Class:benzodiazepine

t 1/2: 3 hr

duration: <6hrs

use: sedation and amnesia, given w/ an analgesic for dental operations or colonoscopy

Class:bnezodiazepine

t 1/2: 2-4 hours

metabolite:  α-hydroxy-triazolam

use: hypnotic (sleep)

lorazepam

oxazepam

temazepam

Class:benzodiazepine

t 1/2:8-12 hrs

duration: 8-12 hrs

use:hypnotic, anxiolytic

use for sleep but short duration= no hangover

**lorazepam-IV

Class:benzodiazepine

t 1/2:6-12 hrs

duration: 24 hrs

metabolite: α-hydroxy-aprazolam

use:anxiolytic, antidepressant  -cancer pt

diazepam

chlordiazepoxide

chlorazepate

Class:benzodiazepine

t 1/2:20-40 hrs

metabolite: nordiazeram t1/2 60hrs

duration:24-48 hrs

use:anxiolytic

diazepam- anticonvulsant can be used as muscle relaxant

Class:benzodiazepine

t 1/2: 1 hr !!!

metabolite: desmethyl flurazepam t1/2-60 hrs

duration:LONG

use:anxiolytic, ¤ hypnotic

was originally used for sleep due to short t1/2 but check the metabolite

Class:benzodiazepine

t 1/2:50 hr

duration:long

use:anticonvulsant, anxiolytic - use for epilepsy b/c t1/2 is not effected by metabolism

Class:benzodiazepine antagonist

use: benzo overdose, speed up recovery following use in a procedure, will precipitate withdrawal symptoms in benzo addicts

newer anxiety drug

use: anxiety, takes 2 weeks to become effective

Mech: serotonin agonist, metabolite enters CNS

zolpidem (ambien)

zaleplon (sonata)

eszopiclone (lunesta)

newer hypnotics

use: hypnotic

mech: facilitate GABA

Eszopiclone- longer t 1/2 so used for both falling asleep and staying asleep

newer hypnotic

mech melatonin receptor agonist used for sleep onset

Class: muscle relaxant

mech: works on pre-synaptic GABA_B receptor, decreasing glutamate release

use: decrease muscle spasticity from ms or spinal cord damage

class: muscle relaxant

mech: clonidine like α₂ stimulant

SE- sedation , dry mouth, asthenia (decreased inward Ca⁺⁺

class: muscle relaxant

mech: noradrenergic neuron inhibition

not related to tricyclic antidepressant

class: muscle relaxant

mech: blocks release of "activator calcium," blocking excitation-contraction coupling

SE- muscle weakness, sedation

note- drug of choice for hyperthermia

use: muscle relax- cerebral palsy

cosmetic, opthalmologic (glaucomal)