Term
Primary means of reproduction and dispersal in higher plants is by _________.
Seeds contain a _________ well developed young plant with embryonic root (_________), stem, and one or more leaves whereas a spore is a single cell.
Seed contains abundant food supply which nourishes the plant _________ until it becomes sufficient (_________).
Seeds are protected by a resistant coat (_________ _________).
Both seeds and spores can survived for extended periods of time at reduced rates of metabolism and _________ when conditions become favorable. |
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Definition
1) Seeds
2) Multicellular
3) Radical
4) Embryo
5) Endosperm
6) Seed coat
7) Germinate |
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Term
| Is it true that a spore is a single cell whereas the seed is generally multicellular? |
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Definition
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Term
Following fertilization, an __________ (megasporangium and its enclosed structure) develops into a seed.
Whether or not an __________ __________ surrounds the ovules differentiates gymnosperms and angiosperms. |
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Definition
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Term
Conifers are woody __________ or __________ which produce annual additions of __________ tissue.
Conifers possess tracheids, which is __________ __________ that is long and tapering through which water and dissolved minerals move from one cell to another.
Many conifers produce __________, a viscous clear or translucent substance consisting of several __________ compounds that may protect the plant from attack by fungi or insects.
Many conifers have leaves called __________.
Most conifers are __________ (separate male and female reproductive parts in different locations on the same plant).
An example of a conifer is a __________. |
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Definition
1) Trees
2) Shrubs
3) Secondary
4) Secondary xylem
5) Resin
6) Organic
7) Needles
8) Monoecious
9) Pine |
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Term
| In the life cycle of a pine, each scale (from a male cone) bears two __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the life cycle of a pine, each __________ develops into a pollen grain. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the life cycle of a pine, pollen grains are transferred to the female cone by __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the life cycle of a pine, the embryo develops from a __________ to a pine (mature __________). |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the pine gametophyte dependent upon the sporophyte? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which spores develop into pollen grain? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are immature male gametophytes (pollen grain) taken to the female cone? |
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Definition
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Term
Are gymnosperms vascular?
Are bryophytes vascular?
Are ferns vascular?
Do gymnosperms produce seeds or spores?
Do bryophytes produce seeds or spores?
Do ferns produce seeds or ferns?
Do gymnosperms produce wind borne pollen grains?
Do bryophytes produce wind borne pollen grains?
Do ferns produce wind borne pollen grains? |
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Definition
1) Yes
2) No
3) Yes
4) Seeds
5) Spores
6) Spores
7) Yes
8) No
9) No |
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Term
Angiosperms reproduce sexually by forming __________ and after a unique __________ __________ process occurs.
Angiosperms are the most successful and __________ plant group.
Flowering plants possess efficient water conducting cells called __________ __________ in their __________ and efficient sugar conducting cells called __________ __________ __________ in their __________.
__________ have single cotyledons (__________ seed leaf) while __________ have two cotyledons.
__________ have endosperm (nutritive tissue usually present in mature seed) whereas __________ generally lack endosperm because it is absorbed by the two __________ during development. |
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Definition
1) Flowers
2) Double Fertilization
3) Diverse
4) Vessel elements
5) Xylem
6) Sieve tube elements
7) Phloem
8) Monocots
9) Embryonic
10) Dicots
11) Monocots
12) Dicots
13) Cotyledons |
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Term
| Flowering plants have a __________ phylogeny, while gymnosperms have a __________ phylogeny. |
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Definition
1) Monophyletic
2) Paraphyletic |
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Term
| Gymnosperms are often referred to as "naked seeds" because they lack __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Monocots usually occur in __________ (number); have __________ furrows or pore within the pollen grain; usually have __________ leaf veins; have __________ vascular bundles; a __________ root system; an embryo with __________ cotyledon; and secondary growth is often __________. |
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Definition
1) Threes
2) One
3) Parallel
4) Scattered
5) Fibrous
6) Two
7) Absent |
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Term
| Eudicots usually occur in __________ or __________; have __________ furrows or pores; the leaf veins are __________; the vascular bundles are arranged in a __________ or __________; have a __________ system; an embryo with __________ cotyledons; and secondary growth is often __________. |
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Definition
1) Fours or fives
2) Three
3) Netted
4) Circle or ring
5) Taproot
6) Two
7) Present |
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Term
| What is the function of vessel elements? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of sieve tube elements? |
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Definition
| 1) Transports sugars and food (nutrients). |
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Term
| What is the difference between monocots and eudicots? |
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Definition
| 1) Monocots have one cotyledon while eudicots have two. |
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Term
| What is the significance of endosperm and who has it? |
