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Definition
A continuity cut which unites two different views of the same action together at the same moment in the movement, making it seems to continue uninterrupted;
For example: when a character claps his hands and the film cuts to a close up of his hands as they come together.
Use: to make a smooth transition from a long shot to a tight shot or vice versa, not to join shots of the same scale. |
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Term
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Definition
| A system of cutting to maintain continuous and clear narrative action. Editing that relies upon matching screen direction, position, and temporal relations from shot to shot. |
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Term
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Definition
Is a close up of something already within the frame
Use:
-use to eliminate jump cuts, instead of putting the two ofending shots together, stick a shot of something else betwen them.
-bridges a jump cut, can be used to condense time
Example: separaste jump-cut shots of Mr. Rogers with a cut-in to the toy he is holding in his hand |
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Term
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Definition
Subjects appearing in a series of shots should maintain the same direction of movement within in the frame and the same direction of eyeline as when they were last seen.
-total spatial representation must remain consistent, can only change position/ location within shots.
-perserved by observing the 180 degree rule
- when joining shots of different subjects, the shots should maintain consistent screen direction and both shots should be consistent with an imaginary line of action.
Example: If we see a husband at his office crossing left towards the door, and wife at her office crossing right towards her door we assume they are going to meet. If the next shot shows them driving, Husband should be driving left, wife driving right.
Consistent Screen direction is especially important in action scenes where the audience has to keep track of the location and direction of several subjects.
Ex: In Civil War battle scene, we see the Union troops always moving left to right,the confederates always moving right to left, until the climatic hand to hand combat, in which we intentionally create a seen of chaos. We mix up all the screen directions we have established. |
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Term
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Definition
An edit where the first shot shows a character looking off screen, and the second shot shows what the character is looking at.
Use: can create artificial screen space
The edit constructs the shots as not only being in the same place but also relate the shots to eachother. |
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Definition
Implies a relationship between different scenes. When movement of contrasting screen direction is included, it indicates that the two subjects are going to come together eventually.
-aspects within the context of the story that are happening simultaneously. The projected image goes back and forth between the primary and secondary scene
Ex: shot of a distant train coming down the tracks with a heroine tied to the tracks and a hero riding to the rescue. From another distant direction. |
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Term
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Definition
An elliptical cut that appears to be an interruption of a single shot. Either the figures seem to change instantly against a constant background, or the background changes instantly while the figures remain constant.
An edit that breaks the illusion of the continuous flow of action.
2types:
1. joins two shots of the same subject which betray an obvious lapse of time
2. Adjoining shots are too similar in camera posiiotn and shot scale. This makes the subject appear to Jump at an edit point.
To avoid Jump cuts: Consecutive shots of the same subject must be distinctly different in shot scale, in camera angle, or both. |
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Definition
| Example: a film editor moves from a close-up shot of a person to a longer shot of the tree behind the person |
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