Term
| what is children's literature? |
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Definition
| different creative readings that children read that enhance their IMAGINATION and provide ENTERTAINMENT for them as well |
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Term
| how we study childrens literature? |
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Definition
| - theoretical approaches and customized approaches, linguistic and sex and gender approaches |
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Term
| What were the contributions of plato, aries, and rousseau? |
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Definition
plato: impule to show child waht's good and right, not aware as child that being saturated with ideas of good and right until later in life
aries: even though we foreget experiences they still shape our decisions and who we are
rousseau: nature (child > nutrure (adult), questions construction of child |
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Term
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Definition
| - fictional story in prose or verse, orgins in antiguity all over world, "fibula"-- story, replacing humans with anthromorphized animals, creatures, plants, objects, or forces of nature, illustrates moral lesson, embodying coded meaning, intended originally for rules who might benefit from hidden advice |
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Term
| What was the role of power dynamtics play in fables and childrens literature? |
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Definition
| underdog= hero, power of wit and words, animal tales stand in for the powerless, symbolism and power, overtime-- transformed and reflect constantly our views of childhood, illustrations an adaptation over time for different kinds of audiences |
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Term
| why animals figure so prominently in children's literature? |
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Definition
- folklore significance
- children like animals--its an object of mystery
- kind of human other
- teach and entertain
-teach children how to read and interpret
-site for subversion and suubterfuge |
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Term
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Definition
Frued:
- dreams associated with childhood
-conflict between ID and superego
- seuxal symbolism
-unconscious, sublimination, repression, censorship
JUNG:
- archetypal sumbols, collective unconscious (mothers, shadow, anima, child, others) |
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Term
| Bettelheim's view of psychoanalysis |
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Definition
- dreams/magic tales filled with symbols
- expressed through myths and folktales
- narrative as educational/therapeutic tool |
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Term
| value of Propp's structural approach to folktales |
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Definition
| - told orally, sense of where they came from |
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Term
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Definition
- know principles/functions
-specific sequence, importance of order
-31 functions
- certain ones are paired/clustered |
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Term
| how many functions he identifies |
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Definition
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Term
| number/sequence of functions |
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Definition
| sequence= identical, order never changes |
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Term
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Definition
7:
- hero, villian, doner, false hero, princess, dispatcher |
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Term
| problems with Propp's approach |
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Definition
| too subjective, too general, gray areas exist, applies to more genres than intended, constant structural elements |
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Term
| The Ugly Duckling characteristics |
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Definition
- viewed as autobiography
- unfulfilled yearning and bitterness
-teased and moved by other children |
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Term
| The Emperor's New Clothes characteristics |
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Definition
- social commentary-- social openion coerces everyone else, pretending that clothes are there when they're not
- child is the only one who tells truth |
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Term
| The nightingale characteristics |
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Definition
shows how health of emperor depends on genuine art
-artist wants to be devotes but with no strings attached
dillema- wanting indepenedence but needing patronage and desire social prestige
-mechanism of art and beauty in mechantical bird-- art and song can conquer death and change course of history |
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Term
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Definition
| - representing struggle between good and evil |
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Term
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Definition
| concerned with goodness and truth and shadow shows he doesnt see the world how it really is |
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Term
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Definition
- incredible decriptions and detail
- gets an immortal soul being human
- struggle sof adolescence in wanting to grow up and conform to expectation of under seeking them in kingdom
- self inflicted pain and risky unconventional goals
- although things didnt work out for Princess, there's still hope for her to have an immortal soul |
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Term
| Impact if disneyfication of "the little mermaid" |
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Definition
not onyl homogenizes individual creation into simplistic narrative samess but eliminates the moral complexities of original text
- desires have consequences that may be painful-- Anderson vs Disney-- bad things only happen to bad people
-continues conflict when grow up-- evil things only happen because of evil antagonists
-complex psychological conflict |
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Term
| Background of Alice and Wonderland |
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Definition
Lewis Carroll-- paradox and play and mockery
- victorian descriptions child and moralism
- parody-- contrasts with nonsense going on in the story |
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Term
| How Alice develops through story |
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Definition
-finding nonsence and finding meaning anyways
- metasexuality-- alice recognizes that she is in a text-- calls cards "just a pack of cards"
- Alice is really changing the rules-- paradoing moral ideal
- gains enormous empowerment |
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Term
| Relationship between Wonderland poetry and children's poetry of the past? |
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Definition
- poems from school vs nonsense in alice and wonderland
- caterpillar-- "resight your poems" and then cracks her and says how this is nonsense |
