Term
| What are the three main reasons to use HEMS? |
|
Definition
| time, distance, and weather factors |
|
|
Term
| Hospital ED role in bioterrorism response... |
|
Definition
| notify hosptial admin, infection control, infectious diseases, laboratory services, security, and environmental services. Notify the jurisdictional public health department, and establish appropriate infeciton control guidelines. |
|
|
Term
| Hospital ED role in bioterrorism response... |
|
Definition
| notify hosptial admin, infection control, infectious diseases, laboratory services, security |
|
|
Term
| initial treatment of a pt with DUB |
|
Definition
| aggressive resuscitation with fluid and blood. ABC's, 2 large bore IVs, oxygen, and cardiac monitor. |
|
|
Term
| How should you treat a pt with DUB who is unresponsive to initial fluid management? |
|
Definition
| consider administration of IV conjugated estrogen (premarin) 25 mg IV q 4-6 hrs until bleeding stops. |
|
|
Term
| longer term tx for pts with DUB |
|
Definition
combination OCPs for women who are not pregnant and have no anatomic abnormalities.
Progesterone alone for an immature endometrium, usually successful in women with anovulatory bleeding.
Medroxyprogesterone acetate followed by withdrawal bleeding.
NSAIDs - generally effective for DUB and dysmenorrhea.
No desire for fertility = endometrial ablation or hysterectomy. |
|
|
Term
| signs and symptoms of a pt with hydatidiform mole... |
|
Definition
| vaginal bleeding, hyperemesis, eclampsia, overly enlarged uterus, abnormally high b-hCG. mass of tissue with grape-like swollen chorionic villi. |
|
|
Term
| what should be considered for b-hCG levels don't decrease after treatent for a hydatidiform mole? |
|
Definition
| persistent/invasive disease. Necessitates chemotherapy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
spontaneous - 4
to speech - 3
to pain - 2
none - 1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oriented = 5
confused = 4
inappropriate words = 3
moans = 2
none = 1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
follows commands = 6
localizes to pain = 5
withdraws from pain = 4
decorticate (flexion) = 3
decerebrate (extension) = 2
none = 1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1 and 5 minutes. If score at 5 minutes < 7 obtained every 5 minutes for 20 minutes total. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
complete cyanosis = 0
central cyanosis = 1
completely pink = 2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
none = 0
< 100 = 1
> 100 = 2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no response = 0
grimmace = 1
cry = 2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
limp = 0
some flexion = 1
active motion = 2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
absent = 1
slow/irregular = 1
good cry = 2 |
|
|
Term
| classic triad of ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
| abdominal pain, amenorrhea, and vaginal bleeding |
|
|
Term
| pregnant pt who has syncope has _____ until proven otherwise. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| risk factors for ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
| previous ectopic, previous tubal surgery |
|
|
Term
| risk factors for ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
| previous ectopic, previous tubal surgery, documented tubal pathology, and maternal in utero DES exposure. |
|
|
Term
| ectopic pregnancy work up |
|
Definition
urine and serum b-hCG, serum lactate, blood type and Rh factor
U/S - transabdominal, transvaginal |
|
|
Term
| treatment of ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
medical = methotrexate (decision made with consulting Ob/Gyn physician).
Surgical = laparoscopy preferred. Salpingostomy over salpingectomy. Laparotomy for complicated/ hemodynamically unstable patients. |
|
|
Term
| most common serious complication peruperium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| persistent fever > 38.0 peurperium is indicative of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signs and symptoms of postpartum infection |
|
Definition
| foul smelling, profuse, bloody discharge. abdominal pain. shaking chills = bacteremia. |
|
|
Term
| feared complication of post partum infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment of post partum infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| imaging technique for PID, torsion, tuboovarian abscess, leiomyoma, ovarian cysts |
|
Definition
| pelvic/transvaginal ultrasound |
|
|
Term
| imaging technique for appendicitis or gyn conditions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gold standard for dx of PID or adenexal mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is delivery imminent? |
|
Definition
| complete cervical effacement and fetal presentation at the introitus |
|
|
Term
| what are the thoughts on episiotomy with normal vaginal birth? |
|
Definition
| episiotomy is discouraged |
|
|
Term
| what is the major challenge of an emergency delivery? |
|
Definition
control of the delivery.
