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| an aspect of human vision in which the brain retains images for a fraction of a second after they leave the field of sight. |
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| amusement parlor boxes containing moving rolls of still pictures. |
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1. Small early movie theaters
2. Early Jukeboxes set up in amusement arcades. |
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| Charlie Chaplin, Douglas Fairbanks Jr. and Mary Pickford |
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| Formed United Artist studios. enjoyed huge international celebrity. |
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| Short films covering current events that were shown in theaters before the advent of television. |
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| Black Exploitation or blaxploitation films |
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| The illegal copying and selling of movies |
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| The inclusion of a product in a movie as a form of paid advertising |
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| a legal right that grants to the owner of a work protection against unauthorized copying. |
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| Rivalries in which companies selling specific types of recording and playback devices try to put competing companies with competing formats out of business. |
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| A coin-operated phonograph |
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s an American record producer, and the founder of the Motown record label, as well as its many subsidiaries.
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| small groups of potential consumers observed by a researcher. |
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| Transistor Radios & Music from radio stations |
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| Demonstration recording sent in to record companies by artists' agents, managers, or by the artists themselves. |
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| In the music industry, the person who oversees the making of a master recording. |
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| united states performing rights organization |
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| is a 'less is better' economy or caution in arriving at a hypothesis or course of action. |
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| A practice in which record companies paid radio station personnel to play certain records. |
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| dvertising or publicity that is intended for self-promotion and not paid for or underwritten by an independent sponsor: |
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| 1. A group of interconnected broadcast stations that share programming. 2. The parent company that supplies that programming. 3. Interconnected computers. 4. To make industry contacts for possible employment. |
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| Local stations that have a contractual relationship with the network but are not owned by the network |
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| Owned and operated stations- Broadcast stations possessed by and run by the network;they usually carry everything the network provides. |
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| Federal Communications commission(FCC)- Government agency in charge of regulating all means of interstate telephone and radio communication. |
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| Amplitude Modulation- Radio transmissions created by changing (modulating) the power (amplitude) of the carrier wave. |
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| Frequency Modulation- Radio Transmission created by changing(modulating) the speed (frequency) at which sound waves are generated. |
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| Consistent programming formula with a recognizable sound and personality. |
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| Time Divisions that radio stations make in the day in order to schedule appropriate programming. |
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| Time Divisions that radio stations make in the day in order to schedule appropriate programming. |
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| Graphic used by radio programmers showing each feature of the programming hour. |
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| The percentage of all homes equipped with radios or televisions that are tuned to a particular station at a particular time. |
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| The percentage of homes in which the radio or television is in use and tuned to a particular station. |
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| Lines resolution-525 lines |
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| Lighted dots that created a television picture image. |
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| The placement of assigned spots on the electromagnetic spectrum to individual broadcast. |
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| Ultra High Frequency- Term used to describe stations transmitting on channels 14 and up. |
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| Very high frequency- term used to describe television stations that operate on channels 2 through 3. |
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| Cable and must carry rules |
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Community Antenna Television
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| A system of showing a program in the same time period five times a week. |
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| The process of selling media content to individual outlets. |
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| is a theatre term which refers to the precise movement and positioning of actors on a stage in order to facilitate the performance of a play, ballet, film or opera. |
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| – early plan for radio revenue in which access to radio time would be by a fee. |
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| – regular unsponsored programming designed to maintain an audience contact until an advertiser can be sold for that time. |
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| group of connected stations that share programming also, the parent company that supplies that programming. |
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| Owned and operated stations |
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| stations that are owned by the network. |
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| group of connected stations that share programming also, the parent company that supplies that programming. |
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| Owned and operated stations |
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| – stations that are owned by the network. |
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| – not all stations are owned by the network some are owned by private companies. These private companies affiliated with a network to get programming. |
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(September 28, 1901 – October 26, 1990) was the chief executive who built Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) from a small radio network into one of the foremost radio and television network operations in the United States.[1]
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| A coalition of independent stations, the mutual broadcasting system, was begun in 1934. Mutual served smaller stations that were not affiliated with the major networks until 1998, when it went out of business as part of a corporate merger. The American Broadcasting Company was created in the mid 1940s when the government forced RCA to sell one of its networks |
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| s "controlling human or societal behaviour by rules or restrictions." |
