Term
| Is private healthcare allowed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What the Canadians want to avoid |
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Definition
The development of two-tiered care--with higher standard for the wealthy
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Term
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Definition
| National Health Insurance--Medicare |
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Term
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Definition
| 1/4 to 1/2 the price in US, the people must buy them (except the poor, elderly and those with chronic illness) |
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Term
. How much do Canadian primary Care Physicians make relative to U.S.?
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Definition
| Canadian PCPs make about 1/2 that of US PCPs |
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Term
| What specialist did Reid see in Canada? |
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Definition
| He never saw a specialist- it would take 10-12 months to see one. If you need surgery it would take another 6-8 months to get on the shoulder |
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Term
| Why might Canadians seek care in the U.S.? |
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Definition
1. Services available in Canada but involve wait times: MRIs, radiation, knee replacements
2. Leading-edge services unavailable in Canada: gamma knife radiation or proton beam therapy for cranial tumors, specialized programs to treat severe brain injuries
3. Services available in Canada but US more convenient: rural border regions in Saskatchewan, Manitoba, New Brunswick
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Term
| What three states hospital admissions studied to evaluate Canadian use of U.S. health care? |
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Definition
| Michigan, New York and Washington |
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Term
| How many Canadian admissions per 1000 sought U.S. care? |
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Definition
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Term
| What accounted for most of the 600 Canadian admissions to one U.S. hospital? |
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Definition
90% outpatients and many related to proton beam radiation therapy for cancer under contracts
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Term
| The Vast majority of services provided to Canadians were for what purpose? |
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Definition
emergency or urgent care, presumably coincidental with travel to the US for other purposes
80 percent of the statewide admissions were emergency/urgent admissions or related to pregnancy and birth |
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Term
| German infant mortality rate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Political goal of Bismarck’s original health care system? |
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Definition
he wanted to undercut revolutionary tendencies of industrial workers.
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Term
| Name of German insurance plans? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are Japanese physicians compensated? |
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Definition
hospital physicians are salaried, non-hospital physicians are paid on fee-for-service basis, hospitals and clinics are privately owned but the government sets the fee schedule
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Term
| What percentage of the nonelderly population in the U.S. is uninsured? |
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Definition
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Term
| Has the number of uninsured in the U.S. been rising or falling? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the percentage of uninsured in the U.S. among families with one full time worker |
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Definition
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Term
| Does Illinois fall well above, well below, or near the national average of uninsured in the nonelderly population of the U.S.? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percentage of American children are uninsured? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percentage of non elderly U.S. adults are uninsured? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relationship between educational status and insurance in the U.S.? |
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Definition
Higher the degree of education, the more people insured
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Term
| What is the relationship between firm size and the likelihood of insurance provision? |
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Definition
The larger the firm size, the more people insured
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Term
| Since 1984 has health insurance for nonelderly adults in the U.S. risen or fallen? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three countries where health spending exceeded 6.94 % of GDP in 1998. |
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Definition
| Germany, Canada, and France |
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Term
| Where does Cuba rank in life expectancy compared to the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
What myths does Reid discuss about the possibilities and problems in changing the U.S. system?
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Definition
1.it’s all socialized
2.they ration care with waiting lists and limited choices
3.they are wasteful systems run by bloated bureaucracies
4.health insurance companies have to be cruel
5. those systems are too foreign to work here |
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Term
Four principles of Canadian health care |
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Definition
1. comprehensive: covers medically necessary care
2. universal: covers everyone
3. portable across provinces
4. publicly administered |
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Term
Definition of a medical record |
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Definition
an electronic patient record that resides in a system specifically designed to support users through availability of complete and accurate data, reminders and alerts, clinical DSS(decision support system), links to bodies of medical knowledge and other aids.
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Term
| Medical records (HHM) three functional areas |
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Definition
Demographic: patient’s demographics, family, employment, insurance, religion, and healthcare preferences, patient fill out countless times; Administrative: the inner workings of a medical facility, such as billing and staffing (already in electronic form); Clinical:all aspects of the physical examination including everything from health history to patient follow-up
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Term
| Stakeholders for medical records |
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Definition
| Patients, Healthcare providers, Hospitals and healthcare organizations, Government and Health insurer |
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Term
| Theory of planned behavior aspects |
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Definition
| Theory of planned behavior posits that a person’s performance of specified behavior (ex: EMR) is primarily determined by a person’s attitudes, subjective norms and perceptions of behavioral control |
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Term
| Attitudinal belief structure relative to EMRs (electronic medical records) |
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Definition
An individual’s positive or negative feelings about performing the target behavior (EMR); attitudes influence both short and long term usage
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Term
Two main sets of beliefs about EMRs
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Definition
1. Beliefs about the EMR ‘artifact’
2. Beliefs about the medical profession |
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Term
| Beliefs about the EMR as an artifact |
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Definition
Perceived complexity: the degree to which an innovation is viewed as being difficult to use
perceived relative advantage: the degree to which adopting or using an innovation is perceived as being better than using the existing practice
perceived compatibility: the degree to which an innovation fits with a potential adopter’s existing values, beliefs and experiences
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Term
| Aspects of medicine as a profession |
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Definition
Medicine as an institution: “prevalent habits of thought” with respect to the institutionalized behaviors; reflects culturally-based social norms, rules and embodiment of habituated behaviors; gives institutions a stable and inert quality overtime; provides the tendency for individuals or groups of individuals to “engage in a previously adopted or acquired from of action”
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Term
Three main sources of influence of the normative belief structure
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Definition
1. Coercive pressures
-government regulators, hospital administrators or other dominant actors
-physicians may be coerced into using EMR
-Medicare or Medicaid have recently tightened requirements regarding electronic billing
2. Normative pressures
-arise from interactions of individuals in different professional settings
3. Mimetic pressures
-individuals may mimic each other as they are faced with uncertainty, goal ambiguity or poorly understood technologies |
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Term
| Major findings of Ilie et al. |
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Definition
Most physician-residents and some attending physicians had predominantly negative attitudes about the EMR system both for data retrieval and data entry
-Also: availability and convenience
-Also: would not use it if it was not required
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Term
Why are French doctors’ offices frugally decorated?
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Definition
-Because their physician’s income is a mere fraction of what a similarly situated physician in the U.S. would make so they don’t spend extra money on decorations
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