Shared Flashcard Set

Details

CMS III - Surgery Test #1 - Surgery Essentials
Winter Semester 2011
60
Medical
Graduate
04/20/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What instrument is used to apply a high-frequency electric current to biological tissue as a means to cut, coagulate, desiccate, or fulgurate tissue?
Definition
Bovie
Term
When using a Bovie, what is an important part of pt prep?
Definition
pt must be grounded
Term
Which scalpel blade is used for large incisions like
to open the abd or chest?
Definition
#10 blade
Term
Which scalpel blade is used for finer work like
excision of skin lesions?
Definition
#15 blade
Term
What are the MAJOR goals of wound suturing?
Definition
Elimination of dead space
Even distribution of tension along suture lines
Term
What type of sutures are absorbable?
Definition
Chromic catgut
Vicryl (Dexon similiar)
PDS
Monocryl
Term
As far as suture thread size, what does the larger the # mean?
Definition
larger the # the thicker the thread
Term
What does the 0 following a suture # mean? (Example 2-0, 3-0 and 4-0)
Definition
These are your smaller sutures; the higher the prefix digit, the smaller the suture
Term
Which sizes of suture is used for ophthalmologic & microvascular work?
Definition
9-0 and 10-0
Term
What is the largest suture size?
Definition
#5
Term
Which suture size is used on face?
Definition
5-0 or 6-0
Term
What is used to close scalp lacs?
Definition
3-0 sutures or staples
Term
What sutures are used on the trunk and extremities?
Definition
4-0 or 5-0
Term
What sutures are used for deep tissues?
Definition
3-0 or 4-0
Term
What are the advantages of monofilament sutures when compared to multifilament sutures?
Definition
less tissue drag
do not have interstices that may harbor bacteria
Term
What are the disadvantages of monofilament sutures when compared to multifilament sutures?
Definition
Impaired handling and difficulty knot tying
Are broken easier
Term
Which type of suture is made of a single strand of material?
Definition
Monofilament
Term
Which type of suture is several strands of suture that are braided or twisted together?
Definition
Multifilament suture
Term
What are the advantages to multifilament sutures?
Definition
more pliable and flexible
easier handling and knot tying (more secure knots)
Term
What are the disadvantages to multifilament sutures?
Definition
high capillarity (place for bacteria to grow)
rough passage through tissue
Term
What can be done to multifilament threads to reduce capillarity and ease in tissue passage?
Definition
Coating
Term
What term means the process by which fluid and bacteria are carried into the (wound) interstices of multifilament fibers?
Definition
Capillarity
Term
Where should multifilament sutures NOT be used?
Definition
Shouldn't be used in contaminated and/or infected sites
Term
Which suture material is commonly used in Internal GI layer?
Definition
Chromic catgut
Term
What is the duration of tensile strength of Chromic catgut sutures? What is it made of?
Definition
5 days; Submucosa of sheep’s intestine
Term
What type of suture material is used for Internal layer of GI anastamoses; small-vessel ligature; subcuticular skin?
Definition
Vicryl
Term
What is the duration of tensile strength of Vicryl?
Definition
3 weeks
Term
What type of suture material is used in facial closures?
Definition
PDS
Term
What is the duration of tensile strength of PDS?
Definition
6 weeks
Term
What type of suture material is used for subcuticular skin?
Definition
Monocryl
Term
What is the duration of tensile strength of Monocryl?
Definition
2 weeks
Term
Which type of suture is used for Skin closure; drains?
Definition
Nylon monofilament
Term
Which type of suture is used in cardiac; tendon?
Definition
Braided synthetic polyesters
Term
Which type of suture is used on the sternum?
Definition
Stainless steel
Term
What suture closing form is described as high-strength surgical glue?
Definition
Cyanoacrylate - Surgical Adhesive
Term
When can Cyanoacrylate be used?
Definition
Lacerations in areas of low skin tension, with easy to approximate edges
In wounds that are clean, Simple (non-mucosal) and < 8 cm
Term
Can you use Cyanoacrylate on mucosal surfaces?
Definition
No
Term
Can you use Cyanoacrylate on an easy to approximate, low tensile area with a laceration of 7mm in length?
Definition
Yes
Term
What can be applied by the pt on a suture to aids in ↓ suture tract epithelialization (crusting)?
Definition
Polysporin
Term
When should face or neck sutures be removed?
Definition
3-5 days
Term
When should scalp or body sutures be removed?
Definition
5-7 days
Term
When should extremity sutures be removed?
Definition
7-10 days
Term
What % of a newborn's wt is water?
Definition
80%
Term
What % of an adults wt is water?
Definition
50 - 60%
Term
What % of an elderly adult's weight is water?
Definition
40 - 50%
Term
What amount of TBW is ICV?
Definition
2/3rds
Term
What amount of TBW is ECV?
Definition
1/3
Term
What makes up the majority of ECV? What makes up the other portion?
Definition
Interstitial fluid (IF) is ¾ of ECV
Plasma is ¼ of ECV (or 5% of TBW)
Term
What is a major determinant of capillary oncotic pressure?
Definition
Albumin
Term
What phenomenon is described as Fluid “hides” in tissue & cavities due to ↑ capillary permeability (“capillary leak”)?
Definition
"Third Spacing"
Term
Where is "Third Spacing" normally found? What are stimulators of third spacing?
Definition
LE and sacral area; Stimulated by Trauma, Major surgery, Intra-abd infections
Term
What are the components in normal saline?
Definition
154 Na, 154 Cl
Term
What are the crystalloid solutions?
Definition
Normal saline (NS) (0.9NS)
Lactated Ringer’s (LR) (RL)
Hypertonic saline
Term
What are the colloid solutions?
Definition
5% albumin solution
Purified plasma protein fraction
Hydroxyethyl starch solution
Term
Which general type of IV solution are used as volume expanders?
Definition
crystalloid solutions
Term
Which general type of IV solution are used to Provide sustained volume expansion, for acute, severe hemorrhage & large volume loss?
Definition
Colloid solutions
Term
What should be used for resuscitation?
Definition
Isotonic crystalloid solution is the only choice
NS or LR
Term
What type of IV solution should be avoided during aggressive resuscitation?
Definition
Dextrose
Term
Which type of K replacement has rapid onset and is preferred?
Definition
PO replacement
Term
What are the signs characteristic of Hypocalcemia?
Definition
Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign,
Supporting users have an ad free experience!