Term
| Acute inflammation of meninges of the brain and spinal cord secondary to bacterial infection |
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Definition
| Acute Bacterial Meningitis |
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Term
| What is the pathogenesis of acute bacterial meningitis? |
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Definition
| Inflammation can cause thrombosis, infarction, or hydrocephalus |
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Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of acute bacterial meningitis? |
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Definition
| Fever, headache, stiff/painful neck, lethargy, skin rashes, lumbar/post thigh pain, positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs |
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Term
| What is the Kernig's sign? |
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Definition
| When a subject is supine and the thigh is flexed perpendicular to the axis of the trunk, complete extension of the leg on the thigh is impossible; present in various forms of meningitis |
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Term
| What is Brudzinski's sign? |
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Definition
| In meningitis, on passive flexion of hte leg on one side, a similar movement occurs in the opposite leg. In meningitis, involuntary flexion of the knees and hips following flexion of the neck while in supine |
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Term
| How do you treat acute bacterial meningitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Acute inflammation of the brain caused by a virus; viral infection may be primary or secondary; herpes simplex is one cause |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pathogenesis of encephalitis? |
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Definition
| Can result in neuronal death, cerebral edema, and vascular damage |
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Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of encephalitis? |
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Definition
| Headache, nausea, altered consciousness, movement disorders, seizures, hallucinations |
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Term
| How can enchephalitis be treated? |
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Definition
| Varies with infection; monitor and treat symptoms |
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Term
| Microorganisms reach the brain and cause local infection; resulting in abscess; microorganisms include virus, bacteria, fungi, and secondary infections (sinusitis) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the pathogenesis for brain abscess? |
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Definition
| Begins as local encephalitis; inflammation causes capsule wall to form; may grow until lethal |
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Term
| What are te clinical manifestations for a brain abcess? |
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Definition
| Fever, chills, headaches, seizures, lethargy |
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Term
| How is a brain abscess treated? |
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Definition
| Antibiotics and surgical drainage |
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