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| – all ships at sea must have radios on 24 hours a day. The Californian |
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| – established the FRC or Federal Radio Commission. Powers to enforce the law and limit the number of broadcasters. Traffic cop of the airwaves. |
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| Required broadcasters to act in the “public interest, convenience and necessity”. What’s good for the community? |
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| Communications Act of 1934 |
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| – formed the FCC, limited the number of stations a company could own and began to focus on the technical aspect of the broadcasting. |
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| Call letters – W’s – East of the Mississippi River, K’s – West of the Mississippi River. Fond u Lac WI – KFIZ , WHO in Des Moines IA. |
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| Television Technology started in the early 1900’s. |
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| Two inventors working on the same idea of developing a circuit that could transform a visual image into electronic waves. |
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| Russian Immigrant – Vladimir Zworykin – |
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| Engineer for Westinghouse |
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| – 24 year-old engineer from California. |
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| RCA went with Fransworth. Built the first TV station in 1939 for the World’s Fair in NYC. |
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| – 525 lines at a speed of 30 frames per second |
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| – halted development of the television. |
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| the FCC changed course and went with RCA’s standards. |
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| – stations popping up all over the place. 108 stations between 1948-1952. FCC issued a freeze on the issuing of license. Were to put these stations without interfering with others. 2-13. |
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| – much like radio, companies wanted to get in on the money train. |
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| ABC, NBC, CBS and DuMont. |
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| At first there were four tv networks: nbc, abc, cbs and dumont. the first hree had come over from radio, and the dumont network was founded by allen b. dumont, a manufacturer of television equipment who got into production to increase demand for his sets. |
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| good Dramatic Comedy Shows. |
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| the FCC changed course and went with RCA’s standards. |
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| – movies and TV, protraited blacks as slow and not to bright. |
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| UPN Network was aimed at the black population. |
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| – adding more signals from distant stations. Filling up the dial. |
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| – the use of the news to create a human interest story. Many are bizarre. |
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| – angle that makes the information newsworthy. Elton John and Elizabeth Taylor – AIDS. |
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| – use celebrities to endorse products. Tiger Woods makes millions on endorsements. Pat LaMarche – casino in Oxford County. Michael Jordan – Hanes underwear. 1996 Presidential candidate Bob Dole – Viagara and Pepsi. Commercial with the dog and Britney Spears. |
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| the practice of maintaining and developing good relations with the media gatekeepers. Also called press relations. Hannaford – debit/credit card problems. WGME – Portland pulled their ads. |
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| Independent journalist whos paid only for material used. |
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| research writes and edits |
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| n journalism, an assignment editor is an editor – either at a newspaper, or radio or television station – who selects, develops and plans |
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| A news director controls the news gallery during the news output. He/she selects and calls up the different camera angles, incoming video, graphics and guests. He/she oversees the output of the programme while it is on air and makes sure of it's smooth running and the look of the programme. |
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| The primary newsreaders, who appears in the broadcast news studio |
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| unauthorized disclosures to the press |
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| – leak to a certain press person to test public reaction to an action or suggestion. Most used. |
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| – story granted to just one media outlet. |
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| section that maintains a beneficial relationship between entity and community. EMMC has a large community relations section. Breast cancer, child development. |
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| corporations come to the aid of the community. Channel 5 – home heating oil fund for low income people. Rotary – wipe out polio. Neutering pets. NASCAR – autism. Many companies are in involved in the Victory Junction Camp. At one point almost every company in the USA, wanted to be involved in Don Imus’s camp for kids with cancer. |
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| activity used to repair a clients image. Mel Gibson, Pepsi, car manufactures. |
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| the people who get in from of decision makers. MAB, NAB |
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| document containing information required to write, a story. |
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| same thing but usually ends up in the trash can. |
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| Video News Release – fake news |
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| – collection of publicity items |
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| in-dept article contained in press kits. |
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| taking a position or incident and talking about the elements in a manner that highlights your point or position. |
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| not the musical group, people who take the elements and make it sound positive or negative. Mostly in the political arena. |
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| people who know that something is false but stick to their story. Tobacco Companies, Clinton/Monica, GWB/WMD. |
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| – the practice of using PR to cover up problems without correcting them. |
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| according to the american marketing association:"any paid form of nonpersonal presentation and promotion of ides, goods, or services by an identified sponsor." |
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| the prpcess of brfeaking up the advertising audience into diverse segments to reach those individuals most likely to purchase a particular product. |
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| business-to-business promotions |
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| ads directed to retail customers |
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| top of the mind awareness |
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| electronic news gathering |
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| reporting the uses portable field equipment |
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