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Coleman Final
Vocab and Grammar
131
English
11th Grade
01/16/2011

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Term
abbreviate
Definition
to shorten, abridge
Term
abstinence
Definition
the act of refraining from pleasurable activity
Term
adulation
Definition
high praise
Term
adversity
Definition
misfortune
Term
aesthetic
Definition
pertaining to beauty or the arts
Term
amicable
Definition
friendly, agreeable
Term
anachronistic
Definition
out of date, not attributed to the correct historical period
Term
anecdote
Definition
usually funny account of an event
Term
anonymous
Definition
nameless
Term
antagonist
Definition
foe, apponent, adversary
Term
arid
Definition
extremely dry
Term
assiduous
Definition
persistant, hard working
Term
asylum
Definition
sanctuary, shelter, place of refuge
Term
benevolent
Definition
friendly and helpful
Term
camaraderie
Definition
trust, sociability among friends
Term
censure
Definition
to criticize harshly
Term
circuitous
Definition
indirect, taking the longest route
Term
clairvoyant
Definition
exceptionally insightful able to foresee the future
Term
collaborate
Definition
to cooperate, work together
Term
compassion
Definition
sympathy, helpfulness or mercy
Term
compromise
Definition
to settle a dispute by terms agreeable to both sides
Term
condescending
Definition
possessing an attitude of superiority, patronizing
Term
conditional
Definition
depending on a condition
Term
conformist
Definition
person who complies with accepted rules and customs
Term
congregation
Definition
a crowd of people
Term
convergence
Definition
the state of separate elemets joining or coming together
Term
deleterious
Definition
harmful, destructive, detrimental
Term
demagogue
Definition
leader, rabble rouse, usually appealing to emotion or prejudice
Term
digression
Definition
the act of turning aside, straying from the main point, esp in a speech or arguement
Term
diligent
Definition
careful and hardworking
Term
discredit
Definition
to harm the reputation of, dishonor or disgrace
Term
disdain
Definition
to regard with scorn or contempt
Term
divergent
Definition
separating, moving in different directions from a particular point
Term
empathy
Definition
identification with the feelings of others
Term
emulate
Definition
to imitate, follow an example
Term
enervating
Definition
weakening, tiring
Term
enhance
Definition
to improve, bring to a greater level of intensity
Term
ephemeral
Definition
momentary, transient, fleeting
Term
evanescent
Definition
quickly fading, short lived, esp an image
Term
exasperation
Definition
irritation, frustration
Term
exemplary
Definition
outstanding, an example to others
Term
extenuating
Definition
excusing, lessening the seriousness of guilt or crime
Term
florid
Definition
red colored, flushing, gaudy, ornate
Term
fortuitous
Definition
happening by luck, fortune
Term
frugal
Definition
thrifty, cheap
Term
hackneyed
Definition
cliched, worn out by overuse
Term
haughty
Definition
arrogant and condescending
Term
hedonist
Definition
person who pursues pleasure as a goal
Term
hypothesis
Definition
assumption, theory requiring proof
Term
impetuous
Definition
rash, impulsive, acting without thinking
Term
impute
Definition
to attribye an action to a particular person or group
Term
incompatible
Definition
opposed in nature, not able to live or work together
Term
inconsequential
Definition
unimportant, trivial
Term
inevitable
Definition
certain, unavoidable
Term
integrity
Definition
decency, honesty, wholeness
Term
intrepid
Definition
fearless, adventurous
Term
intuitive
Definition
instinctive, untaught
Term
jubilation
Definition
joy celebration
Term
lobbyist
Definition
person who seeks to influence political events
Term
longevity
Definition
long life
Term
mundane
Definition
ordinary commonplace
Term
nonchalant
Definition
calm casual seeming unexcited
Term
novice
Definition
apprentice beginner
Term
opulent
Definition
wealthy
Term
orator
Definition
lecturer speaker
Term
ostentatious
Definition
showy, displaying wealth
Term
parched
Definition
dried up, shriveled
Term
perfidious
Definition
faithless, disloyal, untrustworthy
Term
precocious
Definition
unusually advanced or talented at an early age
Term
pretentious
Definition
pretending to be important, intelligent, or cultured
Term
procrastinate
Definition
to unnecessarily delay, postpone, or put off
Term
prosaic
Definition
relating to prose, dull commonplace
Term
prosperity
Definition
wealth or success
