Term
| _____ = the process that, at a given moment, enhances some and inhibits other information |
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Definition
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Term
| when talking about attention..._____ enables us to select some information for further processing |
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Definition
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| when talking about attention..._____enables us to set other information asid |
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Definition
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____ prevents sensory overload and allows an organism to devote its processing resources to the
most relevant input at any given moment |
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Definition
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Term
| Bottom-up attentional processing AKA ____ _____ |
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Definition
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_________:
a) Involuntary, automatic capture of attention from outside
b) Very salient stimuli: Flashes, bright colors, loud yell etc |
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Definition
| bottom-up processing (exogenous attention) |
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| Top-down attentional processing AKA ______ _______ |
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Definition
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_______:
a) Guidance from within – guided search
b) Voluntary, flexible, dynamic |
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Definition
| top-down processing (endogenous attention) |
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Term
| Executive attention is directed to ____ and ______ |
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Definition
| internal events and processes |
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Term
| When attention is directed to locations in space, processing of items at that location is enhanced = ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| ___attention: 2 or more sources: Poor info quality |
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Definition
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Term
| ____attention: Select one source of information from others; Good info quality |
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Definition
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| When attention is directed to objects, processing of all of their features is enhanced = ______ |
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Definition
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Term
(in space-based attention - a failure in selection)
_____ ____ =
-Failure to detect changes in the physical aspects of a scene
-Demonstrates that not all available information is attended to and represented, processed |
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Definition
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Term
| Attention directed to moments in time = _____ |
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Definition
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Term
(failure in selection - temporal attention)
_____ ____ =
-Short period during which rapidly and serially presented incoming information is not registered
(T1-T2 100-500 ms)
-There are limitations on speed with which information can be processed in a temporal sequence |
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Definition
| Attentional Blink (Shapiro) |
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Term
(failure in selection - temporal attention)
_____ ____ =
-Occurs when one of the pictures that is identical to another shown previously is missed
-Repeated pictures/words are integrated into one |
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Definition
| Repetition Blindness (Kanwisher) |
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Term
____ ___ is a spatial attention deficit om which:
-Deficit in attention due to brain damage in which one entire half of the visual field is simply ignored
-Usu. due to damage to right parietal lobe, thus the contralateral visual field is ignored, rarely happens
with damage to left parietal lobe |
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Definition
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Term
The following are behavioral consequences of _____ ____:
-Read from middle of page
-Eat from right side of plate
-Draw right sides of objects
-When stimulation on left side only, can report stimulus
-Problematic when stimuli on L and R sides appear simultaneously or within a certain temporal window |
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Definition
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Term
____ is an object-based attention deficit describes as:
-Deficit due to brain damage in which the patient is unable to perceive more than one object at a time,
even when stimuli are presented in the same place
-Usu. symptom with Balint’s syndrome patients
-Bilateral occipito-parietal lesion |
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Definition
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Term
the following is a behavioral result of ____:
2 colors can be IDed at the same time only when they are used to make up a single object |
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Definition
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Term
___ __ ____: Restriction in amount of info that can be processed at once. Because of this certain critical mental operations have to be carried out sequentially rather than in
parallel |
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Definition
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Term
____ selection =
-Irrelevant messages are filtered out before sensory input is processed for semantics
- Dichotic listening
-However some info from unattended ear can still get through; usu. important, meaningful info
-Cocktail party effect |
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Definition
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Term
____ selection =
Sensory input is processed for semantics and then selected by attentional filter |
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Definition
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Term
the ___ model of attentions says:
attention is like a beam, enhancing processing of whatever falls within a spatial area that falls within the circumference of that beam |
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Definition
| spotlight model of attention |
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Term
____ ____ theory says:
-There are mental maps for separate features
-To find a target defined by at least 2 features the maps for those features need to interact
-During very brief presentations illusory conjunctions can occur |
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Definition
| feature integration theory |
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Term
| 2 people responsible for feature integration theory: ____ and ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ and ___ came up with the idea of biased competition |
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Definition
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Term
the idea of ____ ____ says:
Since it is impossible to process all sensory info, there is competition among diff. inputs
Selection of info is a result of competition
Bottom up (sensory) and top down (goals, expectations) continuously interact
Processing occurs through cooperative and competitive interactions among brain areas
Competition among different inputs can take place at all stages of processing |
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Definition
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