Term
| What are the two types of siezure patterns |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe a simple seizure |
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Definition
Most common in order children and adults Localized to a single limb (twich) Odor and taste symptoms most common |
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Term
| Describe a complex seizure |
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Definition
Dailey episdoes of impaired consciousness like amnesia or unresonsiveness for 1-2 min can have mumbled speech & chewing movements |
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Term
| What are the 3 type of generalized seizures |
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Definition
1. Absence "Petit mal" 2. Tonic-clonic "grand mal" 3. Infantile spasms |
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Term
| When do absence seizures begin |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe a generalized seizure |
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Definition
50-100x/day short loosing of consciousness w/ minor muscle twiching and no postural control |
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Term
| What age does Tonic-clonic occur |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe a tonic-clonic seizure |
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Definition
| Patient falls to the ground unconscious w/ muscles in a state of spasm; this is replaced by a clonic phase "convulsive jerking of the body" |
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Term
| When does Infantile spasms begin |
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Definition
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Term
| How would an infant look if they were having infantile spasms |
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Definition
| Flexor spasm of the extremities & trunks |
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Term
| what's the MOA of Phenobarbital |
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Definition
| Blocks voltage gated dependent sodium channels and facilitates inhibitor actions of GABA |
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Term
| For what seizures would you use Phenobarbital |
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Definition
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Term
| Phenobarbital is inducer of ______ which is an adverse effect |
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Definition
| Liver microsomal enzyme activity |
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Term
| What's the mechanism of action for Phenytoin |
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Definition
| Blocks voltage dependent sodium channels |
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Term
| What kind of seizures can you use Phenytoin for |
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Definition
| All of them except absence |
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Term
| Name the adverse effects for Phenytoin |
|
Definition
Gingival hyperplasia
Nystagmus
Depress folic acid
Excessive hairness |
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Term
| Fosphenytoin differs from phenytoin how? |
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Definition
| Phosphate ester making it more water soluble and is converted to phenytonin by blood phosphate |
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Term
| what's the MOA for Carbamazepine |
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Definition
| blocks voltage gated dependent sodium channels |
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Term
| When would you use carbamezepine? what are it's adverse effects |
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Definition
All seizures except absense
double vission, dizziness, ataxia |
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Term
| Ethosuximide would by which mechanism |
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Definition
| Reduces voltage dependent calcium conductance in thalamic neurons |
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Term
| Ethosuximide is the number one choice for |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the adverse effects of Ethosuximide |
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Definition
| Dizziness, Ataxia and Nausea |
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Term
| Valproic acid blocks ______ channels and increases what? |
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Definition
| sodium channels and increases levels of GABA |
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Term
| Valproic acid is the number 2 choice for what? what are it's adverse reactions |
|
Definition
absence seizures
Liver failure, pancreatitis |
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Term
| Clonzaepam facilitates binding of _____ to its receptors |
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Definition
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Term
| Clonazepam is the number 3 choice for |
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Definition
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Term
| Gabapentin blocks what kind of channels |
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Definition
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Term
| gabapentin is used as an addon for |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are the side effects of gabapentin |
|
Definition
| dizziness, ataxia and GI upset |
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Term
| Lamotrigine/Topiramate blocks what kind of channels? |
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Definition
| voltage sensitive sodium and calcium channels |
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Term
| Lamotrigine/Topiramate is a addon for what kind of seizures in what age group |
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Definition
| parital seizures in adults and children over two |
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Term
| What are the adverse effects of Lamotrigine and topiramate |
|
Definition
Dizziness, ataxia
Rash for lamotrigine
Weight loss and drowsiness for topiramate |
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Term
| How does pregabline reduce excitatory NT release |
|
Definition
| voltage gated calcium channels |
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Term
| When would you use Pregabline |
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Definition
| Add on for parital seizures in adults and children over 2 |
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Term
| What is Status Epilepticus |
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Definition
| Seizures that are repated so frequently or prolonged that they create a fixed and continuted epiletpic conditoin |
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Term
| How would you treat status epilepticus |
|
Definition
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