Term
|
Definition
| study of thinking, processing, and reasoning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| how one represents the relationship between two things; how one organizes the world |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ideas used to test relationships and then to form concepts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| preconceived notion of how to look at a problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cognitive structure that includes ideas about events or objects and the attributes that accompany them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ideas about the way events typically unfold |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the representatives of usual type of event or object |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having a new perspective on an old problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of thinking used to find the one solution to a problem (like math) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used when more than one possibility exists in a situation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| defined convergent and divergent thinking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| idea that people develop closed minds about the functions of certain objects (no divergent thinking) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sum total of possible moves that one might make in order to solve a problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| problem solving strategies that consider every possible solution and eventually hit on the correct solution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| problem solving strategies that use shortcuts based on what has worked in the past |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of thinking about your own thinking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intervening mental process that occurs between stimulus and response; reminds us what to do based on ideas or past learning |
|
|
Term
| computer simulation models |
|
Definition
| introduced by Allen Newll and Herbert Simon as modeles designed to solve problems as humans do. Became general problem solver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leads to specific conclusion from specific information given |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leads to general rule that are inferred from specficis |
|
|
Term
| logical reasoning errors (3) |
|
Definition
| atmosphere effects; semantic effect; confirmation bias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| logical reasoning error when a conclusion is influenced by the way information is phrased |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| logical reasoning error in which one believes in conclusion becuase of what you think to be correct rather than what logically follows information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| logical reasoning errors when one remembers and uses informations that confirms what you already think |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reaction time which is used to measure cognitive processing |
|
|
Term
| hierarchical semantic networks |
|
Definition
| proposed Elizabeth Loftus and Allan Collins, networks in their memory that group together related items |
|
|
Term
| cognitive semantic networks |
|
Definition
| allan collins and rose quilian asserted that people make decisions about relationship between items by sarching these networks; farther apart in the hierarchy, longer it will take to see a connection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| presentation of a related item before the next item; decreased reaction time because it activates the node of a second item |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explains decreased speed of naming the color of ink used to print words when the color of ink and word are different |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| data driven processing; recognizing an item or pattern from data or details |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| larger concepts and moving to details |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when a task is effortlessly done because the task is subsumed under a higher organization process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eye movements from one fixation point to another; eye movement and gaze durations are indicators of information processing while reading |
|
|
Term
| James Lange theory of emotion |
|
Definition
| claims that bodily reactions to situations cause emotional |
|
|
Term
| canon bar theory of emotion |
|
Definition
| emergency theory; asserts that emotions and bodily reaction occur simultaneously |
|
|
Term
| Cognitive theory of emotion |
|
Definition
| Schacter-Singer theory; asserts that emotions are the product of physiological reactions, along with the cognition we attach to the situations |
|
|