Term
provocative
Definition
tending to provoke a response
Term
prudent
Definition
careful cautious
Term
querulous
Definition
complaining, irritable
Term
rancorous
Definition
bitter hateful
Term
reclusive
Definition
preferring to live in isolation
Term
reconciliation
Definition
the act of agreement after a quarrel, the resolution of a dispute
Term
renovation
Definition
repair, making something new again
Term
resilient
Definition
quick to recover, bounce back
Term
restrained
Definition
controlled, repressed, restricted
Term
reverence
Definition
worship, profound respect
Term
sagacity
Definition
wisdom
Term
scrutinize
Definition
to observe carefully
Term
spontaneity
Definition
impulsive action, unplanned events
Term
spurious
Definition
lacking authenticity, false
Term
submissive
Definition
tending to meekness, to submit to the will of others
Term
substantiate
Definition
to verify, confirm, provide supporting evidence
Term
subtle
Definition
hard to detect or describe, perceptive
Term
superficial
Definition
shallow, lacking in depth
Term
superfluous
Definition
extra, more than enough redundant
Term
suppress
Definition
to end an activity
Term
tactful
Definition
considerate, skillful in acting to avoid offense to others
Term
tenacious
Definition
determined, keeping a firm grip on
Term
transient
Definition
temporary, short lived, fleeting
Term
venerable
Definition
respected because of age
Term
vindictive
Definition
to clear from blame or suspicion
Term
wary
Definition
careful, cautious
Term
complement
Definition
word or word group that completes the meaning of a verb
Term
direct object
Definition
receives the action of the verb
Term
indirect object
Definition
tells to whom or to what the action of the verb is done
Term
objective complement
Definition
word/word group that helps complete the meaning of a transitive verb by identifying or modifying the direct object
Term
predicate nominative
Definition
word/word group that is in the predicate and that identifies the subject or refers to it
Term
predicate adjective
Definition
adjective in the predicate that modifies the subject
Term
declarative sentence
Definition
makes a statement and ends with a period
Term
imperative sentece
Definition
makes a request or a command
Term
prepositional phrase
Definition
includes the preposition and the object of the preposition and any modifiers
Term
adjective phrase
Definition
prep phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun
Term
adverb phrase
Definition
prep phrase that modifies a verb, adj, or adverb
Term
participle
Definition
verb form that can be used as an adj
present participles end in -ing
past participles end in -ed or -d
ex: having worked all day, abe was ready for a rest
Term
participial phrase
Definition
consists of a participle and any modifiers
entire phrase used as an adj
ex: nodding his head, he admitted the crime
Term
gerund
Definition
verb form ending in -ing and is used as a noun
Term
gerund phrase
Definition
consists of a gerund and any modifiers
entire phrase used as a noun
ex: studying regularly leads to better grades
Term
infinitive
Definition
verbe form beginning with to ___
used as a noun adj or adv
Term
infinitive phrase
Definition
consists of an infinitive and its modifiers
entire phrase used as a noun adj or adv
Term
appositive
Definition
a noun or pronoun placed beside another noun or pronoun to identify or describe it
ex: bucky, the rabbit, is a stupid animal
Term
appositive phrase
Definition
consists of an appositive and any modifiers it has
Term
adj clause
Definition
subordinate clause that modifies a noun or a pronoun
Term
noun clause
Definition
subordinate clause that is used as a noun
Term
adverb clause
Definition
subordinate clause that modifies a verb adj or adv
Term
simple sentence
Definition
one independent clause and one subordinate clause
Term
compound sentence
Definition
two independent clauses with a semicolon or a conjunction
Term
complex sentence
Definition
one independent clause and one or more subordinate clause
Term
compound complex sentence
Definition
contains two or more independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause
Term
base form: lie
Definition
lying, lay, lain
Term
base form: lay
Definition
laying, laid, laid
Term
base form: sit
Definition
sitting, sat, sat
Term
base form: set
Definition
setting, set, set
Term
base form: rise
Definition
rising, rose, risen
Term
base form: raise
Definition
raising, raised, raised
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