the theory |
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Definition
| a criterion for evaluating theories; refers to the internal logic in the theoretical statements |
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| a criterion for evaluating theories; refers tot he simplicity of the explanation provided by the theory |
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| a criterion for evaluating theories; refers to the theory's usefulness or practical value |
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| a criterion for evaluating theories; refers to our ability to test the accuracy of a theory's claims |
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| a criterion for evaluating theories; refers to the amount of research and new thinking stimulated by the theory |
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| a criterion for evaluating theories; refers to the theory's durability over time |
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Definition
| information science; looks at the presence of noise and tries to unravel to complexities of message meaning by underscoring the unpredictability of feedback |
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Term
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Definition
| cause-effect; holds that someone's behavior is influenced by something else |
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Definition
| individuals are part of a larger group and each has a unique rules and patterns of interaction |
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Term
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Definition
| critiquing the social order and imposing structures or individuals on that order are at the heart |
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