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Clinical Seminar
Mandatory Pass Test Flashcards
190
Medical
Undergraduate 2
07/27/2011

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Term
structure a is the
Definition
spinous process
Term
structure b is the
Definition
lamina
Term
structure c is the
Definition
pedicle
Term
structure f is the
Definition
transverse process
Term
oblique c spine structure b is the
Definition
intervertebral foramen
Term
structure c is the
Definition
pedicle
Term
lateral hip IS projection structure e
Definition
lesser trochanter
Term
structure f
Definition
greater trochanter
Term
structure g
Definition
ischial tuberosity
Term
AP knee structure b
Definition
lateral epicondyle
Term
structure d
Definition
lateral condyle
Term
structure e
Definition
tibial plateau
Term
structure g
Definition
medial condyle
Term
PA right hand structure a
Definition
first carpometacarpal joint
Term
structure g
Definition
second metacarpophalangeal joint
Term
structure i
Definition
second proximal interphalangeal joint
Term
structure k
Definition
second distal interphalangeal joint
Term
structure a PA wrist
Definition
scaphoid
Term
structure b
Definition
lunate
Term
structure c
Definition
triquetral
Term
structure d
Definition
pisiform
Term
structure e
Definition
trapezium
Term
structure f
Definition
trapezoid
Term
structure g
Definition
capitate
Term
structure h
Definition
hamate
Term
AP shoulder external structure b
Definition
greater tubercle
Term
structure d
Definition
lesser tubercle
Term
structure e
Definition
anatomic neck
Term
structure f
Definition
surgical neck
Term
oblique right foot structure g
Definition
second or intermediate cuneiform
Term
structure h
Definition
navicular
Term
structure i
Definition
talus
Term
structure j
Definition
tuberosity of the calcaneus
Term
structure k
Definition
cuboid
Term
structure m
Definition
fifth metatarsophalangeal joint
Term
ap elbow structure a
Definition
medial epicondyle
Term
structure d
Definition
radial head
Term
structure e
Definition
capitulum
Term
structure h
Definition
olecranon process
Term
the smallest particle of a compound that retains the characteristics of the compound is a
Definition
molecule
Term
which of the following does not belong in the definition of matter
Definition
travels at the speed of light
Term
which set of exposure factors will produce the greatest density
Definition
highest mas and kvp 300 mas 90 kvp
Term
which set of exposure factors will produce the greatest density
Definition
highest mas and kvp 160 man 90 kvp
Term
the components of a grod are
Definition
Pb strips and Al interspacers
Term
what is the purpose of a grid
Definition
to remove scatter radiation from the remnant beam
Term
of the following substances that make up the human body, which list best places them in increasing order of density
Definition
air fat water muscle bone tooth enamel
Term
if it is necessary to reduce rad. density by half and it is not possible to do so by changing mas the rad. tech may
Definition
decrease kVp by 15%
Term
if mAs is increased by four times what effect is there on the rad. contrast
Definition
decrease
Term
if SID is increased what is the effect on density
Definition
decrease
Term
if oid is decreased what is the effect on recorded detail
Definition
increase
Term
is kVp is increased what happens to rad. contrast
Definition
decrease
Term
in a conversion from nongrid to a 12:1 grid what happens to rad contrast
Definition
increase
Term
if SID is decreased from 60 in to 30 in. what happens to magnification
Definition
increase
Term
if kVp is decreased what happens to recorded detail
Definition
no appreciable effect
Term
if the film is moved from tabletop to bucky what happens to recorded detail
Definition
decrease
Term
if there is a decrease in SOD what happens to recorded detail
Definition
decrease
Term
if collimation is severely tightened what happens to rad. density
Definition
decrease
Term
if a cylinder cone is added what effect is there on rad contrast
Definition
increase
Term
if the F.S is changed from large to small, what happens to rad density
Definition
no appreciable effect
Term
if kVp is changed when using an AEC what happens to rad. density
Definition
no appreciable effect
Term
the carpal bones are arranged in two rows as follows
Definition
proximal- scaphoid lunate triquetral pisiform
distal- trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate
Term
the prominent point of the elbow is called the
Definition
olecranon part of the ulna
Term
imaging of what pathology would require rad. of the C spine
Definition
jefferson's fracture
Term
pathology of the hand
Definition
boxer's fx
Term
pathology of the distal forearm
Definition
colle's fx
Term
pathology of the feet
Definition
talipes
Term
pathology of the entire spine
Definition
ankylosing spondylitis
Term
hand diagram- structure i
Definition
distal interphalangeal joint
Term
ii
Definition
metacarpophalangeal joint