control of the head reduces anterior tears. |
|
|
Term
| when are the nose and mouth suctioned? |
|
Definition
| after delivery of the head, before delivery of the body |
|
|
Term
| How does meconium staining change management of the neonate? |
|
Definition
| airway assessment and possible intubation PRIOR to stimulating the child to breathe spontaneously. |
|
|
Term
| when is the placenta delivered? |
|
Definition
| 15-30 minutes after birth |
|
|
Term
| signs and symptoms of pre-eclampsia |
|
Definition
| HTN (140/90+ after 20 weeks) and proteinuria (w/ or w/o pathologic edema) |
|
|
Term
| how is eclampsia differentiated from pre-eclampsia |
|
Definition
| seizures. Can occur from 20 weeks gestation to 7 days after delivery. |
|
|
Term
| loss of pregnancy, < 20 weeks or fetus weighing < 500 grams |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pregnancy related blood discharge or frank bleeding (first half of pregnancy) without cervical dilation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vaginal bleeding and cervical dilation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| passage of only parts of the products of conception (usually 6-14 weeks) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| passage of all fetal tissue, including trophoblast and all products of conception, before 20 weeks of conception |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fetal death at , 20 weeks without passage of any fetal tissue for 4 weeks after |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| infection at any stage of pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all pts with vaginal bleeding who are Rh-negative should get what? |
|
Definition
| RhoGam prior to discharge or within 72 hrs |
|
|
Term
| MC inticing agents of anaphylaxis |
|
Definition
| parental antibiotics (esp PCN), NSAIDs, IV contrast, hymenoptra stings, and foods |
|
|
Term
| MCC of anaphylaxis in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| classic presentation of anaphylaxis |
|
Definition
| pruritis, cutaneous flushing, and urticaria, followed by a sense of fullness in the throat, anxiety, chest tightness, SOB, and lightheadedness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
standard monitoring and treatment including oxygen, cardiac monitoring, and a large bore IV with isotonic crystalloid solution. Epi may rapidly reverse airway compromise. Inhaled beta-agonists effective when added to Epi for pts with wheezing/stridor.
GI sxs = H1 antihistamines and Epi. |
|
|
Term
| how can beta-blockers affect the tx of anaphylaxis? what should be used? |
|
Definition
| cause resistance to Epi, requiring larger doses. Glucagon may be effective in this circumstance. |
|
|
Term
| CM pathogens of septic shock |
|
Definition
LRI - strep pneumoniae, klebsiella, staph aureus.
UTI - e coli, proteus, klebsiella |
|
|
Term
| presentation of hypovolemic shock |
|
Definition
| tachycardia, hypotension, signs of poor peripheral perfusion, narrowing pulse pressure, alterations in mental status. |
|
|
Term
| obese, cough, expectoration, accessory muscle use, may have coarse rhonchi and wheezing. Tough to distinguish from CHF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CXR = increased bronchovascular markings and cardiomegaly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cachexia with barrel chest, little/no cough or expectoration, chest = hyperresonant, wheezing, heart sounds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CXR = small heart, hyperinflation, flat hemodiaphragms, and possible bullous changes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| malaise, myalgias, exertional dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| suddent onset of symptoms and rapid illness progression are associated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fever, tachypnea, tachycardia/bradycardia, cyanosis, decreased breath sounds, wheezes, rhonchi, rales, egophany on ausculatation, pleural friction rub, dullness to percussion, altered mental status |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| unilateral leg edema, hypoxemia (<95), pulse > 94 BPM, hypotension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common study for detection of a PE |
|
Definition
| high-resolution multidetector computed tomographic angiography (MDCTA) |
|
|
Term
| what is indicated for a PE when CTA is not available |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| historical gold standard for the dx of PE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
URI (rhinorrhea, sinusitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis).
LRI (pneumonia).
acute asthma.
allergic reactions. |
|
|
Term
| gold standard for dx of pneumothorax |
|
Definition
| upright postero-anterior chest radiograph |
|
|
Term
| tx of a tension pneumothorax |
|
Definition
| immediate needle decompression |
|
|
Term
| what is more sensitive than xray for detection of a pneumothorax? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| goals in tx of pneumothorax |
|
Definition
| elimination of intrapleural air, optimization of pleural lung healing, and prevention of recurrences. |
|
|
Term
| how should stable, small pneumothoraxes be treated? |
|
Definition
| supplemental O2 and observed for 3-6 hours, repeat CXR in 12-48 hrs. |
|
|
Term
| treatment for a larger/unresolving pneumothorax |
|
Definition
| catheter aspiration and/or standard chest tube thoracostomy with underwater seal drainage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| peptic ulcer disease, erosive gastritis, esophagitis, esophageal/gastric varices, mallory weiss syndrome |
|
|
Term
| McBurney's point, Rovsing sign, voluntary guarding, tenderness on DRE, psoas sign, obturator sign, fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crampy and intermittent, abdominal pain. If proximal = vomiting (bilious). If distal = feculent vomiting. Inability to have a bowel movement or pass flatus. |
|
Definition
| complete bowel obstruction |
|
|
Term
| treatment of bowel obstruction |
|
Definition
surgical intervention required.
prior to surgery : NG tube inserted to remove excess bowel contents and air, IV fluid replacement.
