Term
| single most important aspect of the exam |
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Definition
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Term
| "Don't cal(l)" acronym for Hx of chief complaint |
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Definition
D - duration
O - onset
N - nature of pain/injury
T - treatment done by pt
C - course
A - aggravating factors
L - location |
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Term
| important question for PSHX |
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Definition
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Term
| associated with a wide pulse pressure (>60 mm Hg) |
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Definition
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Term
| causes for delay in subpapillary venous plexus filling time (SVPFT) |
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Definition
| vasospasm or structural change |
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Term
| systemic diseases causing pitting edema |
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Definition
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Term
| systemic diseases causing non-pitting edema |
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Definition
| liver and kidney problems - lack of protein in exudate |
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Term
| non-palpable lesion, less than .5 cm |
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Definition
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Term
| non-palpable lesion, greater than .5 cm |
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Definition
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Term
| palpable, solid lesion, less than .5 cm |
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Definition
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Term
| palpable, solid lesion, .5 to 1 cm |
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Definition
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Term
| palpable, solid lesion, greater than 1 cm |
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Definition
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Term
| palpable, solid lesion, greater than .5 cm with a flat elevated surface formed by coalescence of papules |
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Definition
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Term
| clear, fluid filled lesion, less than .5 cm |
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Definition
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Term
| clear, fluid filled lesion, greater than .5 cm |
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Definition
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Term
| cloudy, pus filled lesion, less than .5 cm |
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Definition
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Term
| cloudy, pus filled lesion, greater than .5 cm |
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Definition
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Term
| erosion, crust, scale, fissure, ulcer, lichenification, atrophy, excoriation, scar, keloid |
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Definition
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Term
| two courses for sensory impulses after entry into the dorsal spinal cord |
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Definition
| posterior column or lateral spinothalamic tract |
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Term
small fiber tract
C-fibers and A-delta fibers
sharp and dull pain (nociceptive), temperature and crude touch
burning and cramping |
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Definition
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Term
large fiber tract
A-alpha fibers
position, vibration and fine touch
pins and needles and electric shock |
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Definition
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Term
| abnormal SW monofilament test |
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Definition
| inability to detect pressure in more than 3 areas |
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Term
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Definition
128 cycle/sec tuning fork over the IPJ of the hallux
loss of vibration in <10 seconds is abnormal |
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Term
| objective measures of sensory nerve function |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a technique involving isometric contraction of other muscles that may increase reflex activity |
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Term
| Deep reflexes are dependent upon.... |
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Definition
an intact sensory nerve
a functional synapse in the spinal cord
an intact motor nerve fiber
a neuromuscular junction
a competent muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates upper motor neuron disease |
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Term
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Definition
lower motor neuron disease
peripheral neuropathy |
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Term
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Definition
| may be impaired in lesions of the sensory cortex or posterior column |
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Term
| may reveal early loss in the feet |
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Definition
| changes in the extensor digitorum brevis |
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Term
| occurs in more severe neuropathies |
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Definition
| ankle dorsiflexion weakness |
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Term
| evident in only the most severe cases of neuropathy |
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Definition
| ankle plantarflexion weakness |
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Term
| patient is able to stand on tiptoes but not on heels |
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Definition
| suggest peripheral neuropathy |
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Term
| patient is able to stand on heels but not on tiptoes |
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Definition
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Term
| geared towards an orthopedic physical examination |
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Definition
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Term
| important question for prenatal Hx |
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Definition
| was the mother aware of fetal movements beginning in the 4th month of pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| hand preference before the age of 2 |
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Definition
| could signify a neuromuscular problem |
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Term
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Definition
lift head - 3 months
control head position while sitting - 6 months
crawls - 6 months
pulls self to stand - 9 months
walks - 14 months
ascends stairs with 2 hand support - 18 months
run forward - 2 years
pedal tricycle - 3 years
balance or hop on one foot - 4 years
heel-toe walk - 5 years
skip one foot at a time - 6 years |
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Term
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Definition
| used for return visits for established patients |
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Term
| order for a specific med for a specific pt at a particular time |
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Definition
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Term
| Composition of the prescription order (SISSY) |
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Definition
S - superscription
I - inscription
S - subscription
S - signa
Y - your signature |
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Term
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Definition
| directions to the patient |
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Term
| may be renewed not more than 5 times within six months |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
high potential for abuse with no currently accepted medical use in the U.S.