Term
III
Definition
ulna
Term
IV
Definition
capitate
Term
V
Definition
trapezium
Term
VI
Definition
triquetrum
Term
AP elbow diagram structure I
Definition
radial head
Term
II
Definition
Coronoid fossa
Term
III
Definition
lateral epicondyle
Term
IV
Definition
trochlea
Term
V
Definition
medial epicondyle
Term
Vertebral body diagram I
Definition
lamina
Term
II
Definition
pedicle
Term
III
Definition
spinous process
Term
IV
Definition
superior articular process
Term
V
Definition
inferior articular process
Term
Forearm diagram I
Definition
Tuberosity
Term
II
Definition
lateral condyle
Term
III
Definition
intercondylar eminence
Term
IV
Definition
Medial condyle
Term
shoulder girdle diagram- I
Definition
axillary border
Term
II
Definition
acromion
Term
III
Definition
vertebral border
Term
IV
Definition
scapular notch
Term
V
Definition
glenoid fossa
Term
VI
Definition
coracoid process
Term
radiograph picture
Definition
radiograph is acceptable
Term
scotty dog diagram I
Definition
superior articular process
Term
II
Definition
lamina
Term
III
Definition
transverse process
Term
IV
Definition
pars interarticularis
Term
V
Definition
pedicle
Term
the lateral transthoracic humerus, oblique sternum, and lateral thoracic spine may be imaged best by using a technique called
Definition
automography
Term
a patient unable to supinate the hand for an AP projection of the forearm
Definition
probably has a fx of the radial head and must be handled carefully
Term
when a PA axial projection of the clavicle is performed, the central ray should be angled
Definition
25 to 30 degrees caudad
Term
when a lateral projection of the knee is performed, the knee should be
Definition
flexed 20 to 30 degrees
Term
when a tangential projection of the patella is performed with the patient prone, the central ray should be angled
Definition
45 degrees cephalad
Term
use of which of the following would provide an improved image of the femur
Definition
anode heel effect
Term
when an ap projection of the hip is performed the central ray is directed
Definition
perpendicular to a point 2 inches medial to the ASIS at the level of the superior margin of the greater trochanter
Term
when the AP oblique projection is performed for the cervical vertebrae the central ray is directed
Definition
15 to 20 degrees cephalad
Term
the the ap oblique is performed for the lumbar vertebrae the side of interest is
Definition
closest to the film
Term
when the pa oblique projection for the SI joints is performed the side of interest is
Definition
closest to the film
Term
routine chest radiography is performed
Definition
at the end of the second full inspiration
Term
the primary purpose of performing the oblique projections of the ribs is
Definition
to image the axillary portion of the ribs
Term
the amount of darkness on a radiograph
Definition
density
Term
the image in the emulsion of a film before processing
Definition
latent image
Term
original technique of 20 mas and 80 kvp which of the following will produce a radiograph with double the density
Definition
40 mas and 80 kvp
Term
distance and density are governed by what law or rule
Definition
inverse square law
Term
exposure factors that will produce the best recorded detail
Definition
all would produce equal
Term
highest contrast exposure factors
Definition
60 mas 80 kvp- lowest kvp
Term
most magnification
Definition
120 mas- highest mas shortest sid
Term
which is true
Definition
high kVp= low contrast= long scale contrast; many gray tones
Term
true statement
Definition
when kVp is decreased there is an increase in the number of photoelectric interactions that occur
Term
differential absorption of the xray beam produces
Definition
subject contrast
Term
beam restriction has the following effect on contrast
Definition
increases contrast
Term
an enlargement at the end of a bone is called a
Definition
head
Term
a rounded projection of a moderate size is called a
Definition
tubercle
Term
a spine describes a
Definition
sharp prominence
Term
a pit is described as a
Definition
fossa
Term
a furrow is described as a
Definition
groove
Term
synovial joints are called
Definition
diathroses
Term
fibrous joints are called
Definition
synarthroses
Term
the radiocarpal joint has what type of movement
Definition
condyloid
Term
the proximal radioulnar articulation has what type of movement
Definition
pivot
Term
five fused segments- bone
Definition
sacrum
Term
bone with a dens
Definition
axis
Term
larger, heavier vertebrae
Definition
lumbar
Term
eleventh and twelfth pairs of ribs
Definition
floating
Term
blunt cartilaginous tip of the sternum
Definition
xiphoid
Term
between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus is (are) located the
Definition
bicipital groove
Term
below the tubercles of the humerus are/is the
Definition
surgical neck
Term
part of the humerus that articulates with the ulna
Definition
trochlea
Term
bone in the wrist between the lunate and the pisiform
Definition
