Term
Patient preparation
NPO standards |
|
Definition
No solid food or milk for 6-8 hr
Clear liquids up to 2 hr before treatment |
|
|
Term
| Postoperative instructions |
|
Definition
Ambulatory status
Driving status
Use of other drugs
Food intake |
|
|
Term
Individual Benzodiazepines
3 |
|
Definition
Diazepam
Lorazepam
Triazolam |
|
|
Term
Diazepam (Valium)
primary therapuetic uses |
|
Definition
| anxiety disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal, muscle relaxant, preoperative sedation, recurrent seizures |
|
|
Term
| Diazepam (Valium)Adverse effects: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diazepam (Valium) Precautions |
|
Definition
| myasthenia gravis, pulmonary disease, narrow-angle glaucoma, C-IV controlled substance, pregnancy category D 4 seizures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| injection: 5 mg/mL in 1, 2, and 10 mg vials, 2 mL amps, and 2 mL syringes; tablets: 2, 5, and 10 mg; capsules (sustained release): 15 mg; solution: 5 mg/mL and 5 mg/5 mL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 10 (2-15) mg 30 min before bedtime or 1 hr before treatment |
|
|
Term
| Diazepam Clinical duration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use with history of previous success |
|
|
Term
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Primary therapeutic uses |
|
Definition
| anxiety disorders, preoperative sedation |
|
|
Term
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Adverse effects 2 |
|
Definition
| CNS depression, amnesia memory |
|
|
Term
Lorazepam (Ativan)Precautions
\pregancy category |
|
Definition
| myasthenia gravis, pulmonary disease, narrow-angle glaucoma, C-IV controlled substance, pregnancy category D |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dosage forms: injection: 2 and 4 mg/mL in 1 and 10 mL vials and 1 mL Tubex; tablets: 0.5 , 1, and 2 mg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 (1-4) mg 1 hr before bedtime or 2 hr before treatment |
|
|
Term
| Lorazepam Clinical duration |
|
Definition
| 6 hr slower onset, long procedures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Recommendation: use for prolonged procedures or when treatment is delayed |
|
|
Term
| Triazolam (Halcion)Primary therapeutic uses: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Triazolam (Halcion) Adverse effects: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Triazolam (Halcion)Precautions |
|
Definition
| myasthenia gravis, pulmonary disease, narrow-angle glaucoma, C-IV controlled substance, pregnancy category X |
|
|
Term
Triazolam (Halcion)
Dosage forms: sometimes give_____
Directions:
Clinical duration:
Recommendation: |
|
Definition
Dosage forms: tablets: 0.125 and 0.25 sublingually
Directions: 0.25 (0.125-0.5) mg 30 min before bedtime or 45 min before treatment
Clinical duration: 2 hr
Recommendation: use for insomnia and short cases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Zolpidem Tartrate (Ambien)
primary therpeutic use
adverse effects
precasutions
dosage forms |
|
Definition
Primary therapeutic use: insomnia
Adverse effects: CNS depression
Precautions: hepatic function impairment, new drug (pregnancy category B)
Dosage forms: tablets: 5 and 10 mg |
|
|
Term
| vZolpidem (Ambien) direction duration reccommendation |
|
Definition
Directions: 10 (5-20) mg immediately before bedtime or 20 min before treatment
Clinical duration: 2 hr
Recommendation: use when rapid effect is desired
of choice for pregnancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Chloral hydrate
tx use
adverse
preacutions |
|
Definition
Primary therapeutic uses: insomnia, preoperative sedation, acute alcohol withdrawal
Adverse effects: CNS depression, mucosal irritation, nausea and vomiting, sensitize heart to epi
Precautions: GI ulceration; certain porphyrias, C-IV controlled substance, oral anticoagulants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chloral hydrate duratoin, reccomandation |
|
Definition
Clinical duration: 3 hr
Recommendation: use safer agents as lethal blood concentrations encompass the therapeutic range |
|
|
Term
ethanol
tx use
advers
precautions |
|
Definition
Primary therapeutic uses: methanol intoxication, drug vehicle, rubefacient, antiseptic, nerve destruction
Adverse effects: CNS depression, mucosal irritation, nausea and vomiting
Precautions: GI ulceration |
|
|
Term
ethanol
dosage...
directions...
duration....
recommednation... |
|
Definition
Dosage forms: various
Directions: 1-2 glasses of wine 15 min before treatment
Clinical duration: 45 min
Recommendation: may use in patients aversive to “drugs” |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antihistamine
Modest antianxiety effect at low doses
Low toxicity used alone |
|
|
Term
Hydroxyzine (Atarax, Vistaril)
tx uses
adverse
precautions
directions
duration
Recommendation |
|
Definition
Primary therapeutic uses: anxiety disorders, preoperative sedation, allergic reactions, acute alcohol withdrawal, opioid adjunct
Adverse effects: CNS depression (mild), antimuscarinic effects (weak)
Precautions: pregnancy, use IM route only for injection
1hr before tx
4hr
Recommendation: may use in patients with previous success or for antiemetic/antihistaminic properties |
|
|
Term
state law
certificate required if |
|
Definition
Special oral sedation certificate is required if:
Used in children under 13 yr
Used in adults beyond MRD |
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