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Definition
| cognitive associative automatic meta |
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| Skill acquistion: cogntive |
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Definition
| aware of every step processing all action driving typing |
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| Skill acquistion: associative |
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Definition
| practice and chunking good at common actions bad at uncommon |
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| Skill acquistion: automatic |
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Definition
| skill execution with effort or processing can't explain to others |
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| automatic and controlled aware of processes |
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| hard to explain transfer from visual to verbal can't turn it off (stroop/passwords) |
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| Wait for a stimulus passive Signal detection theory |
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| Signal detection theory: criterion |
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Definition
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| Signal detection theory: faituge |
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Definition
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| Signal detection theory: energy |
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| Signal detection theory: tests/domains |
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| set a certain way medical tests= false alarm |
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| Time for a task 15 minutes expertise inherent task ease ritalin |
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| parallel, if fails go to to... serial |
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Definition
| feature presence is easier than missing feature |
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| Repetition Priming experimentation |
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Definition
| brief stimulus mask test for semantic memory Task |
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Definition
| lexical decision task fill in task Behavioral (ambiguous pictures) |
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Definition
| short time impact doesn't impact behavior because of indirect and direct impact indirect is not strong enough to take hold direct doesn't work because behavior is hard enough to change |
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Definition
| Don't recognize stimuli cognitively, but do emotionally Exposure to another individual increases rating for attraction, friendship, knowing repeated on shapes showing more openness |
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| Priming: Expectations for subliminal |
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Definition
| Confidence increased for the trait listed on the label self esteem and memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Threat positive attributes role models |
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| Direct persuasion: threats |
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Definition
| Not effective subjects try to dissociated, dangerous refusal to create LTM link between threat and behavior |
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Term
| Direct persuasion: Positive attributes |
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Definition
| Show that people who do something have positive attributes didn't work because didn't want to think about others behavior |
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| Direct persuasion: Role models |
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Definition
| effect for the model, not for listener association with self-reference hypocrisy paradigm |
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Term
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Definition
| you state a behavior and you don't want to seem like a hypocrit so you adhere |
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Term
| direct persuasion: contracts |
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Definition
| only work if you already had the idea set |
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Term
| Direct persuasion: changes in action |
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Definition
| either self-conceptualization or behavior changes behavior is easier to change |
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Term
| Direct persuasion: water saving |
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Definition
| sign petition to shower less shorter shower |
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Term
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Definition
| aware school knowledge names metacognition= awareness of thinking |
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Term
| Implicit memory types (7) |
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Definition
priming
familiarity
deja vu
amnesia
Alzheimer
way finding
loss of source memory |
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Term
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Definition
| more likely to make a behavior demonstrating a memory |
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Term
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Definition
| give a list of name to read outloud say testing delay test for famous names previous names rated higher |
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Definition
| generica/media intrusions our world is becoming increasingly similar see things on TV similar attributes trigger sensation of previous experience |
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Term
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Definition
| retrograde: lose previous memories anterograde: can't learn new things Still can learn new implicit tasks procedural memory goes from sensory to LTM suggesting older pathway |
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Definition
| still good at procedural memory, still can learn |
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Term
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Definition
| issues stating explicity where something is still implicitly navigate |
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Term
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Definition
| Don't know why you know something wisdom:know a lot about something with lots of connects but don't know the source expertise |
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Term
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Definition
| Serial distinct units storage capacity (conceptualize as closests) |
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Term
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Definition
| Continuum of memory placement on continuum depends on encoding how we processs info changes encoding shallow= physical medium= acoustic forever= depp= semantic |
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Term
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Definition
| best form of processing issues: time to process you can control presentation, but not length of processing |
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Term
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Definition
| search depends on # of items on a topic the more you know, the slower you are to answer learn diff # of facts about a character the larger the fan, the slower the RT on a T/F task |
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Term
| Fan effect explaining LOP |
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Definition
| CAPS has a huge fan rhyming has limited fan self referent has a small fan |
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| Working memory: visual task |
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Definition
| holding dot positions in mind while making rotation judgements, then recall. more errors |
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| Working memory: two differing tasks |
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Definition
| one of each has trade offs in performance 2 visuals compete |
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Term
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Definition
| information isn't just stored, processing occurs central executive phonological/articulatory loop visuo spatial sketchpad buffer |
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Term
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Definition
| triage assign importance assign tasks strategies for processing history/keeps track |
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Definition
| holds onto info 1 or 2 items per modality |
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Term
| WM capacity cross cultural |
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Definition
| Capacity differences based on lanuage not based on amount, but time what you can remember = what you say in 2 seconds |
