Term
| There are two types of movement disorders, name them and give examples |
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Definition
Hypokinetic disorders like Parkinson's
Hyperkinetic disorders like Choreaform |
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Term
| In Parkinson's disease there is a depigmentation of the |
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Definition
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Term
| Destruction of the substantia nigra leads to what in parkinsons molecular characteristics |
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Definition
| Decrease of dopamergic neurons and a loss of dopamine |
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Term
| What are the clinical findings of Parkinsons |
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Definition
T-R-A-P
Tremor
Rigidity: Short step, source of great disability
Akinesa/Bradykinesia: No movement/slow
Postulal Instability: Flex body posture |
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Term
| Why is levodopa given to treat Parkinsons? |
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Definition
| It can cross the BBB and is then converted to DA |
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Term
| Levadopa can be combined w/ ______ which is a ______ ____ _________ __________ to increase the amount that enters the BBB |
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Definition
| Carbidopa inhibitor of periperhal Dopa decarboxylation |
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Term
| Sinement combines what? When is it used? |
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Definition
| Combines Levodopa and Carbidopa. It's used in older patients w/ signifcant rigidity |
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Term
| What's the problem w/ Sinemet? |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| It destroys the substantia nigra causing Parkinson like effects |
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Term
| Bromocriptin and Permax are ergos that can cause what side effects |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the problem w/ newer dopamine agonist? |
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Definition
| that can get ICD which manifest as gambling, shopping and hyper-sexuality |
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Term
| How does Anticholinergic therapy help in Alzheimers |
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Definition
| Improves the imbalance between relative dopaminergic & cholinergic levels |
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Term
| What are some side effects of anticholinergics |
|
Definition
| Drug mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision and confusion |
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Term
| symmeterel works by which mechanism? what are it's side effects |
|
Definition
Inhibits NMDA
Vivid hallucinations of little people, confusion and rash? |
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Term
| What are the mechanisms of action of Eldepryl and deprenyl |
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Definition
| Selective MAO-B inhibitor |
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Term
| COMT inhibitors block the potential degradative pathway of Dopamine leading to what and prolongs duration of ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| COMT inhibitors are used in patients w/ |
|
Definition
| motor flucuations and end of the dose failure |
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Term
| If a person is peeing out orange urine, what Parkinson drug have they been taking |
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Definition
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Term
| Benign essential tumors start in what decade? How does it present? |
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Definition
Start in the 2nd decade and presents w/ a tremor w/ action or intention like holding a glass of water.
Tremor increases w/ stress and caffinee and decreases w/ ALOH |
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Term
| How do you tell the difference between PD and Benign Essential tumor |
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Definition
| PD features such as rigidity or abnormal gait |
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Term
| How do you treat essential benign tumor |
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Definition
| non-selective beta blocks, barbiturates and benzodiazepine |
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Term
| Name the hyperkinetic syndromes |
|
Definition
1. Tourettes syndrome
2. Huntingtons Chorea
3. Spasmodic torticollis
4. Hysterical movement disorders |
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Term
| What's the clinical presentation of Tourettes syndrome? |
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Definition
Involuntary movements of the face, shoulders and arms
Involuntary vocalizations may occur |
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Term
| Are obsessive compulsive tendencies common w/ tourettes? |
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Definition
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Term
| When does tourettes syndrome begin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tourettes syndrome can be exacerbated by |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What drugs are used in tourettes |
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Definition
| Neuroleptics such as Haldol and benzodiazepine |
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Term
| Huntingtons chorea is a autosomal _______ disorder and is due to what? |
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Definition
| Autosomal dominant and is due to CAG repeats on chromosome 4 |
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Term
| How does Hungintons chorea present? |
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Definition
| Personality change, depression, dementia and choreaform movement in the 3rd and 4th decade |
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Term
| Huntingtons has a ____ ____ tremor |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Spasmodic Torticollis |
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Definition
| Involuntary twisting of the head to one side, may be painful and disabling |
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Term
| People w/ Spasmodic Torticollis respond well to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Spasmodic Torticollis is more common in? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hysterical movement disorder are more likely to appear in |
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Definition
| Patients that have a prior psychiatric history |
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