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CLS 446 Amoeba
Amoeba
33
Microbiology
Undergraduate 1
11/04/2010

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Cards

Term
Amoeba
Definition
move by pseudopodia
Term
Flagellates
Definition
Move by flagella
Term
Sporozoa
Definition
Tissue parasites with alternating sexual and asexual generation
Term
Microspora
Definition
Minute intracellular
Term
Ciliates
Definition
Move by cilia
Term
Flukes
Definition
Body flattened,leaf-shaped,non-segmented
Term
Tapeworms
Definition
Body flattened and segmented
Term
Roundworms
Definition
Body round in cross-section
Term
Arthropods
Definition
Insects, spiders,mites,ticks
Term
Estimated infections
Definition
  • Amebiasis-10% worldwide,2-3% US
  • Malaria-200 million worldwide 1-2 million deaths/year
  • Toxoplasmosis-33% worldwide
  • Schistosomiasis-200 million worldwide
  • Ascarasis-650 million worldwide
  • Strongyloides-25 million worldwide
Term
3 types of preparation
Definition

1.  Direct smear

2.   Concentration

3.   Permanent stain smear

Term
Trophozoites
Definition

Actively motile form

Typically have one nucleus in teh intestional amoeba category

Term
Cyst maturation
Definition
  • Early cysts have one nucleus
  • As cyst matures nucleus divides. Each individual species of amoeba cyst has a mature state(this is the form usually seen)
  • Early cyts have glycogen(trophozoites do not have glycogen)
  • As the cyst matures, theglycogen disappears(ex Iodamoeba). Glycogen can be stained with iodine(brownish)
Term

Entamoebe histolytica

      Cyst                   Troph

[image][image]

Definition
  • Worldwide, invasive infective form in US in the thousands
  • 2 stages: trophozoite and cyst
  • Lives in intestine, may  become invasive (esp liver )
  • Causes tissue damage , lyses host cells
  • Pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains
  • Symptoms:diarrhea,flatulence and cramping
  • Source of infection: CYSTS
  • Acquired from contaminated water(sewage) food (handler) and persont to person
  • Must differentiate from other nonpathogenic intestional amoeba
Term

Entamoeba histolytica

~ troph~[image]

Definition

Size: 12 - 60 μm

Cytoplasm: fine granular,little to no vacuoles,may ingest RBCs

Nucleus:  fine central karyosome,fine beaded peripheral chromatin

Term

[image]

Entamoeba histolytica

~ cyst ~

Definition

Size:  10-20 μm

Inclusions: chromatid body is rod-shaped with rounded ends

Nucleus: 1-4 nuclei,fine central karosome,fine beaded peripheral chromatin

Term

Entamoeba coli

[image]

Cyst - wetmount

Definition

Trophozoite

Size: 10-35 μm

Cytoplasm: coarsely granular,vacuolated"dirty"

Nucleus: large eccentric karyosome,irregular coarse peripheral chromatin[image]

Term

Entamoeba coli[image]

Cyst

Definition

Cyst

Size: 10-35 μm

Inclusions: chromatoidal body is rod shaped with splintered ends

Nucleus: 1-8 nuclei, large eccentric karyosome,irregular coarse peripheral chromatin

Term
Entamoeba chromatiod bars
Definition
Chromatoid bars are only found in Entamoeba sp. cysts
Term
Entamoeba peripheral chromatin
Definition

Entamoeba species have peripheral chromatin

If peripheral chromatin is not present, then it is not as Entamoeba sp

Term
Entamoeba polecki
Definition

Usually nonpathogenic

Characteristics of both Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba coli

Primarily found in pigs and monkeys

Term

Entamoeba hartmanii

[image]

Definition

Trophozoite

Size: 5-12 μm

Cytoplasm: same as E histolytica (except RBC ingestion)

Nucleus: same as E histolytica

Term

Entamoeba hartmanni

[image]

Definition

Cyst

Size: 5-10 μm

Inclusions: same as E histolytica

Nucleus: same as E histolytica

Term

Entamoeba gingivalis

  • Pathogenic?
  • Found in mouth @ ends of gums
  • Scavenger of disintigrated cells
  • Similar to E histolytica (which could be in sputum from pulmonary abscess)
Definition

Trophozoite

Size 5-35 μm

Cytoplasm: similiar to E histolytica(contains WBCs)

Nucleus: similiar to E histolytica

Cyst

!! No cyst stage has been demonstrated!!

Term

Endolimax nana

[image]

troph

Definition

Endolimax nana

Troph

Size: 6-15 μm

Cytoplasm: granular and vacuolated

Nucleus: karyosome large and irrregular, no peripheral chromatin

Term

Iodamoeba butschlii[image]

troph

Definition

Troph

Size: 8-20 μm

Cytoplasm: coarsly granular,vacuolated,"dirty"(ingests bacteria)

Nucleus: large,central,no peripheral chromatin

 

Term

Iodamoea butschlii

[image]

cyst

Definition

Cyst

Size: 5-20 μm. spherical to oval

Nucleus: 1 nucleus,large eccentric karyosome

Term

Naegleria fowleri

  • Primary amoebic meningocephalitits
  • Acquired by swimming in contaminated water(ponds,lakes)
  • Troph stage reaches brain through nasal cavity
  • Course is rapid/brief- 1 day to 2 weeks
  • Flagellate form- place in water to see flagellate form
Definition

Diagnosis:

Examination of CSF, difficult to detect

Culture on non-nutrient agar plate (7 days)

Term

Naegleri fowleri

Troph

[image]

Definition

Trophozoite

Size: 5-20 μm

Motility: rapid and directional

Cytoplasm: multiple blunt pseudopods,contractile vacuole

Nucleus: large,central karysome,no peripheral chromatin

Term

Naegleri fowleri

[image]

Wet mount

 

Definition

Cyst

Size: 9-60 μl

Not found in human tissue

Term

Acanthamoeba sp

  • Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis and keratitis
  • Free living amoeba found in soil and water
  • Trophozoite and cyst stage in human tissue
Definition

Transmission

  • Enters the body through nasal area from swimming,PAM
  • Following contact with contaminated water or contact lens solution(keratitis)
  • Encephalitis involved mainly in immulogically compromised individuals
  • Karatitis is difficult to treat,may lead to reduced vision or loss of eye
  • Diagnosis by wet mount of CSF,corneal scraping,culture on non-nutrient agar.
Term

Acanthamoeba sp.

Troph

[image]

Definition

Troph

Size: 10-20 μm

Motility: sluggish

Cytoplasm: filamentous pseudopods,contractile vacoule

Nucleus: large,central karysome,no peripheral chromatin

Term

Acanthamoeba sp

[image]

Troph

Definition

Cyst

Size: 15-20 μm

Double wall. Outer wall is slightly wrinckled.Inner wall is polyhedral shaped

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