Term
| CNS Stimulants - General info |
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Definition
1. drugs that stimulate a specific area of the brain or spinal cord
2. sympathomimetic drugs - actions resemble or mimic those of the sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
| CNS Stimulants - classification |
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Definition
Classified according to
I. chemical structural similarities
or
II. site of therapeutic action in the CNS
or
III. major therapeutic uses (ADHD, narcolepsy, obesity, migraine, respiratory depression syndromes) |
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Term
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Definition
amphetamine (Dexedrine, Adderall)
methylphenidate (Concerta, Ritalin, Metadate CD)
atomoxetine (Strattera) - nonaddictive; may cause suicidal thinking and behavior
lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) - prodrug for dextroamphetamine |
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Term
| Drugs for Narcolepsy and ADHD - MOA |
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Definition
| amphetamines stimulate ares of the brain associated with mental alertness |
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Term
| Drugs for Narcolepsy and ADHD - Effects |
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Definition
CNS effects : mood elevation and euphoria; increased mental alertness and capacity for work; decreased fatigue and drowsiness; prolonged wakefulness
Respiratory effects: relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, increased respiration, dilation of pulmonary arteries |
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Term
| Drugs for Narcolepsy and ADHD - Contraindications |
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Definition
cardiac structural abnormalities; drug can exacerbate anxiety or agitation, Tourette's and other tics, hypertension, glaucoma
Do not use with MOAIs |
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Term
Drugs for Narcolepsy and ADHD -
Adverse Effects |
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Definition
wide range - dose related
tend to speed up body systems
common adverse effects include: palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension, angina, dysrhythmias, nervousness, restlessness, anxiety, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dry mouth, increased urinary frequency, headache, blurred vision, worsening psychiatric disorders |
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Term
amphetamines
for narcolepsy and ADHD |
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Definition
1. amphetamine salts are the prototypical CNS stimulants used to treat both narcolepsy and ADHD
2. available only in oral form both as single component (Dexedrine)or as a mixture (Adderall) |
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Term
methylpheidate
for narcolepsy and ADHD |
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Definition
1. aka Ritalin
2. was first prescription drug indicated for ADHD
3. used also for narcolepsy |
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Term
atomoxetine
for narcolepsy and ADHD |
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Definition
aka Strattera - treat ADHD for children older than 6 and in adults
lacks addictive properties
can cause suicidal thinking and behavior in adolescents |
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Term
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Definition
indicated for patients with narcolepsy and also for shift work sleep disorder
less abuse potential than other drugs |
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Term
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Definition
1. original prototype drug for the class
2. aka Imitrex
3. now there are 7 triptans |
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Term
| Analyptics - doxapram (Dopram) |
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Definition
1. treatment of respiratory depression associated with anesthetic drugs and drugs of abuse, COPD-induced hypercapnia
2. monitor deep tendon reflexes, in addition to vital signs and heart rhythm, to prevent overdosage of this drug |
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Term
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Definition
1. found in OTCs, combination prescription drugs, foods and beverages
2. Use with caution in pts with history of peptic ulcer, recent myocardial infarction, dysrhythmias
Only available in oral and injectable dosages |
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Term
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Definition
1. use of CNS stimulants is contraindicated in persons with hypertension
2. expected outcome in hyperactive child to Ritalin is decreased hyperactivity- important to monitor height and weight for pts taking CNS stimulants
3. side effects of the amphetamine are increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, dilated pupils, decreased GI mobility |
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Term
| Nursing Implications - ADHD drugs |
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Definition
1. last daily dose shoudl be given 4-6 hours before beadtime to reduce insomnia
2. take on empty stomoch 30-45 minutes before meals
3. drug "holidays" may be ordered
4. instruct parents to keep a journal to monitor child's response to therapy
5.monitor child for continued physical growth including height and weight |
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Term
| Nursing Implications - Ergot alkaloids |
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Definition
| Chest pain, confusion, slurred speech, vision changes all need immediate medical attention |
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Term
| Nursing Implications - monitoring for therapeutic effects |
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Definition
I. ADHD - decreased hyperactivity, increased attention span and concentration
II. anorexiant - appetite control and weight loss
III. narcolepsy - decrease in sleepiness
IV. Seratonin agonist - decrease in frequency, duration, and severity of migraines
Monitor for adverse effects |
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Term
| Ergot alkaloids such as ergotamine tartrate (Ergostat) exert a therapeutic effect by causing |
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Definition
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Term
| Nurse explains to pt using caffeine that which disease process/condition may be exacerbated by this drug? |
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Definition
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Term
| A nurse working w/pts who are diagnosed w/ADHD is aware such pts often take drugs which fall under which classification? |
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Definition
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Term
| The mother of a child w/ADHD prescribed Ritalin does not want a controlled substance. What are her choices? |
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Definition
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Term
| A teenaged boy will be receiving atomoxetine (Strattera) as part of treatment for ADHD. Which statement is accurate? |
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Definition
| The pt should be monitored for possible suicidal thoughts and behavior. |
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Term
| A pt wants to take orlistat (Xenical) to assist in weight loss. What measure can be suggested to reduce adverse effects? |
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Definition
| Restrict dietary intake of fat |
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Term
| Prior to administering a serotonin agonist, it is most important for nurse to assess the pt for a history of |
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Definition
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Term
| a pt is prescribed an anorexiant. Which statement will the nurse inlude? |
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Definition
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