Term
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Definition
| Conduct disorder = persistent pattern of behaviour in which the rights of others and age appropriate norms are violated |
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Term
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Definition
| ADHD and Conduct Problems are highly correlated but separate. Half ADHD have CD and vice versa |
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Term
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Definition
| Genetics on Conduct disorder - mixed findings |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Neuropsychological in Conduct Disorder |
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Definition
| Deficits in verbal and executive function |
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Term
| Neuropsychological in ADHD (Tannok 1998) |
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Definition
| frontal-striatal networks, neurotransmitter abnormalities especially dopamine |
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Term
| Webster-Stratton and Dahl 1995 |
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Definition
| Cognitive problems in CD, e.g. social problem solving |
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Term
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Definition
| Deficits in behavioural inhibition in ADHD |
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Term
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Definition
| Criminality is an outcome of ADHD hyperactive-impulsive type |
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Term
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Definition
| Model of outcome, early attentional problems leads to poor later academic achievement, early conduct problems leads to late antisocial behaviour |
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Term
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Definition
| Short term studies (less than 3 months) on psychostimulants show that there's 70% response to stimulant |
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Term
| Gillberg et al 1997, Abikoff et al 2004 |
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Definition
| Long term studies of psychostimulants for ADHD show persistent positive effects |
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Term
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Definition
| poor outcome for ADHD for cognitive retraining |
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Term
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Definition
| some improvement in skills but poor generalisation of social skills/anger training for ADHD |
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Term
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Definition
| school-based intervention leads to increased concentation levels |
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Term
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Definition
| school based intervention leads to better organisational skills and fewer inattention problems when combined with parent training |
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Term
| Van Hoofdakker et al 2007 |
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Definition
| Behavioural training shown to be useful in reducing behavioural and internalizing problems in ADHD |
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Term
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Definition
| up to two thirds of families benefit from behavioural parent training before adolescence, less than one third of parents of adolescents. (ADHD) |
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Term
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Definition
| NIMH multi-model treatment study, found combined meds and behavioural treatment best at reducing oppositional/aggressive symptoms in ADHD, but at long term follow up the differences had narrowed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Strong genetic component for panic disorder, shown by twin studies. Shared environment equally similar and equally dissimilar. |
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Term
| Biological triggers for Panic |
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Definition
| Yohimbine, Caffeine, Carbon dioxide, soduim lactate |
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Term
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Definition
| Cycle for panic disorder: trigger stimulus (internal or external) -> perceived threat, apprehension, bodily sensations and catastrophic misinterpretation in a loop. |
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Term
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Definition
| modified stroop task, four different sheets of words. Panic p's showed more interference for all threat words, particularly catastrophe threat words. controls also slowed down by these words, but not as much. |
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Term
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Definition
| Panic disorders compared to social phobics and controls in their interpretations of ambiguous scenarios. Panic disorder p's endorse more negative interpretations of internal stimuli. This reduced after successful treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
| false heart-rate feedback, panic disorder p's showed greater increases in anxiety (physical and psychological) in response to false heart rate information |
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Term
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Definition
| reading out pairs of words intended to activate catastrophic misinterpretations, triggered panic in 80% panic disorder p's. |
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Term
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Definition
| Give p's the perception of control over how much carbon dioxide they breath in, they panic less. Altering cognitions can stop the biological affect |
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Term
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Definition
| safety behaviours provide a meaningful link between cognitions and behaviours for Panic Disorder patients |
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Term
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Definition
| exposure therapy for panic disorder with agoraphobia is enhanced if patients also drop safety behaviours |
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