Term
may become contaminated
not directly involved in infectious disease transmission
does not require strict decontamination procedures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high potential for direct contamination from spray or spatter or by contact with DHCP's gloved hand |
|
Definition
| clinical contact surfaces |
|
|
Term
do not come into contact with patients or devices
limited risk of disease transmission |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clean housekeeping surfaces daily with water and detergent or EPA registered low-level disinfectant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| either use surface barriers that can be changed between patients on Clinical Contact Surfaces OR |
|
Definition
| clean then disinfect using an EPA approved low to intermediate level (tuberculocidal claim) hospital disinfectant |
|
|
Term
| not all surface barriers are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cost more than chemical wipes |
|
|
Term
| do NOT use what on environmental surfaces |
|
Definition
| sterilant or high level disinfectants |
|
|
Term
| cleaning and disinfecting can be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if visibly soiled, cleaning and disinfecting becomes |
|
Definition
| a two step process (clean, then disinfect) |
|
|
Term
concentration and nature of microorganisms
amount of accumulated bio-burden
concentration of chemical
exposure time |
|
Definition
| factors of clinical effectivness |
|
|
Term
| chemicals are not effective against |
|
Definition
| highly resistant forms (SPORES) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| do not disinfect instead! |
|
|
Term
| use an intermediate level disinfectant if |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| formulated for use in living tissues |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| used for germicides or surface disinfection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| can disinfectants and antiseptics be interchanged? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| misuse if disinfectants and antiseptics |
|
Definition
| can lead to tissue toxicity or equipment failure |
|
|
Term
immersion sterilants
sprays
wipes
environmental surface solutions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Must be registered with and have a label from EPA |
|
Definition
| requirement for use as disinfectant |
|
|
Term
| high level disinfection use |
|
Definition
| must be stated on the label |
|
|
Term
tuberculocidal claims are labeled as
"virucidal and fungicidal hospital disinfectant"
ADA seal required |
|
Definition
| intermediate level disinfectant |
|
|
Term
Borad spectrum
Rapid lethal action
Not affected by physical factors
non toxic. non allergenic
residual effect
compatible
economical
easy to use
odorless |
|
Definition
| Ideal disinfectant criteria (no single product meets all of these!) |
|
|
Term
inactivates bacterial spores and all forms of bacteria, fingi and viruses
contact time determines disinfection or sterilization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inactivates all forms of microorganisms except spores, but DOES kill TB |
|
Definition
| intermediate disinfectants |
|
|
Term
| inactivates vegetative bacteria and some viruses but NOT TB or spores |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high resistance (only killed by sterilization) |
|
|
Term
| vegetative bacteria, fungi and enveloped viruses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mycobacterium, non enveloped viruses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
high level disinfectant/sterilant
use: submersion
Advantages:
most potent germicide
EPA registered sterilant
kill time 10 hrs
active in presence of organic matter
prolonged activated life
useful for heat liable materials |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
prolonged interval required for use as sterilant
items must be rinsed with STERILE water
Not good for surfaces (environmental)
corrosive to some metals
highly toxic |
|
Definition
| disadvantages of Glutaraldehydes |
|
|
Term
only for heat sensitive critical and semi critical devices
powerful, toxic chemicals
rinse safety concerns
heat tolerant or disposable alternatives are available |
|
Definition
| Liquid Chemical sterilant/ disinfectant |
|
|
Term
EPA intermediate
broad spectrum
5-10 min
few adverse tissue reactions
residual effects
dilution and contact time CRITICAL
daily prep necessary
may discolor
inactivated by hard water |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| first introduced by Dr Lister 1850 |
|
Definition
| complex synthetic phenols (carbolic acid) |
|
|
Term
EPA intermediate
broad spectrum
rapid tuberculocidal (1-5 min)
useful on metal, glass, rubber, plastic
NOT sporicidal
difficult to rinse
film accumulation
irritating
can etch glass or degrade plastic |
|
Definition
| Complex synthetic phenols |
|
|
Term
intermediate EPA
new generation tuberculocidal
broad spectrum
rapid evaporation |
|
Definition
| Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (alcohol dual) |
|
|
Term
unstable
mixed daily
EPA intermediate
no toxic residue
unaffected by water harness
corrosive to metals
damaging to fabrics
degrades plastics and rubbers |
|
Definition
| Hypochlorite Compounds (Clorox) |
|
|
Term
rapid bactericidal
tuberculocidal and virucidal
not very irritating
economical
NOT sporicidal
rapid evaporation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is alcohol recommended as a surface disinfectant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
EPA intermediate and high
broad spectrum
no odor or irritation
biodegradable
comprise certain types of metals
can damace ocular tissue
few long term studies |
|
Definition
| Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide |
|
|
Term
| All sterilization packaging must include _____________. |
|
Definition
| an internal indicator. if it is not visible then an external indicator must also be used |
|
|
Term
| ______________ indicate that sterility has been achieved |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| he chain of infection comprises ______________ elements |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Host susceptibility depends on ____________. |
|
Definition
| overall health and vaccination status |
|
|
Term
All employees in dental offices must be offered ______________
vaccinations by the employer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hand hygiene is _____________. |
|
Definition
the single most important factor in preventing disease transmission
and is performed with the objective of removing transient flora that can be transmitted from one person to another or to an inanimate object. |
|
|
Term
Keeping fingernails (or artificial nails) short and smooth
_________. |
|
Definition
| reduces risk of glove puncture |
|
|
Term
Compliance with hand hygiene can be improved
by ___________. |
|
Definition
| using soap containing emollient, avoiding hand hygiene products with ingredients that a user might be allergic to, selecting products that feel and smell pleasent |
|
|
Term
| he use of barrier protection for disinfection _____________. |
|
Definition
| may better protects areas that are more difficult to access, saves time, and reduces need for cleaning and disinfecting with chemicals |
|
|
Term
he Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends
the use of single-use, disposable patient care items when
possible to reduce the risk of _______________. |
|
Definition
cross-contamination and
disease transmission |
|
|
Term
| Sharps disposal chairside reduces the risk of _____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
SHA is charged with protecting the health and safety of
______________ in the United States. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Waste contact and noncontact amalgam must be _____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
____________ can be placed in presoaks and ultrasonic cleaners
or washers/disinfectors for cleaning prior to packaging and
sterilization |
|
Definition
| closed perforated cassettes |
|
|
Term
| Enzymatic solutions/foams begin dissolving _____________. |
|
Definition
| organic tissues (blood,protein, carbohydrates, fat) and help breakdown bio-burden |
|
|
Term
| (n) _____________ must be used on clinical contact surfaces |
|
Definition
| EPA registered, hospital grade disinfectant |
|
|
Term
A one-step process combining cleaning and disinfecting
of clinical contact surfaces may be used if _____________. |
|
Definition
1) there
is no heavy soiling of the surface and 2) the chemical used
contains both a disinfectant and a detergent. |
|
|
Term
f using impregnated wipes to clean and disinfect clinical
contact surfaces, check that the wipes contain sufficient
liquid to _____________. |
|
Definition
| cover the surface, remain wet for the required TB kill time |
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