Term
| Name the 3 categoris of CNS Neoplasm |
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Definition
Primary Brain Tumors
Primary Intraspinal Tumors
Metastatic Tumors |
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Term
| Varies between the types of tumors; etiology can arise from any of the cancerous causes we have mentioned thus far. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pathogenesis of primary brain tumors? |
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Definition
| Affects the brain by compression of cerebral tissue and destruction of tissue; can cause cerebral edema and increase ICP |
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Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of primary brain tumors? |
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Definition
| Headache, nausea, vomiting, confusion, lethargy |
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Term
| How are primary brain tumors treated? |
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Definition
| Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy |
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Term
| Name 2 specific primary brain tumors |
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Definition
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Term
| Astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas, and sometimes medulloblastomas |
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Definition
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Term
| Meningioma, pituitary adenomas, neurinomas, choroid plexus papilloma, primary CNS lymphoma |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are people with primary brain tumors often referred to PT? |
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Definition
| patients with brain tumors often have mobility and neuromuscular problems |
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Term
| When seeing a patient with a primary brain tumor. what are some things to be on alert for? |
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Definition
-Know the dz progression expectation
-Watch for signs of increased ICP such as headaches, visual or speech problems, pupil changes, or seizures
-Progress tx slowly, bedrest to PROM to positioning to ambulation |
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Term
| Make up 60% of brain tumors. Infiltrative tumors that act as mass lesions wherever they are found and cause symptoms related to the area in which they infiltrate |
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Definition
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Term
| Seen in the cerebellum, brainstem and optic nerves of children |
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Definition
| Grade I astrocytoma (pilocytic) |
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Term
| See in the cerebral hemispheres of 20-40 year old individuals |
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Definition
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Term
| The most malignant in their course are seen in patients in their 50s and 60s |
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Definition
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Term
| If untreated and even if treated (except in the case of pilocytic astrocytomas), astrocytomas are a significant cause of ___. Its due to transtentorial herniation from the expanding mass lesion |
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Definition
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Term
| The most common primary brain tumor |
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Definition
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Term
| Accound for 50% of all gliomas and arise after the age of 50 in most patients. The most malignant of gliomas. The average lifespan after diagnosis is 6 months to 1 year. Younger patients tend to have a better prognosis |
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Definition
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Term
| __ of the cerebellum and brainstem are most common in children under 12. Those in the cerebral hemispheres are seen in children or adults, and those in the spinal cord are seen in adults. |
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Definition
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Term
| Arise from arachnoid cells. Make up 15-20% of all intracranial tumors. They are more common in women, probably related to their tendency to have estrogen and progesterone receptors. They are the only true benign tumor in that they usually do not recur after complete surgical removal. |
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Definition
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Term
| Causes of this type of tumor can vary; about 1/6 as common as primary brain tumors. |
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Definition
| Primary Intraspinal Tumors |
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Term
| Primary intraspinal tumors are classified based on the tumor location in the spinal cord. name the 3 classifications |
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Definition
Intradural-intramedullary tumors
Intradural-extramedullary tumors
Extradural-extramedullary tumors |
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Term
| Primary intraspinal tumors are classified based on the tumor location in the spinal cord. name the 3 classifications |
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Definition
Intradural-intramedullary tumors
Intradural-extramedullary tumors
Extradural-extramedullary tumors |
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Term
| The effects of these tumors depend on their location. Manifests as spontaneous pain (nerve root), asymmetry of reflexes with nerve root associated pain (insidious onset), motor weakness, and sensory changes |
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Definition
| Primary Intraspinal Tumors |
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Term
| How are primary intraspinal tumors often treated? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cause of this tumor originates from another metastatic tumor; most common and serious complicatoin of metastatic cancer |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pathogenesis of metastatic brain tumors? |
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Definition
-Metastatic tumor cells or emboli reach the brain via an artery; erach the spinal cord via an artery, vein, or direct invasion; after the metastasis has grown in to nourish the tumor and produce the surrounding vasogenic edema
-The most common sources for metastases are lung, breast, colon, melanoma, and renal
-Occult neoplams can also cause brain metastases |
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Term
| The symptoms depend on where the tumor is. General: headache, seizures, and increased ICP; similar to primary brain tumors except progresses more rapidly (days to week). In the motor strip, it can produce hemiparesis or Jacksonian seizures (seizures starting with shaking of the affected extremity followed often, but not always, by a generalized seizure |
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Definition
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Term
| How are metastatic brain tumors treated? |
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Definition
| Surgery, radiation, corticosteroids. Prognosis is poor |
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