Term
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Definition
| systems governing the exchange of utterances, formal debate, ceremonial events vs. conversations |
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Term
| Turn Taking in Conversation |
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Definition
| underlying structure that governs order and length of speaking turns |
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Term
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Definition
| How we perform/ construct and perceive speaking turns of various lengths. |
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Term
| Transition Relevant Place |
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Definition
| The place where a transition to a new speaker would be relevant (potential end of a turn) |
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Term
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Definition
| How we decide whose turn it is to talk |
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Term
| 3 ordered techniques of turn selecting |
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Definition
| The current speaker selects the next speaker The current speaker continues talking A listener self-selects themselves as the next speaker |
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Term
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Definition
| At each TRP, one of these three techniques can happen |
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Term
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Definition
Paralinguistic Language: end of sentence there is a little "hah!"
Keinisic Behavior: gaze, eye contact |
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Term
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Definition
| Gap between speakers is typically no different than the gap between two words |
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Term
| Overlaps localized at TRP's |
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Definition
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Term
| turn extension preferences |
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Definition
| story preface, incompletion marker (if or since) |
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Term
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Definition
Two utterances produced by two different speakers that form a pair with sequentially ordered parts
Second pair part is conditionally relevant on the first, once you hear the first you expect the second
If second occurs it will be seen as the second to the first
If it doesn't occur, it is seen as officially absent |
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Term
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Definition
What time is it?
Six O'clock |
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Term
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Definition
Lets go to a movie
Ok/I have an exam tomorrow((Relevant to first by being seen as second part to the first) |
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Term
| Complexities ( Insertion Sequence) |
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Definition
May I have a bottle of Sam Adams Fpp1
Are you 21 Fpp2
No Spp2
No Spp1 |
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Term
| Complexities (Pre-Request) |
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Definition
Do you have any apple pie Fpp
Yes
Id like a piece (request) |
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Term
| Complexities (Pre-Invitation) |
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Definition
Whatcha doin tonight? (Question/Pre-Invitation)
Nothin
Wanna come over? (Invitation) |
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Term
| Openings (Greeting-Greeting) |
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Definition
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Term
| Openings (Summons-Answer) |
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Definition
Obligates A or B to talk again
Jim? FPp
Yeah? Spp
or
Mom?
What? |
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Term
| Openings (Telephone Greetings) |
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Definition
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Term
| Interractional Problem of Closing |
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Definition
Dont want convo to drag so we need to know when to end them.
Getting convo to close at appropriate time
Knowing how and when to close |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Not for sure
Well...
Alright...
Doesn't produce new topic but doesn't add to old
Justify closing: well, I gotta get going |
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Term
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Definition
| Elements in system correspond to morphemes - Hyroglyphics |
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Term
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Definition
| Elements in system correspond to sounds, in alphabetic systems, letters correspond to sounds or phonetic segments |
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Term
| The idea of writing is spread through |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Religious Activity, Increase government Bureaucracy, Increase Commercial Acivity |
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Term
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Definition
| Accredited with printing press, first person to make it work, not first person to think of it |
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Term
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Definition
| Mass written Communication, mass literacy |
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Term
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Definition
| No body really knows, kids still read to daily |
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Term
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Definition
| Printing Press - Telegraph - Telephone - Radio - Television |
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Term
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Definition
| allowed the railroads to signal trains ahead |
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Term
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Definition
| Initially thought of as an enhanced telegraph, first thought was to use it to broadcast media, second thought was for mouth to mouth communication, Diffusion: everyone has a telephone now |
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Term
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Definition
| Initially thought of as an enhanced telegraph, first thought was to use it to broadcast media, second thought was for mouth to mouth communication, Diffusion: everyone has a telephone now |
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Term
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Definition
| Also thought of as an improvement of the telegraph, send things without expensive wires, first idea is manufactures put out programming, second thought was common carrier model, final idea was advertising |
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Term
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Definition
| Advertiser supported, public ownership: shared amongst the community,gov't control: popular for less developed countries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Originally developed for email within a big company, Because its Time |
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Term
| Technological Determinism |
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Definition
| Stresses role of CMN technologies in governing content and effects of CMN |
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Term
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Definition
| Media is the Message, not what you broadcast but how you broadcast it. |
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Term
| Flaws with Technological Determinism |
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Definition
| Misrepresentation. confusing medium with the message, can't really say the printing press caused nationalism |
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Term
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Definition
| Technology is one of many forces that influences and is influenced by political, economic, and cultural developments |
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Term
| Communication Technology does not... |
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Definition
| Predetermine its use (i.e phone, printing press, and internet all not being used for what we do today) |
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Term
| Cultural Impact on Technology |
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Definition
| Affects Usage, Colorfilm technology made white people look better than black people |
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Term
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Definition
Wireless radio is now meant to be wireless phone, printer, etc.
