Term
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Definition
| Course of action that should be taken every time |
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Term
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Definition
| Method or way of doing something |
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Term
Define and explain
OBRA- Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act |
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Definition
| Identifies important rights for residents in long term care facilities. Established in 1987. Also defines establishes minimum training requirements for nursing assistant as well as ongoing training. |
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Term
Explain
The eight residents rights |
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Definition
The right to:
-Make independent decisions
-Privacy and confidentiality
-Dignity, respect, and freedom
-Security of possessions
-Transforms and discharges
-Complain
-Visits
-Social services |
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Term
Define
Abuse (and the 5 types) |
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Definition
Purposeful mistreatment that causes mental, emotional, or physical injury to someone.
-Physical
-Psychological
-Verbal
-Sexual
-Financial |
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Term
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Definition
Assault
Threat to harm a person resulting in the person being fearful that they will be harmed
Battery
Intentional touching of a person without consent. |
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Term
Define
False Imprisonment
Involuntary Seclusion |
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Definition
False Imprisonment
Unlawful restraint of a persons freedom of movement
Involuntary Seclusion
Separation of a person from others against the persons will. |
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Term
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Definition
Neglect
Failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm
Negligence
Actions, or failure to act or provide proper care for a resident, resulting in unintended injury |
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Term
Explain
HIPAA (Health Information Portability and Accountability Act
PHI (Protected Health Information) |
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Definition
HIPAA
Established in 1996, to help keep health information private and secure.
PHI
Information that can be used to identify a person and relates to a patients condition, any health care that the person has had, and payment for that health care. |
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Term
Explain
MDS- Minimum Data Sets |
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Definition
| Established as a resident assessment system in 1990, the MDS is a guide for assessing residents and lists what to do if resident problems are identified. It must be completed for each resident within 14 days of admission and annually there after. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any accident, problem, or unexpected event during the course of care. |
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Term
Define
Objective information
Subject information |
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Definition
Object information
Information that is provable. Also called signs. Includes that which can be seen, touched, or heard.
Subjective
Information that is relayed from the patient, such as pain or other feelings. Also called symptoms. |
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Term
Define
The six defense mechanisms |
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Definition
-Denial
-Projection
-Displacement
-Rationalization
-Repression
-Regression |
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Term
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Definition
Burns
Caused by dry heat
Scald
Caused by hot liquids |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when organs and tissues in the body do not receive an adequate blood supply. |
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Term
Define
Myocardial Infarction |
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Definition
| Heart attack- Occurs when the heart muscle itself does not receive enough oxygen because blood vessels are blocked. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Define
Diabetic ketoacidosis |
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Definition
| Caused by having too little insulin in the body |
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Term
Define
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) |
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Definition
CVA (Stroke)
Occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain.
TIA
Warning sign of a CVA. Result of a temporary lack of blood supply to the brain. |
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Term
Define
Localized infection
Systemic infection |
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Definition
Localized
Limited to a specific location of the body.
Systemic
Affects the entire body. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Clean
Has not been contaminated by pathogens
Dirty
Has been contaminated by pathogens |
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Term
Define
Sterilization
Disinfection |
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Definition
Sterilization
Cleaning measure that destroys all microorganisms
Disinfection
Process that destroys most but not all pathogens to a noninfectious level. |
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Term
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Definition
Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
Strain of bacteria that has become resistant to Methicillin
Vancomycin resistant enterococcus
Enterocci bacteria (that lives in the digestive and genital tracts) that has become resistant to Vancomycin.
Clostridioides difficile
Spore forming bacteria that can be part of the normal intestinal flora. |
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Term
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Definition
| Means caring for the whole person- the mind as well as the body |
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Term
Define the age ranges
Infancy
Toddler
Preschool
School Age
Preadolescence
Adolescence
Young Adult
Middle Adult
Late Adult |
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Definition
Infancy birth to 12 months
Toddler ages 1-3 years
Preschool ages 3-5
School age Age 5-10
Preadolescence Age 10-12
Adolescence Age 12-18
Young Adult Age 18-40
Middle Adult Age 40-65
Late Adult Age 65+ |
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Term
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Definition
| Lack of interest in activities |
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Term
Define
Advance directive
Living will
Durable power of attorney |
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Definition
Advance directive
Legal document that allow people to decide what kind of medical care they wish to have if they are unable to those decisions themselves
Living will
Outlines medical care a person wants or does not want in case the person becomes unable to make those decisions
Durable power of attorney
Signed, dated and witnessed legal document that appoints someone else to make decisions for a person in the event she becomes unable to do so |
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Term
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Definition
| Alternating periods of slow, irregular respirations and rapid, shallow respirations, along with short periods of not breathing |
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Term
Define
Integumentary system |