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Term
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Definition
| -puts us in positions of child finding nonsense and finding meaning anyways |
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Term
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Definition
| unsatisfying ending-- just ends with her waking up from a dream-- just stops, no resolution |
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Term
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Definition
| - speaking to audience including child and adult at the same time |
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Term
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Definition
puppet doesnt have knowledge or sensitivity to interact with the world, pinnochio is gree and moves away from his community of puppets to be a boy, he is becoming more and more prominent until he is truly ready and when in a belly of whale, ready to face death and then reborn as new character
- through good works he turns into a boy |
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Term
| significance of Pinnochio's growing nose |
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Definition
| the consequences of lying, the theme of good vs bad and conscious |
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Term
| themes of metamorphosis and what it means in children's literature |
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Definition
| - big theme-- transformation, gaining conscious of right and wrong and human feelings, when pinnochio is faced with death in whale's belly, reborn new character, through good works he turns into boy,no longer recognizes himself as a puppet |
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Term
| How Barrie's Peter Pan originated |
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Definition
| running away the day he was born, heard his parents talking about what he would be when he grows up, refusal to grow up |
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Term
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Definition
| he can't be touched, he is weightless, ventriliquizing ability, real or imaginary/ sense of agency (running away from his mother) |
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Term
| cost of eternal childhood |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| grownups want kids to stay kids their sake and not the kids resisting the kids own desire to grow-- construction of childhood |
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Term
| how does Rose interpret Peter Pan phenomenon? |
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Definition
-exploits the child
-Peter Pan= fetish for childhood
- boudaries that exit for adult may not exist for children
- issues frowing up and differneces in audiences
-theories of communcation with message
-relationship between child nad adult not being spoken about and it needs to be
- this fiction isn't meant for child-- only presents one perspective-- adult's view of the child
- important for child to have self consciousness to reflect on childhood |
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Term
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Definition
| - systematic scheme of ideas (politics or society or conduct of a class or group and regarded as justifying actions esp one that is held implicitly or adopted as a whole and maintained regardless of the course of events |
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Term
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Definition
1. transpose elements or reassign parts
2. consider ending
3. check for grouping or packaging of values in "farmiliar" ways
4.look at different levels of meaning
5. look for "moral symmetry" in work
6. look for difficult decision that illustrates the tension between socially accepted behavior and a "new" value the book "teaches" |
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Term
| what was the marxist ideology reflected in Olesha's tale |
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Definition
| cannibalism, written in time of extreme deprivation and famine from Marxist ideals so people were said to have been forced to eat eachother to survive, the size of men and child is very small, the war is really about vhildren and childhood and child's golden heart, also communicates how child is prisoner of ideology, the epitimy of domination |
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Term
| How revolutionary ideology transformed in Olesha's tale: |
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Definition
uprising of upper class, stomping on rich-- propoganda and symbolic of working class, very threatening, smaller men looked like clowns-- undermines their authority
-children base their ideology on imagery when they can't read and the pictures of the big fat gluttony men show children what they don't want to be-- looks almost subhuman
- hard worker vs. consumptionionous, producer vs consumer |
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Term
| how shapes ideology take in works for children |
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Definition
| - language carries ideology, we absorb ideology as we learn to speak--shapes our thinking even if were not aware of it, makes it seem natural or right, has the effect of hiding some aspects of reality |
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Term
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Definition
| describes books that attract both child and adult readers, usually refers to children's novels that cross over to adult readers |
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Term
| how child and adult are represented in the little prince |
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Definition
| "grown ups" continuation of child, child having grown, grown up is a defective child, challanging categoies themselves-- prince is combination of child and grown up, always obsessed with numbers-- how un child like they can be, they stop asking questions |
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Term
| idea of taming in the little prince |
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Definition
love and human relationships, domestication, wildness, instead or using relationships or conventional word and replacing it with taming-- reknews your perceptions of human replationships and the nature of love and responsiblity
- languge-- source of misunderstanding |
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Term
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Definition
| child vs adult-- image of shell and death-- one that can go back and think about grief, beautiful way of thinking about issue of death for children or adults philosophical significance-- book will never not speak to you. |
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Term
| relationship between subversion and childrens literature |
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Definition
| - children are keepign things alive, shows children have their own cuture that runs counter to adult cuture, existstence applies that imagination is art, culture is based around money for adults, appeals to imagination, battle between adults and children-- who is in control |
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Term
| rikes gender plays in childrens literature |
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Definition