Newspaper first delivered by foot then delivered by train and etc. |
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Term
| Stages in Evolution of CMN Technologies, 3 stages |
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Definition
elite stage: rich or educated get it first
Mest Stage: Everyone gets it
Specialized stage: # of people using CMN technology decreases but it is used for special circumstances. |
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Term
| First and Second Level Effects |
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Definition
First level effect: Changes in productivity/efficiency: telegraph allowed shipping invoices throughout the country, cellphones now do everything
Second Level Effects: Effects on the social system, takes a long time, internet reveals info on people we will never meet, change how we depend on each other, change patterns of social contact |
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Term
| Potential Consequences of First and Second Level Effects |
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Definition
| Unanticipated Consequences, 2nd level effects are not caused by the technologies but by the interaction among humans, we have some control over who we are but not the technology |
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Term
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Definition
relatively large group of people coordinating their activities for some purpose
unified goals-roles
rules-structure |
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Term
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Definition
| Some people have more power than others in organization |
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Term
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Definition
| Levels in the organization's heirarchy |
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Term
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Definition
Subordinate to Superior
mum effect: subordinates afraid to give the bad news, don't shoot the messenger
Superior-Subordinate includes managerial cmn and leadership |
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Term
| Horizontal Spread and Horizontal CMN |
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Definition
Parts of the organization differentiated by specialized responsibilities
Sales-Accounting-HR |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical disturbance between different parts of the organization |
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Term
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Definition
Links: Connections
Cliques: tight cluster of nodes within a larger network |
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Term
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Definition
| Connects 2 or more cliques together but doesn't belong to any |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| member of one clique who links to another clique |
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Term
| Applying Network Analysis |
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Definition
Useful for changing formal organizational structure
Diagnose need for personal/interpersonal connections
Identifying key people and their roles |
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Term
| Perspective of Organization |
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Definition
| Organizations are communicative constructions because communication is the very foundation upon which organizational life is built |
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Term
| More Perspectives of Communication |
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Definition
Organizing and Disorganizing
Communication creating Structures (whats acceptable, safe, unacceptable,risky,desirable) |
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Term
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Definition
socialization: families are where people socialize
meaning
uniqueness of context |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood, Legal Connections, Newborns, past history, present reality, and future of interconnectedness |
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Term
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Definition
| families so interconnected that you can't understand one member uniquely, you must understand the family as a whole |
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Term
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Definition
| The parts or family members are understood in the whole context of that whole |
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Term
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Definition
| Whatever separates some people from others, external, internal |
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Term
| Calibration and Feedback in Families |
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Definition
- feedback = minimization of change in a family and helps create homeostasis
+ feedback = allows a family to change,grow,create, and innovate. Morphogenic |
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Term
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Definition
What people do and say to help one another
theory 1: Buffering Hypothesis: possitive support helps cancel out negative consequences of stresses. helps maintain positive outlook
Theory 2: Support Aids Coping: What is said makes a difference |
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Term
| Problem Solving Support vs. Emotion Focused Support |
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Definition
| focus on solving problem vs. focused on empathy |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 or more people who must interact interdependently and adaptively to achieve common goals. |
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Term
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Definition
| different medical workers doing different things independently |
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Term
| Unidisciplinary medical teams |
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Definition
| group of medical workers who all have same expertise working together |
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Term
| Interdisciplinary medical teams |
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Definition
| different people working together for the same thing. surgeon - nurse - anesthesiologist |
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Term
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Definition
| # of acts that a team must execute. As it gets more complex, more opinions are needed |
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Term
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Definition
| # of different disciplines involved. The more complex, the more diverse it should be |
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Term
| Qualities of health campaign messages |
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Definition
credible
engaging
relevant
understndable |
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Term
| expectancy-value mechanism |
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Definition
changes peoples values of outcome. convince people that something fits with their existing values
vulnerability: convince people they are vulnerable
Severity: campaigns are more effect when they are thought of as more severe |
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Term
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Definition
| When the healthcare system fails to provide equal, high quality, healthcare to all individuals regardless of races, sex, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
structured so certain people have better access to better healthcare than others
Black/mexican people tend to have worse healthcare |
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Term
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Definition
Mistrust: Experiments done on blacks, so they may not trust what doctors say
hypertension: consistent care
Morbidity: deaths are linked to groups talked about |
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Term
Levels of Prediction:
Cultural
Sociological
Pschological |
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Definition
predictions based on location of a person
predictions based on groups they belong to
know someone as an individual |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when either party in a social interaction defines self or other in terms of group memberships, this is not the same as communication between one group and another group, not the same as two people from two different cultures, not everyone has to recognize that its different groups |
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Term
| Why do people stereotype? |
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Definition
| Efficiency Ego Defense Aggression Conformity |
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Term
| How to reduce stereotypes |
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Definition
notice differences between groups
note generalization is inadequate
find similarity between yourself and the people you tend to stereotype
increase familiarity |
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Term
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Definition
| old person talking to young person about their health, not sensitive to the difference |
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Term
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Definition
| oversensitive to difference, condescending |
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Term
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Definition
| Socially transmitted ways of living |
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Term
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Definition
what language in culture allows people to do
Diglossia: circumstance in which culture has two different languages co-existing in same community; one formal, one informal |
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Term
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Definition
| switching between languages for different occasions |
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Term
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Definition
Emblems: NVB gestures w/ direct verbal translations
Proxemics/haptics: How close you are to someone/sense of touch
Verbal Listening: ....okay (japanese) |
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Term
| Commonalities across cultures |
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Definition
cognitive universals
universals in NVB
Common General Function: Persuasion, goal is the same
Common CMN Maxims: Quantity, Quality |
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Term
| Intercultural Communication |
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Definition
| difference in practices not language barriers |
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