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Clinical Chemistry
Acid-Base disorders
10
Chemistry
Post-Graduate
02/08/2011

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Cards

Term

Definitions

Acidemia

Alkalemia

Definition

pHarterial < 7.40

pHarterial > 7.44

Term
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation
Definition
pH = pKa + log (base/acid)
Term
s/p RBC transfusion and ABG calculation of oxygen saturation
Definition

--> misleading

<-- tranfused RBC's - low 2,3-DPG levels

Term
Method of choice for detecting CO poisoning
Definition

Co-oximetry --> spectrophotometric device => measures absorbance of multiple wavelengths of light => oxyHgb,deoxyHgb,metHgb, COHgb

*except sulf-Hgb

Term
Anion gap calculation
Definition

Anion gap = [Na] - ([Cl] + [HCO3])

normal<12

Term
Corrected anion gap calculation
Definition

hypoalbuminemia --> mask anion gap

= [Na] - ([Cl] + [HCO3]) + 2.5(4-Albumin)

Term
Osmolal gap calculation
Definition

Osm gap = osmmeasured - (2[Na]+[Gluc]/18+BUN/2.8)

nml < 10

Term

Non anion gap acidosis

a/w?

Definition
hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
Term

Metabolic acidosis and alkalosis

pH and [HCO3] --> which direction?

Definition

same direction

acidosis --> bicarb < 25mEq/L

alkalosis--> bicarb > 25mEq/L

"M=saMe"

Term

Respiratory acidosis and alkalosis

pH and [HCO3] --> which direction?

Definition

opposite direction

acidosis --> pCO2 > 44mm Hg

alkalosis --> pCO2 < 40mm Hg

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