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Term
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Definition
| Strong aspect of WM helps with corresponding task tags in working memory connect to aspects of LTM (procedure caluclationgs representative information) input from sensory stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| expertise doesn't transfer difference in stores of LTM |
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Term
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Definition
| taking bits and making them meaningful |
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Term
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Definition
| WM exists inside LTM, focusing on existing information WM like attention control of WM changes size and area in LTM comes from the frontal lobe size is the amount of attention, from parietal lobe |
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Term
| Parallel search in Workin memory |
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Definition
| search affected by amount to be searched resource theory long term memory searched in parallel, depletes resources |
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Definition
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| Serial position effects: supporting box model |
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Definition
| Multiple stores proven by differences in performance Intervening math task primacy stay because LTM, recency dies due to use of STM |
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Term
| Serial position effects: interference |
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Definition
| Proactive= first hurts ability to learn new retroactive=latest hurts earlier both happen to middle items |
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Term
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Definition
| decay= item slowly dissapates interference is losing the ability to find information |
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| Decay vs interference: experiment |
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Definition
| stimulus time or distractor drop no matter what, worse for distraction distractor either verbanl or nonverbal (attention=lightdriven search) having no distraction is impossible |
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Term
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Definition
| parallel (visual pop out) serial self-terminating (1@ a time, stop when found) serial exhaustive (1@ a time and entire list) |
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Term
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Definition
| varied list length and position main effect for length, not positions parallele= no differences decisions require workload |
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| Release from proactive interference |
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Definition
| distinctive information or alarmign |
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| Explanations for serial position |
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Definition
| Multiple stores interference attention |
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Definition
| relating two things together best when using a keyword with an acoustic link to a noun visual and verbal links |
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| Dual coding: Simulataneity effect |
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Definition
| Hear and see at the same time good for memory, problem soving, and creating mental model we use models to predict what will happen |
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Term
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Definition
| Creates meaningful links between audio and visual Diagrammatic reasoning simple = leads to understanding hurt by seductive details |
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Term
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Definition
| Can be used for encoding and intergrating, but can be utilized in reassembling information if components are too seperated |
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Term
| Information that is ____ is better |
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Definition
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Term
| Learning that is ____ is better, research |
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Definition
| spaced spaced learning allow dedication of resources more effectively encode in many moods and places |
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Term
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Definition
| context effect encoding specificity |
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Term
| State Dependent Context experiment |
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Definition
| 3 lists- separate, context related, blank 3 recall- blank, context cue, context related cue Best when matched best when participants create relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 drinks shows encoding/recall improvement more than that is bad the more that matches, the better overdose happens because of a change |
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Term
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Definition
| awareness of memory comes in at age 8 difference between good/bad students |
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Term
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Definition
| Stories with information didn't fit good readers went back and checked skill can be taught |
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Term
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Definition
| High competence: the test was fair, Rank fair and did only ok low: test was unfair, everyone did poor, but I'm better than average |
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Term
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Definition
| Females suffer in STEM around males females have limbic activation during math occurs racially and ethinically occurs verbally for boys |
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Term
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Definition
| varied delays generate list of students from HS pick a picture of who was at your school visual information lasts longer than verbal recognition better than recall time decay |
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Term
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Definition
| Biggest drop at 5 years, 40% retained recognition better than recall spaced learning held for 8 years |
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Term
| Traumatic memories: Dutch camp what was remembered? |
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Definition
| general conditions of camp general punishments dates for some ID #s call to order info was, mostly just gist |
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Term
| Traumatic memories: Dutch camp could they remember war criminal? |
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Definition
| Barely, 3/4ths had a variant |
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Term
| Traumatic memories: Dutch camp who had improved memory? |
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Definition
| Muesum docents those with rehersal |
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Term
| Method of Serial Reproduction: task and errors |
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Definition
| like telephone can be used for images, not just verbal leveling sharpening rationalizing |
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Term
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Definition
| take all details and turn into gist |
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Term
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Definition
| some details get stronger |
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Term
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Definition
| we make sense of a story schemas drop odd details |
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Term
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Definition
| frame= physical representation slots for pieces of information if missing information, we fill in with default values can be wrong errors during retrieval and encoding |
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Term
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Definition
| increased amount of information (place) coded for how detailed |
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Term
| flash bulb memory: prompts vs non-prompts |
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Definition
| non-prompts resulted in lots of media intrusions didn't know why it happened until later, but claimed knowing schema instruions leveling and sharpening |
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Term
| The experimental method of telephone? |
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Definition
| Method of Serial Reproduction |
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