Term
| What are the three aspects of thinking covered in the cognitive model? |
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Definition
| Cognitive errors (people having negative perceptions of themselves), faulty patterns of thought, distorted processing of information |
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Term
| Who suggested that depression is a form of learned helplessness? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is learned helplessness? |
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Definition
| When people give up trying to put things right because they only experience failure. |
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Term
| What is the cognitive triad? |
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Definition
| Negative thoughts about the self, the world, and the future |
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Term
| What is an example of negative thoughts about the self? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of a negative thought about the world? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of a negative thought about the future? |
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Definition
| "Things will never get better" |
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Term
| What are cognitive errors? |
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Definition
| Faulty thinking, and negative and unrealistic ideas? |
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Term
| Name 3 types of faulty thinking |
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Definition
| Arbitrary inferences; selective thinking; overgeneralisation; catastrophising; personalising; black and white thinking |
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Term
| What are arbitrary inferences? |
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Definition
| Drawing negative conclusions with insufficient evidence |
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Term
| What is selective thinking? |
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Definition
| Focussing on negative things while ignoring positive ones |
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Term
| What is overgeneralisation? |
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Definition
| Drawing sweeping conclusions based on a single incident |
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Term
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Definition
| Exaggerating a minor setback until it becomes a major disaster |
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Term
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Definition
| Taking all responsibility and blame for unpleasant things that happen |
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Term
| What is black and white thinking? |
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Definition
| Seeing everything in terms of success or failure |
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Term
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Definition
| Patterns of maladaptive thoughts or beliefs. |
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Term
| What can be a result of negative schemata? |
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Definition
| Negative automatic thoughts |
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Term
| How does the cognitive model suggest treating depression? |
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Definition
| Changing the patient's schemata and perceptions of the world. |
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Term
| What can a depressed person's cognitive schemata lead to? |
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Definition
| Seeing actual or threatened loss |
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Term
| What can a depressed person's affective/emotional schemata lead to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can a depressed person's physiological/ biological schemata lead to? |
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Definition
| Feeling tired and unable to do things |
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Term
| What can a depressed person's motivational schemata lead to? |
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Definition
| Helplessness and lack of direction |
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Term
| What can a depressed person's behavioural schemata lead to? |
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Definition
| Withdrawal and inactivity |
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