Man's justification before God 

Faith

"Justification by faith alone"

Words that changed Martin Luther's life

and course of history

Dark Ages

a period of time of nearly a thousand

years of spiritual darkness fell across 

Europe

Roman Catholic

religion that controlled Western Europe during the Dark Ages

As one __________ after another

against the Moslems failed, people

began to distrust the popes

and lose faith in Roman Catholicism.

 Crusade

Renaissance

reawakening of learning and knowledge

Old traditions of Roman Catholicism were 

__________ and tested during the Renaissance.

questioned

John Gutenburg 

printed this first on a movable-type printing press

Bible

The invention of the printing press made ___ 

available to the common person

reading and writing

The moral wickedness of the Renaissance

laid fertile ground for the _____________

Reformation

During the 1500's Christian leaders attempted to restore a ___________ lifestyle 

Biblical

I Corinthians 10:33

Even as I please all men in all things, not seking mine own profit but the profit of many, that they 

may be saved. 

Christians who were dissatisfied with many of the Roman Catholic teachings and leaders

Reformers

Reformers wanted to reestablish the Bible 

as:

 the only authority for any religious teaching and practice

Two reformers who were important in the developement of North American culture

Martin Luther and John Calvin

Scripture that Martin Luther used

that justifies man before God by 

Faith

Romans 1 17

Roman Catholic leaders sold

indulgences

this supposedly granted people forgiveness of sin

Dr. Luther nailed to the door of the Castle Church

ninety-five Theses

that upheld what the Bible says

about the forgiveness of sin

Dr. Luther's followers

Protestants

Why did John Calvin take refuge 

Persecution

Where did John Calvin take refuge?

Basel, Switzerland

What book did John Calvin write?

Institutes of the Christian Religion

John Calvin stated

man was created

"to honor and glorify the sovereign God and to enjoy Him forever."

The teachings of John Calvin had a great influence

on American history because:

 They helped mold the character of many men

who made American history.

Christians in France

Huguenots

Huguenots established a colony

in Florida before the

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre

More than 10,000 Huguenots 

Where killed in a massacre that lasted six weeks

and sent survivors fleeing to other countries, including the New World.

"Father of New France"

Samuel de Champlain

The first patent

Sir Humprey Gilbert by

the Queen of England

First permanent English settlement

in North America

Jamestown

Sir Walter Raleigh

sponsored several expeditions to Roanoke Island

London Company merchants

established a

communistic economic system

to make a profit

free enterprise

opposite of communism

John Smith

stopped the communistic system in Jamestown

Two important principles of success

1. ownership of property and business
2. the right to make a profit

Jamestown success:

1.  colonists began raising a profitable crop
2. colony became a community when families came
3. London Company changed its land policy
4. London Company gave each colonist a greater voice in the local government

Virginia House of Burgesses

was the first self-governing assembly

in America

Separatists

left the Church of England

Puritans

sought to purify the Church of England 

from within

Mayflower Compact

first written agreement for self-government of America

William Bradford

Plymouth Colony's second governor

after John Carver died

 1623 new land policy

instituted private ownership of property

and 

individual responsibility for the development of that property

Plymouth colony laid the foundation for:

free enterprise

Free-enterprise system

Biblical because rewards, as well as

responsibilities, are given

on an individual basis

New Netherland

parts of present-day New York, New Jersey, and

Connecticut

How did many Puritans come to America?

in a business enterprise for the Massachusetts Bay Company