Volvulus decompressed via sigmoidoscopy and insertion of a rectal tube.
Broad spectrum abx preoperatively.
D/C meds that inhibit bowel motility. |
|
|
Term
| constipation and rectal bleeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| frequent bowel movements, anemia, fever, weight loss, tachycardia, low serum albumin, extraintestinal manifestations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rectum is almost always involved |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sigmoidoscopic or colonoscopic examination |
|
|
Term
| diagnostic procedure to differentiate UC from chronic colitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diagnostic test to differentiate UC from Crohn's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most sensitive method for making the dx of UC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| involves any part of the GI tract from mouth to anus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dx based on UGI series, air-contrast barium enema, and colonoscopy (segment narrowing with rectal sparing) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| msot sensitive technique for Crohn's colitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| steady, deep discomfort in LLQ, change in bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation), tenesmus, SBO, fullness or mass over hte involved segment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diagnostic procedure of choice for diverticulitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| findings on abdominal CT of diverticulitis |
|
Definition
| inflammation of pericolic fat, presence of diverticula, thickening of the bowel wall, or peridiverticular abscess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| epigastric pain or RUQ pain radiating through, rather than around to the back. Constant boring pain, intensity varies. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| risk factors for pancreatitis |
|
Definition
| recent surgery, invasive procedure (ERCP), family hx of hypertriglyceridemia, hx of biliary colic, and binge alcohol consumption |
|
|
Term
| most sensitive lab test for pancreatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treatment of pancreatitis |
|
Definition
most pts are treated conservatively.
mainstay = fluid resuscitation, parenteral narcotics, and antiemetics. |
|
|
Term
| treatment of biliary pancreatitis |
|
Definition
ugent decompression for persistent biliary obstruction via sphincterotomy.
Severe disease = emperic antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| blocks used for fingers, laceration repair, I&D of paronychia, and finger/toenail removal or repair |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| used for the index, long, ring, or small finger |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| block used for laceration repair, minor surgical procedures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| block used for surgical procedures of the foot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| supersaturation of urine with urinary solutes leads to these |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pain originates in either flank, radiates anteroinferiorly around the abdomen, into testicle or labium majorum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lab tests/imaging for renal stones |
|
Definition
| U/A, pregnancy test, CBC, CT is preferred modality of imaging. |
|
|
Term
| treatment of renal stones |
|
Definition
pain control, IV opiates with NSAID's, antiemetic for emesis, N/V, IV fluids.
smaller stones = D/C w/ pain control and strainer. Urology F/U warranted. |
|
|
Term
| significant bacteruria in the presence of dysuria/hematuria, hesitancy, suprapubic discomfort/CVA tenderness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| complicated UTI can lead to sequelae (3) |
|
Definition
| recurrent/obstructive UTI, troublesome in pregnant pts, child/elderly and pts with co-morbiditis (DM, HIV) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| frequent and complete voiding |
|
|
Term
| Most UTI's = 1 of 3 clinical syndromes |
|
Definition
| acute cystitis, subclinical pyelonephritis, acute pyelonephritis |
|
|
Term
| flank/CVA pain, renal tenderness with fever/chills... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of male with dysuria/discharge |
|
Definition
| chlamydia, gonorrhea, STD related |
|
|
Term
| positive urinary dipstick nitrite or leukocyte esterase test supports the dx of UTI but a negative test doesn't exclude it. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when should urine culture be obtained in the presence of a UTI? |
|
Definition
| suspected acute pyelonephritis, risk factors for subclinical pyelonephritis, pts who need to be hospitalized, chornic indwelling catheter, pregnant women, children, adult males |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flouroquinalones, or Bactrim/Septra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nitrofurantoin or a cephalosporin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nitrofurantoin or a cephalosporin |
|
|
Term
| tx for UTI with chlamydia or gonorrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ascending infectino from the cervix and vagina. Includes salpingitis, endometriosis, tubo-ovarian abscess, pelvic peritonitis, and chronic pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| long term sequelae of PID |
|
Definition
| tubal factor infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pain |
|
|
Term
| most cases of PID are caused by (2) |
|
Definition
| neisseira gonorrhea, chlamydia trachomatis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| b-hCG, vaginal culture (gonorrhea, chlamydia, HIV, syphilis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eradicate underlying infection, laparoscopy for drainage of tubo-ovarian abscess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prerenal (hypovolemia)
