Term
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Definition
• Alzheimer
• Vascular (multi-infarct)
• Diffuse Lewy Body
• Frontotemporal |
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Term
|
Definition
• Parkinson’s, Huntington’s
• AIDS-Dementia Complex
• CJD
• Alcohol-related
• Post-infectious
• Metabolic disorders such as B12 deficiency |
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Term
| Initial Workup (per AAN Guidelines) for dementia |
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Definition
• Evidencesupportsthefollowingtestsinthe
routine evaluation of the demented patient: • Complete blood cell count
• Serum electrolytes
• Glucose
• BUN/creatinine
• Depression screening
• Serum B12 levels
• Thyroid function tests
• Liver function tests |
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Term
| DLBD- diffuse lewy body dementia |
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Definition
Parkinsonism REMSBD Hallucination Fluctuation Neuroleptic sens
Lewy Bodies |
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Term
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Definition
Gait impairment Executive dysfunction ? Step-wise decline Cognitive slowing
Perivascular pathology |
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Term
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Definition
Executive dysfunction ? Step-wise decline Cognitive slowing
Perivascular pathology
Memory impairment Executive variant Language variant Visuospatial variant
Beta Amyloid Tau |
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Term
| FTLD- frontotemporal dementia |
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Definition
FTDbv
Personality change
PPA-> SD, PNFA, Logo
Tau TDP-43 |
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Term
| Alzheimer's disease neurons |
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Definition
Neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques.
Extracellular beta-amyloid – “Plaques”
Intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein– “Tangles” |
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Term
| Imaging in Alzheimer Dementia |
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Definition
| Hippocampal atrophy, Biparietal and posterior cingulate atrophy, Thinning of posterior corpus callosum |
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Term
|
Definition
| hypometabolism of glucose |
|
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Term
| alzheimer's PET with Florbetapir |
|
Definition
| high amyvid uptake in cortical grey matter (loss of grey-white matter contrast) |
|
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Term
| pharmacological treatment for alzheimers |
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Definition
| Cholinesterase Inhibitors, NMDA Receptor Antagonists (Memantine) |
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Term
| Vascular Dementia imaging findings |
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Definition
| cortical infarcts (strokes), leukoariosis (HTN, hyperlipedemia, diabetes), lacunar infarcts (smaller stokes in thalamus or basal ganglia) |
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Term
| Vascular Dementia: Treatment |
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Definition
| Stroke risk factor modification/treatment: antiplatelet, statin, aggressive blood pressure management |
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Term
| Diffuse Lewy Body Dementia |
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Definition
Brain Stem Lewy Bodies, Cortical Lewy Bodies
Synucleinopathy – Neuronal cytoplasmic Lewy bodies stain due to presence of synuclein protein and ubiquitin
-. And this is these Lewy bodies made up of alpha synuclein. So sometimes, people refer to this as an alpha synucleinopathy |
|
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Term
| Diffuse Lewy Body Dementia treatment |
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Definition
• Cholinesterase inhibitors may decrease psychiatric symptoms associated with DLBD – severe cholinergic deficit
• Avoid neuroleptics
• Carbidopa/Levodopa for parkinsonian symptoms, but often not effective, and may exacerbate hallucinations |
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Term
Frontotemporal Lobar
Degeneration divisions |
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Definition
| ->Frontotemporal Dementia, behavioral variant OR -> Primary Progressive Aphasia -> Semantic Dementia OR Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia |
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Term
| Frontotemporal Dementia Behavioral Variant Diagnostic Criteria |
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Definition
Possible bvFTD: Three of the following behavioral/cognitive symptoms must be present to meet criteria. These symptoms should occur repeatedly, not just as a single instance.
• Early behavioral disinhibition
• Early apathy or inertia
• Early loss of sympathy or empathy
• Early perseverative, stereotyped or compulsive/ritualistic behavior
• Hyper-orality and dietary changes
• Neuropsychological profile: executive/generation deficits with relative sparing of memory and visuospatial functions |
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Term
|
Definition
• Diagnosis of dementia based on detailed history, exam, cognitive testing, neuroimaging
• Core laboratory tests
• Accurate diagnosis critical for future medical care, proper choice of treatment modalities, patient/family education, end of life decision-making |
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