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Cognition + the Brain Midterm1
Many parts of the brain, their functions, and associated facts.
61
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
11/04/2008

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Cards

Term
Arcuate Fasiculus
Definition
White matter fibre pathway connecting Brocas area and Wernickes area
Term
Sherrington
Definition
father of neurophysiology
Term
cytoarchitecture
Definition
cellular arrangmenet
Term
myloarchitecture
Definition
axon arrangement
Term
BA4
Definition
primary motor cortex
Term
Penfeild
Definition
specialized in the treatment of epilepsy by surgically removing the origin
Term
BA1 BA2 BA3
Definition
somatosensory cortex
Term
nissl stain
Definition
stains cell bodies only
Term
golgi stain
Definition
stains the entire cell + axons
Term
Damage to the precentral gyrus will cause what?
Definition
damage will cause motor problems
Term
Damage to the postcentral gyrus will cause what?
Definition
damage will cause somatosensory probelms (ie sensation)
Term
Separates the parahippocampal gyrus and the fusiform gyrus
Definition
the collateral sulcus
Term
sulcus that separates the pre cuneus and the cuneus
Definition
parietooccipital sulcus
Term
Components of the Basal Ganglia
Definition
caudate + putamen + globis pallidus
Term
Striate cortex aka
Definition
Area V1
Term
BA17
Definition
primary visual cortex
Term
band of gennari
Definition
band of myelinated axons projecting into layer 4 of AV1
Term
Area V1 can be found within the..
Definition
within the calcarine sulcus it can be found
Term
hemianopsia
Definition
loss of vision of half the visual feild
Term
(L) homonymous hemianopsia
Definition
blindness to the same (L) visual feild of each eye
Term
cut after the chiasm
Definition
homonymous hemianopsia
Term
heteronymous hemianopsia
Definition
person cannot see the temporal portions of both eyes
Term
cut the chiasm
Definition
heteronymous hemianopsia
Term
cut before the chiasm
Definition
blindness in that eye
Term
Meyers loop
Definition
optic radiations from the LGN to the visual cortex
Term
cut meyers parietal L loop
Definition
inferior R homo quad
Term
cut meyers temporal R loop
Definition
L superior homo quad
Term
cut meyers L temporal loop
Definition
superior R homo quad
Term
cut meyers R parietal loop
Definition
L inerior homo quad
Term
PET scan
Definition
shows the activation of parts of the brain (ie. metabolism)
Term
Talairach
Definition
developed a standard map of the brain
Term
MRI
Definition
able to see changes in the blood flow of brains
Term
intracortical
Definition
cortical to cortical (stay in the cortex only)
Term
How many layers does the cortex have?
Definition
6
Term
Where do LGN axons terminate?
Definition
layer 4 of area V1
Term
An example of a structure with a large layer 4? aka hypergranular
Definition
LGN (recives info from the eye)
Term
granular
Definition
if layer 4 exists
Term
layer with small neurons and small axons
Definition
layer 4
Term
agranular
Definition
no layer 4
Term
Example of an agranular region?
Definition
motor cortex (precentral gyrus)
Term
What layers are used to talk to subcortical areas?
Definition
layers 5 and 6
Term
What layers are used to talk to the opposite hemisphere or other cortical regions?
Definition
layer 3
Term
Which layers have pyramidal neurons?
Definition
layers 3 and 5
Term
Betz cells
Definition
huge pyramidal neurons in layer 5 (huge cell body = long axon= travel far)
Term
koniocortex
Definition
hypergranular regions
Term
3 layers that protect the brain
Definition
ura, arachnoid, pia
Term
astrocytes
Definition
brain cells with no axons
Term
oligodendrocytes
Definition
brain cells with a few dendrites
Term
primary auditory cortex
Definition
Heschles gyri / Transverse gyri
Term
intracranial pressure
Definition
brain is squeezed due to tumour taking up space
Term
stroke
Definition
brain damage caused by a sudden changes of blood flow to the brain
Term
cerebral infarct
Definition
area been destroyed due to lack of blood circulation
Term
cerebral ischemia
Definition
area that has been destroyed due to reduction in blood flow
Term
cranial cerebral trauma
Definition
rupture of blood vessel or bruising in brain causing brain damage
Term
concussion
Definition
loss of consiousness
Term
contusion
Definition
bruising and bleeding in brain
Term
epilepsy
Definition
synchronous excessive discharge of neurons
Term
grand mal seziure
Definition
severe seizure with convulsions
Term
petit mal
Definition
short, not noticble sezuires
Term
EEG
Definition
records brain activity
Term
ECG
Definition
records electrical activity of exposed cortex
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