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Definition
| 1) The endosperm provides nutritive tissue for the developing / growing embryo. Monocots have it throughout their life cycle while it is typically absorbed by the two cotyledons of the eudicot. |
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Term
| The __________ is the end of the flower stalk. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ bears some or all of the flower parts. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ are the lowermost and outermost whorl, are leaf like and green, and cover and protect the other parts when the flower is a bud. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ are thin and broad, vary in shape, are frequently brightly colored, and play an important role in attracting animal pollinators. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ is the male reproductive structure composed of the filament and anther. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ is the thin stalk which supports the anther. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ is where meiosis occurs to form microspores (male gametangium) |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ or __________ is the female reproductive structure that has three sections: the stigma, style, and ovary. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ is the area where pollen grains land and stick. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ is a neck-like structure through which the pollen tube grows. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __________ is an enlarged structure that contains one or more ovules. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between a simple and compound pistil? |
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Definition
| 1) A compound pistil has multiple carpels while a simple pistil has a single carpel. |
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Term
In the life cycle of a flower, the microspore has two cells: the __________ and __________ cell.
The __________ cell develops into the __________ while the __________ cell develops into the __________ __________. |
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Definition
1) Generative
2) Tube
3) Generative
4) Sperm
5) Tube
6) Pollen tube |
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Term
In the life cycle of a flower, the megasporocyte reproduces by __________ and then divides again by __________ to form __________ cells and __________ nuclei.
The three cells at the top of the embryo sac are called the __________.
The two cells on each side of the egg are called the __________.
The cell within the center is called the __________ __________ and has two __________ __________. |
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Definition
1) Meiosis
2) Mitosis
3) Seven (7)
4) Eight (8)
5) Antipodals
6) Synergids
7) Central cell
8) Polar nuclei |
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Term
| In the life cycle of a flower, the mature female gametophyte is also known as the __________ __________. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1) The transfer of pollen from the male (anther) to the female (stigma) part of the plant. |
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Term
| What are some means of pollination? |
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Definition
| 1) Pollination can occur by means of wind, insects, and small mammals. |
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Term
| What is double fertilization? |
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Definition
| 1) Double fertilization is the process in which the egg is fertilized to form a zygote (2n) and eventually an embryo; the polar nuclei are fertilized to form the endosperm (3n) and eventually the nutritive tissue of the plant. |
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Term
| The embryo sac (mature __________ __________) contains __________ cells with __________ nuclei. |
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Definition
1) Female gametophyte
2) Seven (7)
3) Eight (8) |
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Term
| What is the ploidy of the endosperm? |
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Definition
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Term
| A land plant that produced flagellated sperm and has a gametophyte dominant generation that is produced from a protonema is most likely a __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Based on molecular comparisons of DNA and RNA sequences, chloroplast DNA, nuclear genes and RNA sequences, plants probably arose from a group of green algae called the __________ |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following does not belong in the group?
a. Mosses
b. Ferns
c. Pine
d. Angiosperms |
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Definition
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Term
They are sporophyte dominant, have xylem and phloem, and may have one or two cotyledons:
a. Mosses
b. Ferns
c. Pine
d. Angiosperms |
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Definition
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Term
| In mosses, meiosis takes place in the _________ and the zygote forms in the _________. |
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Definition
1) Sporangium
2) Archegonium |
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Term
| Where and by which process are sperm produced in the flowering plant? |
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Definition
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Term
| In mosses, spores when released can germinate and grow into a filament of cells called the _________ (young gametophyte) whereas the mature gametophyte that you find in ferns is called the _________. |
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Definition
1) Protonema
2) Prothallus |
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Term
Both gymnosperms and angiosperms:
a. Produce seeds
b. Are vascular
c. Are heterosporous
d. Are sporophyte dominant
e. All of the above
f. Two of the above |
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Definition
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Term
| Alteration of generations in plants refers to: |
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Definition
| 1) An alteration of haploid and diploid stages |
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