Term
|
Definition
| a term in linguistics that refers to a person's abstract knowledge of a language, which is not always manifested in performance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a set of rules that prescribe all the acceptable utterances of a language; persists of syntax, semantics, and phonology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a property that all natural languages satisfy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the proposal that the structure of one's language strongly influences the way in which one thinks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a judgment by the speaker of a language about whether a sentence is well formed and about other properties of the sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the structure of language |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the proposal that language is a component separate from the rest of cognition. It further argues that language comprehension has an initial phase in which only syntactic considerations are brought to bare |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a language that can be acquired and spoken by humans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the proposal that children learn a language by learning the setting of 100 or so parameters that define a natural language |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a term in linguistics that refers to the way a person speaks. This behavior is though to be only an imperfect manifestation of the person's linguistic competence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the sound structure of languages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the hierarchical organization of a sentence into a set of units called phrases, sometimes represented as a tree structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to the fact that natural languages have an infinite number of possible utterances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| natural languages have semantic rules that determine the possible forms of utterances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the meaning structure of linguistic units |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| grammatical rules for specifying correct word order and inflectional structure in a sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a linguistic rule that moves a term from one part of a sentence to another part |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in sentence comprehension, an inference that connects the sentence to the prior context |
|
|
Term
| center-embedded sentences |
|
Definition
| a sentence in which one clause is embedded within another; for example, the boy whom the girl liked was sick |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a subpattern that corresponds to a basic phrase, or unit, in a sentence's surface structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in sentence comprehension, an inference that connects to a text to possible material not yet asserted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a sentence with a transient ambiguity that causes us to make the wrong interpretation initially and then have to correct ourselves |
|
|
Term
| immediacy of interpretation |
|
Definition
| the principle of language processing stating that people commit to an interpretation of a word and its role in a sentence as soon as they process the word |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the position that semantic and syntactic cues are simultaneously brought to bare in interpreting a sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a negativity in the event-related potential at about 400ms after the processing of a semantically difficult word |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a positivity in the event related potential at about 600ms after the processing of a syntactically difficult word |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process by which the words in a linguistic message are tranformed into a mental representation of their combined meaning |
|
|
Term
| principle of minimal atttachment |
|
Definition
| a rule of parsing that interprets a sentence in a way that results in minimal complication of the phrase structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a representation of the events and situations described in a text |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a temporary ambiguity within a sentence that is resolved by the end of the sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process by which language comprehenders respond to the meaning of a linguistic message |
|
|