intrinsic (ATN, glomerulus damage)
postrenal (obstructive) |
|
|
Term
| persistent, painful, pathological erection (both corpora cavernosa are engorged with blood) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substances for impotence, oral agents for hypertension, agents for mental disorders, children with sickle cell disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adequate analgesia, initial therapy = terbutaline, corporal aspiration followed by irrigation |
|
|
Term
| inflammaton of the glans and foreskin, appears purulent, excoriated, malodorous, and tender. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| candida then gardinerella |
|
|
Term
| inability to retract the foreskin proximally and posterior to the glans penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection, poor hygiene, or previous preputial injury with scarring |
|
|
Term
| definitive treatment of phimosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| topical steroid tx for 4-6 weeks |
|
|
Term
| tx of paraphimosis (inability to replace foreskin over the glans) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| progressive penile deformity, typically curvature with erections. painful and may result in ED. Thickened plaque, typically on the dorsum. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Peyronie's disease is associated with what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| greatest sensitivity and specificity for AMI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long is troponin detectable? |
|
Definition
| 3-6 hrs after MI and remains elevated for 14d |
|
|
Term
| how long is CK-MB elevated? |
|
Definition
| 4 hrs after injury, peaks in 18-24 hrs, and subsides over 3-4 days |
|
|
Term
| how long is myoglobin elevated? |
|
Definition
| as early as 2 hrs after AMI |
|
|
Term
| when should a CBC be done in the presence of AMI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long is LDH elevated in AMI? |
|
Definition
| above reference within 24 hours, reaches a peak within 3-6 days, and returns to baseline in 8-12 days |
|
|
Term
| ST-segment elevation >1mm in 2 anatomically contiguous leads or the presence of new Q waves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ST-segment depression, T-wave inversion, other non-specific ST-T wave abnormalities |
|
Definition
| intermediate probability of MI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IV access, O2, pulse ox, ASA, NTG, ECG |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anti-ischemic therapy, not candidates for thrombolytics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ECG in 10 minutes.
tx decision in 10 minutes.
door to drug in 30 minutes.
door to balloon in 90 minutes |
|
|
Term
| pharmacologic intervention for AMI |
|
Definition
aspirin.
beta-blocker = metoprolol.
morphine sulfate = pain relief.
nitrates = reduce preload.
thrombolytic therapy = < 30 minutes.
platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist.
heparin as adjunct to eptifibatide, tirofiban, abciximab.
ACE-I = captopril within first 24 hrs. |
|
|
Term
| consult cardiologist for AMI if: |
|
Definition
pt could benefit from PCI.
Pt is in cardiogenic shock.
Pt is hemodynamically unstable with new/worsening murmur.
Pt not candidate for thrombolytics.
Intractable angina.
Late presentation (>3 hr but not more than 12 hrs).
Where dx is in doubt. |
|
|
Term
| hx = anxiety, dyspnea at rest, dyspnea upon exertion, orthopnea, PND, cough that produces pink frothy sputum. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| peripheral edema, JVD, tachycardia, pulsus alternans. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gold standard for diagnosis of CHF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chest radiography findings of CHF |
|
Definition
| dilated upper lobe vessels, cardiomegaly, interstitial edema, enlarged pulmonary artery, pleural effusion, alveolar edema, prominant superior vena cava, Kerley B lines |
|
|
Term
| risk factors for aortic dissection |
|
Definition
| connective tissue disorders, familial hx of aneurysm, atherosclerotic risk factors |
|
|
Term
| severe "ripping/tearing" abrupt pain, located in the back or abdomen, bladder pain, tenesmus, N/V, tenderness to palpation, periumbilical ecchymosis (Cullen's), flank ecchymosis (Grey-Turner's) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aneurysms > ____ are at risk of rupture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tx of any symptomatic aneurysm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anti-hypertensives, unless involve the ascending aorta then requires prompt surgical repair. |
|
|
Term
| preferred medications for aortic dissection (5) |
|
Definition
| labetalol, nicardapine, nitroprusside, esmolol, morphine |
|
|
Term
| medications to avoid in aortic dissection if there is aortic regurg or suspected cardiac tamponade. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| admission and rapid lowering of BP using IV medications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rapid BP reduction is indicated in the following circumstances (10) |
|
Definition
| neurological emergencies, hypertensive encephalopathy, acute ischemic stroke, acute intracerebral hemorrhage, aortic dissection, acute coronary syndrome, acute heart failure, cocaine toxicity/pheochromocytoma, preeclampsia/eclampsia, perioperative HTN. |
|
|
Term
| how quickly should BP be lowered? |
|
Definition
| MAP lowered by no more than 20% in the first hr of treatment. If the pt remains stable, the BP should then be lowered to 160/100-110 mm Hg in the next 2-6 hrs |
|
|
Term
| JNC BP tx recommendations assuming no EOD. |
|
Definition
prehypertension (120-139/80-89) = rechecked in 1 year.