prevalence of women among story tellers and readers to children, teachers, writers, editors, college instructors, etc so have more of a women point of view which boys are losing out-- women are dominating childrens literature
domestic role of woman |
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Term
| how does pippi relate to questions of subversion and gender? |
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Definition
- he's the strongest man but im the strongest girl and im stronger than the strongest man
- stepping out of her role that she had been occupying and venturing into new territory and situation |
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Term
| how does pippi engage in education debates |
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Definition
- ridiculing mechanical learning and reguses to turn life into something abstract-- theater schene where she wantes to be in the circus and doesnt understand the wrongdoing in it-- everyone is mesmerized by the circus until she participates herself-- hands on learning
- has real life skills-- solving problems liek physics through real world things-- doesnt want to learn because she must climb the nast to see what kind of weather they were going to have
"do you think you're the only one that could have any fun?"-- to circus |
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Term
| how power and authority represented in pippi |
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Definition
| reveals that the skills and nature that is required to solve a real world problem and save the day are different skills than those that are being encouraged in society be education |
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Term
| pippi's relationship to language and lying |
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Definition
| lied on p.17 about going to Egypt walking backwards everywhere "how can you expect her to tell the truth anyways" |
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Term
| nodelman's approach to interpretation of picture books |
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Definition
| sophisticated study of semiotic and narrative aspects of illustration, argues taht interplay of verbal and visual aspects convey more than either does alone, words focusing on pictures helps tell us what might be worth paying attention to, "reading picture", "visual literacy" |
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Term
| how images and text work together to create maeaning |
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Definition
| - placing them into a relationship with eachother inevitably, changes the meaning of both, picture books as a whole are richer experience than the simple sum of their parts |
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Term
| how Kohl questions representation of power in Babar |
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Definition
| questioning power in children's literature, issues of class, democracy vs monarchy, potrayal of Africa |
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Term
| example for how word and image in picturebook work together to create meaning in way greater than working alone |
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Definition
| - together they mean something quite more specific than each on its own, they communciate different kidns of information because they work gtogether limiting each other's meanings, words and pictures necessarily have a combative relationhsip |
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Term
| relationship of national identity and children's literature |
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Definition
- idea of the "childhood of a nation"= establishment of national identity, and the incuclation of mational identity and views of historical past
- romantic views of child's closeness to nature and th celebration of the noble savage-- child acts as this |
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Term
| how native people have been portrayed in american children's literature |
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Definition
| - we spin off bad things america did into a good story and make us look better to children, make indians look highly to children like in pocahantas to sooth the worries of guilt of americans |
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Term
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Definition
concept and creation
- develeoped in response to the designation of realist fiction-- draws upon epic, saga, myth, legend, folktale
- any departure from consensus realisty-- must deal with the impossible
-logically created secondary world
-often linked to children |
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Term
| intertexual echoes exist in the golden compass |
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Definition
- meaning is not contained simply within text but instead emerges from the relationship between text other texts and cultural contexts-- made out of prior works and becomes a site within multiple voices, dicourses, and subjectivities intersect
- echoes off bible, paradise lost by milton, works by william blake, and C.S. Lewis's chronicles of Narnia
-can be viewed as retelling inversion of Milton's epic Paradise Lost with Pullman commending humanity for what Milton saw as it most tragic failing, can be also viewed as direct rebuttal of Chronicles of Narnia-- Pullman criticized as religious propagnda |
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Term
| how to understand the relationship of person and daemon |
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Definition
daemon in this world and separating body and soul, if you have a soul you will know how to choose right from wrong or else if you dont your devil will choose for you
- comparing it to maturation |
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Term
| how child and adult constructed in Pullman's novel |
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Definition
- shown that demon is close intimate aspect of yourself
-children's demon can reflect much more in their innocence but can also be deceptive and chance
- demons settling-- you become more and more of yourself and as you grow older-- you can lose imagination so demon doeesnt change
-whole idea of childhood, creativity-- romantic idea of childhood
- whole idea of resisiting growing up as well
-reflexive of children's impulses but more of adults
-dust: different between children and adults-- images being the natural idiom of the child
-children should respect their elders and follow their leadings, they should love and honor their parents rather than rejecting them |
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Term
| how pullman's novel is subversive |
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Definition
- using subliminal christian methods that he derives from Chronicles of Narnia-- religious propoganda
- every particle of dust- breathes out its joy, dust to dust liek adam and eve
- accuse of satinism |
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Term
| how pullman relates to past constructions of childhood |
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Definition
- metaphores show how battle is taking place
- struggle over children and decision they make in peter pan
- also in alice in wonderland
-looking at writing of literature, for child btu not by or of the child
- we approach it with respect for subjectivity of child as we are not they-- try to judge or capture elusiveness of child |
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