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Definition
| Largest organ and system- skin |
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Term
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Definition
Atrophy
Muscles waste away and decrease in size and become weak
Contracture
Muscle or tendon shortens, becoming inflexible, and freezes in place |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Partial weight bearing
Non weight bearing
Full weight bearing |
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Term
Define
Hemiplegia
Hemiparesis |
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Definition
Hemipegia
Paralysis on one side of the body
Hemiparesis
Weakness on one side of the body |
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Term
Define
Expressive aphasia
Receptive aphasia
Dysphasia |
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Definition
Expressive
Trouble communicating through speech or writing
Receptive
Difficulty understanding spoken or written words
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
MS
Progressive disease that affects the central nervous system. |
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Term
Define
Paraplegia
Quadiplegia |
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Definition
Para
Loss of function in the lower body
Quad
Loss of function in the legs, arms, and trunk |
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Term
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Definition
130/80 or higher consistent BP
The major cause is atherosclerosis, or hardening and narrowing of the blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain or pressure resulting from the heart not getting enough oxygen |
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Term
Define
Peripheral vascular disease PVD |
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Definition
| Disease that affects the legs, feet, arms or hands that do not have enough circulation |
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Term
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Definition
Ostomy
Surgical create of an opening from an area inside the body to the outside
Stoma
An artificial opening within the abdomen in which the intestines is brought through |
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Term
Stages of pressure injuries
STAGE 1 |
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Definition
| Skin is intact but lighter skin tones make look red, and the redness is not relieved after removing pressure. The area may be swollen, painful, firm, soft, and warmer or cooler when compared to the area around it. |
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Term
Stages of pressure injuries
STAGE 2 |
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Definition
| There is partial thickness skin loss involving the outer and/or inner layers of the skin. The injury is pink or red and moist, and may also look like a blister. |
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Term
Stages of pressure injuries
STAGE 3 |
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Definition
There is full thickness skin loss in which fat is visible in the injury. Slough and/or eschar may be present. Slough is yellow, tan gray, green or brown tissue that is usually moist.
Eschar is dead tissue that is hard or soft in texture and black, brown, tan, and may be similar to a scab. The damage may extend down to, but not through, the tissue that covers muscles. |
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Term
Stages of pressure injuries
STAGE 4 |
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Definition
| There is full thickness skin loss extending through all layers of the skin, tissue, muscle, bone and other structures, such as tendons. The injury will look like a deep crater and slough/eschar may be visible. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Obstruction of a blood vessel, usually by a blood clot |
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Term
Define
Supine
Later
Prone
Fowlers
Sims |
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Definition
Prone
Lying flat on back
Lateral
Lying on either side
Prone
Lying on stomach
Fowlers
Semi Sitting (45-60 degrees)
Sims
Left side lying with one leg drawn up |
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Term
Define
Rehabilitation
Restorative care |
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Definition
Rehabilitation
Helps restore a person to his highest level of functioning
Restorative care
Keeps their level achieved by rehabilitation |
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Term
Define
Ambulation
Ambulatory |
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Definition
Ambulation
Moving or walking
Ambulatory
One who can get out of body and move or walk |
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Term
Define
Abduction
Adduction
Extension
Flexion
Dorsiflexion
Rotation
Pronation
Supination
Opposition |
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Definition
Abduction
Moving a body part away from the midline of the body
Adduction
Moving a body part toward the midline of the body
Extension
Straightening a body part
Flexion
Bending a body part
Dorsiflexion
Bending backward
Rotation
Turning a joint
Pronation
Turning downward
Supination
Turning upward
Opposition
Touching the thumbs to any other finger |
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Term
Explain
What four areas of the vital signs does an NA monitor? |
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Definition
1) Body temp
2) Pulse rate
3) Respiration rate
4) Blood pressure |
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Term
Define
The ranges for adult temperatures
Oral
Rectal
Axillary
Tympanic
Temporal |
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Definition
Oral (Mouth)
F 97.6-99.6
C 36.4-37.6
Rectal (Rectum)
F 98.6-100.6
C 37.0-38.1
Axillary (Armpit)
F 96.6-98.6
C 35.9-37.6
Tympanic (Ear)
F 96.6-99.7
C 35.937.6
Temporal (Forhead)
F 97.2-100.1
C 36.2-37.8 |
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Term
Define
Adult blood pressure ranges
Normal
Low
Elevated |
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Definition
Normal
Systolic 90-119
Diastolic 60-79
Low
Systolic 89 or below
Diastolic 59 or below
Elevated
Systolic 120-129
Diastolic 80 or below |
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Term
Define
Stages of hypertension (BP ranges)
Stage 1
Stage 2
Crisis |
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Definition
Stage 1
Systolic 130-139
Diastolic 80-89
Stage 2
Systolic: At or over 140
Diastolic: At or over 90
Crisis
Systolic: Over 180
Diastolic: Over 120 |
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Term
Explain
How many ounces equal one mililiter |
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Definition
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Term
Explain
When is a routine urine specimen collect |
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Definition
| Anytime the resident has to void |
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Term
Define
Straight catheter
Indwelling (Foley) catheter |
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Definition
Straight-Used to drain urine from the bladder and is removed right after the bladder is drained.
Indwelling
Remains inside the bladder for a period of time. |
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Term
Define
Range of Motions (ROM)
PROM
AROM
AAROM |
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Definition
PROM- Positive range of motion
Resident can not help
AROM- Active Range of motion
Resident needs no assistance
AAROM- Active assisted range of motion
Resident needs some assistance |
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Term
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Definition
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