not available with a prescription
may be obtained for research |
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Definition
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Term
high abuse potential with severe psychological or physical dependence
opioids, amphetamines, sedatives, codeine, sulfate, codeine, phosphate, oxycodone Hcl, Ritalin, Amytal, Nembutal |
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Definition
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Term
Less potential for abuse
low or moderate physical dependence or high pychological dependence
Tylenol w/codeine, cough medicines containing hydrocodone, anabolic steroids |
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Definition
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Term
limited physical or psychological dependence
valium |
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Definition
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Term
potential for abuse is low
codeine-containing cough mixtures
some may be dispensed without a prescription |
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Definition
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Term
| drugs for which the prescriber must provide a written prescription to the pharmacist |
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Definition
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Term
| most common drugs implicated in adverse events |
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Definition
amoxicillin
aspirin
bactrim
vicodin
ibuprofen
acetaminophen
cephalexin
penicillin |
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Term
| most commonly mishandled drugs leading to errors by physicians |
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Definition
morphine
vancomycin
cefazolin
acetaminophen |
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Term
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Definition
CBC (lavender topped)
metabolic profile (red topped) |
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Term
| Comprehensive metabolic panel |
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Definition
| basic metabolic profile, plus liver profile |
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Term
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Definition
increased - dehydration, renal failure, cardiac failure
decreased- vomiting, diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
3.5-5.0 meq/L
decreased - increased renal excretion
low values can trigger arrhythmias |
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Term
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Definition
9-24 mg/dL
increased - renal failure, dehydration |
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Term
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Definition
0.7-1.4 mg/dL
increased - renal failure |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
8.5-10.5 mg/dL
increased - primary hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophy, bony metastases |
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Term
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Definition
| increased - under 20 years of age, increased bone production (Paget's disease, healing fractures, osteoblastic bone tumors or mets, hyperparathyroidism) |
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Term
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Definition
produced only by the liver
increased - hepatocellular damage |
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Term
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Definition
produced in liver, cardiac and smooth muscle, kidney, brain, pancreas, lung, WBC, RBC
increased - hepatocellular damage |
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Term
| ALT and AST levels twice the baseline |
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Definition
| ALT and AST levels that cause concern |
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Term
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Definition
| increased - hemolytic anemias, Gilbert's disease |
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Term
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Definition
3.5-5.0 gm/dL
sometimes used along with total lymphocyte count as predictors of healing in diabetics
chances of healing increase if levels are greater than 3.0 |
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Term
| Glucose + in chemical urinalysis |
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Definition
| when serum level exceeds 1700 mg/dL |
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Term
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Definition
blood- negative
nitrite - negative (suggests bacterial action)
leukocyte alkaline esterase - detects PMNs |
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Term
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Definition
RBCs : 1-2/hpf
WBCs : > 10/mm^3 suggests UTI |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
cholestatic disease
augmentin, oral hypoglycemics, EES |
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Term
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Definition
divide male age by 2
divide female age _ 10 years by 2
increased - infection, inflamation
>70 in presence of infection is suggestive of osteomyelitis
highest levels seen in PMR |
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Term
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Definition
<0.8 mg/dL
increased - infection, inflammation, cardiac marker
>3.2 with an ulcer >3.0 mm in depth suggests osteomyelitis
unlike ESR (sed rate) it increases rapidly |
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Term
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Definition
| >80 IU strongly suggests active RA |
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Term
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Definition
5% of healthy persons have a positive test result - positive predictive screening value of 1%
negative test excludes Dx of SLE
can be positive in rheumatic diseases |
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Term
| titer at which ANA is believed to show clinical significance |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
goal is <6/4 mg
increased - gout, renal failure, leukemias, lymphomas, metastatic CA, thiazides, salicylates |
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Term
| CPK (creatine phosphokinase |
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Definition
| increased - skeletal muscle, exercise, IM injections |
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Term
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Definition
| increased in skeletal muscle disease |
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Term
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Definition
13 seconds, INR 1.0
used to monito coumadin therapy (usually an INR of 1.5-2.0) |
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Term
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Definition
27-35 seconds
used to monitor heparin therapy (usually at 60-90 seconds) |
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Term
| most requested tests for podiatrists |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
measures long-term control (90 days) of blood glucose
<7.0 |
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Term
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Definition
| blood glucose = (33.3 x HbA1c) - 86 |
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Term
| slide test with KOH (10-20%) |
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Definition
| identifies dermatophytes on skin or nail scraping |
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Term
| Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) |
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Definition
| poorly understood, chronic inflammatory neuropathic pain disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| usually occurs after trauma |
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Term
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Definition
may develop after trauma without definable nerve damage
most common form
"reflex sympathetic dystrophy" |
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Term
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Definition
"Causalgia"
same presentation but there is identifiable nerve injury (nerve injury is not complete) |
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Term
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Definition
| new category for patients with <3 symptoms or <2 sign categories whose SSx best explained by CRPS |
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Term
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Definition
pain out of proportion
allodynia and hyperesthesia
pain doesn't follow dermatome and can spread beyond area of injury
pain described as severe and burning, throbbing or aching |
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Term
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Definition
skin warm, red and dry, then may become blue and cold
may have hyperhydrosis
edema
severe pain with allodynia and hyperalgesia |
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Term
| CRPS stage II - dystrophic |
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Definition
pain becomes more severe and diffuse
edema becomes more hardened and limb can appear brawny
hair and nail changes (brittle)
X-ray changes
muscle wasting begins |
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Term
| CRPS stage III - atrophic |
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Definition
pain may start decreasing but motor and trophic changes increase
tissue wasting occurs and can become permanent |
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Term
| diagnostic sympathetic ganglion block |
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Definition
| useful for purely sympathetically mediated disease |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 1st line, short term treatment for CRPS |
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Definition
| corticosteroids (not recommended for use over 1 month) |
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Term
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Definition
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