triquetrum
Term
bone distributes body weight from the tibia to the other tarsal bones
Definition
talus
Term
bone lies along the lateral border of the navicular bone
Definition
cuboid
Term
articulates with the first second and third metatarsal bones
Definition
cuneiforms
Term
superior inferior and middle lobes
Definition
right lung
Term
approx 12 cm long and is located in front of the esophagus
Definition
trachea
Term
the narrow distal end of the stomach that connects with the small intestine is called the
Definition
pylorus
Term
the section of the stomach where the esophagus enters is called the
Definition
cardiac portion
Term
the lateral surface of the stomach
Definition
greater curvature
Term
portion of the colon located between the splenic flexure and the sigmoid portion is called the
Definition
descending
Term
portion of the small bowel that connects with the cecum is called
Definition
ileum
Term
bone in the wrist between trapezoid and the hamate
Definition
capitate
Term
the portion of the small bowel that connects with the stomach is called the
Definition
duodenum
Term
for radiography of the fingers, the central ray enters
Definition
perpendicular to the proximal interphalangeal joint
Term
for a PA projection of the hand the CR is centered
Definition
perpendicular to the third metacarpophalangeal joint
Term
for a lateral projetion of the wrist, the elbow must be flexed
Definition
90 degrees
Term
for a PA axial projection of the clavicle, the CR is angled
Definition
25 to 30 caudad
Term
for an AP projection of the toes the cr enters at the
Definition
third metatarsophalangeal joint
Term
for an AP projection of the foot the CR enters at the
Definition
base of the third metatarsal
Term
for an axial projection of the calcaneus the CR is angled how many degrees?
Definition
40
Term
for an AP projection of the ankle the CR is directed perpendicular to the
Definition
ankle joint, midways between malleoli
Term
for an AP projection of the knee the CR is angled
Definition
5-7 degrees cephalad
Term
for an AP projection of the cervical spine the CR is directed
Definition
15-20 degrees cephalad
Term
for a lateral projection of the C spine the CR is directed
Definition
perpend. to C4
Term
for an AP projection of the T spine the cr is directed
Definition
perpen to T7
Term
for an AP oblique projection of the SI joints the CR is directed
Definition
1 inch medial to the elevated ASIS
Term
for the PA projection of the chest the CR is directed
Definition
perpend to T7
Term
for the AP projection of the lower ribs the CR is directed
Definition
perpend to T12
Term
violations of civil law are known as
Definition
torts
Term
unjustified restraint of a patient defines
Definition
false imprisonment
Term
tachycardia indicates a pulse of
Definition
more than 100 bpm
Term
some level of hypertension is indicated when diastolic pressure is
Definition
greater than 90
Term
when oxygen is administered to the patient the usual flow rate is
Definition
3-5 L per minute
Term
this item is used to clear an obstructed airway
Definition
suction unit
Term
this item is used to restore the heart to normal rhythm
Definition
defibrillator
Term
the type of shock that is caused by a severe allergic reaction
Definition
anaphylactic shock
Term
item that is used to feed the patient or to suction gastric contents is the
Definition
nasogastric tube
Term
item that must never be placed above the level of the bladder
Definition
urinary catheter
Term
a mechanical respirator is called a
Definition
ventilator
Term
barium sulfate should be mixed with water at what temperate for a barium enema
Definition
100 degrees F
Term
positive contrast agent administered to the patient in the form of an inert salt is
Definition
barium sulfate
Term
not a life threatening emergency, most appropriate action to take
Definition
give patient a basin, tend to patient's safety and comfort, and wait a few minutes
Term
not a life threatening action, patient feels sick, least appropriate action
Definition
leave the patient and come back later
Term
factors that may cause the patient to react to a contrast agent simply as a result of anxiety are termed
Definition
psychogenic
Term
a reaction that may occur in the vein in which the injection occurred is
Definition
phlebitis
Term
type of infection transmission occurs when an animal contains and transmits an infectious organism to humans
Definition
vectorborne transmission
Term
this type of infection transmission occurs as a result of coughing or sneezing
Definition
droplet transmission
Term
type of infection transmission occurs when an infected person or contaminated object touches a host
Definition
contact transmission
Term
complete removal of all organisms from equipment and the environment in which patient care is conducted
Definition
medical asepsis
Term
word part that means organ is
Definition
viscer
Term
word part kidney is
Definition
nephr
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