stage 1 HTN (140-159/90-99) = rechecked in 2 months.
stage 2 HTN (>160/100) = confirmed and the pt should have follow-up within 1 month.
If BP > 180/110 = BP confirmed, follow up in 1 week, consider initiating BP tx upon d/c from the ED.
SBP > 210 or DBP > 120 = confirm, initiate anti-HTN tx upon discharge from the ED and arrange close follow up within 1 wk. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| main difference between cat and dog bites |
|
Definition
cat bite = punture wound. MC pathogen = pasturella multocida.
dog bite = crush injury, more damage to deeper structures. amenable to irrigation and debridement. |
|
|
Term
| pts with ACS include the following range of dx (3) |
|
Definition
| unstable angina, non-ST elevation MI, ST-elevation MI |
|
|
Term
| most important ED diagnostic test for angina |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| troponin I(preferred biomarker for myocardial necrosis), troponin T, CK-MB, myoglobin, CBC, BMP, BGL, BUN/Cr, electrolytes, CRP, Sed rate, serum lactase dehydrogenase |
|
|
Term
| diagnostic studies for ACS |
|
Definition
| ECG, CXR, Echo, Radionuclide myocardial perfusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prehospital = IV, O2, ASA, NTG, ECG
ED = antithrombin therapy, reperfusion therapy, serial ECG and telemetry |
|
|
Term
| restrictive pericaditis occurs most often after these circumstances (4) |
|
Definition
| trauma, pericardiotomy, fungal/TB, chronic renal failure |
|
|
Term
| gradual exertional dyspnea, decreased exercise tolerance, pedal edema, ascites, +JVD, kussmaul sign, paradoxical pulse, pericardial knock, hepatomegaly, ascites, dependent edema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diagnostic findings of restrictive pericarditis |
|
Definition
EKG = low-voltage QRS complexes, inverted T-waves.
CXR - normal to slightly enlarged cardiac silhouette, clear lung fields, pericardial calcification.
CT/MRI - thickened pericardium.
echocardiogram - value much less than with acute pericarditis. |
|
|
Term
| treatment of restrictive pericarditis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when should face sutures be removed? |
|
Definition
| 3-5 days and replaced with steri-strips |
|
|
Term
| when should scalp sutures be removed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when should trunk sutures be removed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when should arm/leg sutures be removed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when should joint sutures be removed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wound is immediately closed by approximating it's edges |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wound is left open and allowed to close on it's own |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wound left open for a period of 4-5 days after which it may be closed if no infection supervenes. |
|
Definition
| tertiary (delayed primary) closure |
|
|
Term
| strongest of all closure devices |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nonabsorbable sutures retain tensile strength for ______ days. |
|
Definition
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Term
| used to close the outermost layer of skin or repair tendons |
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Definition
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Term
| best suited for closure of deep structures such as the dermis and fascia |
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Definition
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Term
| what size sutures for the hands/fingers? |
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Definition
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Term
| what size sutures for facial lacerations? |
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Definition
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Term
| what size sutures for most other lacerations? |
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Definition
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Term
| used for linear, nonfacial lacerations |
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Definition
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Term
| particularly useful for scalp lacerations |
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Definition
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Term
| limited to use on very low tension simple wounds or for closure of fragile skin subject to low tension |
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Definition
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Term
| how should tape strips be placed? |
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Definition
| perpendicular to the wound, 2-3mm apart from middle out |
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Term
| advantages of tissue adhesives (2) |
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Definition
| slough off on their own in 5-10 days, creates a barrier to microbial penetration. |
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Term
| how do you apply tissue adhesives? |
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Definition
| cover entire wound as well as an area extending 5-10mm on either side of the wound edges. Allow first layer to dry, then apply 2-3 additional layers. |
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Term
| two FDA approved tissue adhesives |
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Definition
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