Term
| What are the 4 kinds of brain bleeds? |
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Definition
Subdural Subarachnoid Epidural Intracerebral |
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Term
| What are the two kinds of head injury |
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Definition
| Open head and closed head injury |
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Term
| What is a open head injury? |
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Definition
| Breach of the skull like a gunshot wound |
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Term
| Describe a close head injury |
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Definition
| It's a brain injury due to accleration/decelaeration of the head at velocity > 25 mph, the skull is not breached |
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Term
| Name the 4 types of brain injuries |
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Definition
1. Contusion
2. Laceration
3. Diffuse axonal injury
4. Concussion |
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Term
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Definition
| Brusing of the brain due to impact on a hard surface of the dura and skull |
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Term
| What would you call a direct wounding of the brain |
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Definition
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Term
| How would you get a diffuse axonal injury? |
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Definition
| Acceleration/deceleration or rotational torque causes shearing of the axons |
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Term
| If you have brain injury w/out the anatomical correlates that would be |
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Definition
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Term
| A closed head injury can cause a number of clinical symptoms name some |
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Definition
1. Coma
2. Sensory and motor deficits
3. Epilespy
4. Headache
5. Sleep disturbances |
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Term
| A subdural bleed is due to which venous? Where is the bleed at? |
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Definition
| Bridging veins, the bleeds is in the subdural space |
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Term
| What's the most common cause of a subdural bleed? What age group is it most common in |
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Definition
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Term
| How does a acute subdural bleed look like in a CT Scan |
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Definition
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Term
| A subarachnoid bleed is due to which vessel? It occurs between which structures? |
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Definition
Middle Cerebral Artery (can be due to berry anuerysm) Dura mater and the brain |
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Term
| The most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage is ______. What are the other causes |
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Definition
trauma
Aneurysms and other malformations |
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Term
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Definition
| an arterial bleed from the meningeal arteries, that bleeds on to the top of the brain |
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Term
| The cause of a epidural bleed is due to trauma to what area? In what group is it more common in? |
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Definition
Parietal bone causing the middle meningeal artery to bleed.
Young people |
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Term
| If you got a lens shaped bleed on a CT Scan what kind is it? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the bleed in a intra cerebral bleed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the causes of a intra cerebral bleed? |
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Definition
| HTN, AVM, tumors, occasional trauma and brain contusion |
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Term
| What age group are intra cerebral bleeds more common in |
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Definition
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Term
| A subdural bleed can lead to ischema in that region of the brain causing _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| How would you treat a subdural bleed? |
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Definition
| If it's small leave it alone |
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Term
| What would you treat a subarchnoid bleed? |
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Definition
| if it's small do nothing, if it's large there's nothing you can do |
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Term
| What's primary brain damage? |
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Definition
| it occurs at the moment of impact/trauma, it occurs mostly in the temporal and frontal lobes |
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Term
| when does secondary brain damage occur |
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Definition
| Later after primary brain damage and may be preventable |
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Term
| If you get edema in secondary brain damage, what events follow? |
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Definition
| increase intracranial pressure leading to decrease brain perfusion and hypoxia/ischema causing hypotension, infection, seizures |
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Term
| Increased ICP interfers w/ CSF flow leading to |
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Definition
| more increase in pressure |
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Term
| Tertiary insults occur in the lesion ______ because of _____ |
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Definition
penumbra
apoptosis, the damged cells commit suicide |
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Term
| Traumatic brain injury leads to |
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Definition
| coma, morbidity related to size and location of damaged area, epilepsy |
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Term
| What's the most common form of closed head injury |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the symptoms of Post concussion syndrome |
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Definition
1. Head is most common
2. Loss of memory
3. Loss of concentration
4. Depression
5. Change of personality |
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Term
| The effects of concussions are _______ |
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Definition
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