Term
|
Definition
| From LA to RA (b/c RV is more compliant during diastole than LV) |
|
|
Term
| Location of inlet septal defect? |
|
Definition
| Close to tricuspid valve (inlet into RV) |
|
|
Term
| Muscles of ventricular septum? |
|
Definition
| Moderator band --> up into septal band --> forms a Y near the outlet |
|
|
Term
| Location of perimembranous VSD? |
|
Definition
| Anywhere w/in the "Y" of the septal band (just under tricuspid and aortic valves) |
|
|
Term
| What can spontanteously close a perimembranous VSD? |
|
Definition
| leaflet from tricuspid valve |
|
|
Term
| What are the most posteriorly located types of VSD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Location of supracristal VSD? |
|
Definition
| Outlet of LV (just under aortic and pulmonary valve) --> can cause aortic regurg |
|
|
Term
| Flow of blood in VSD and areas of hypertrophy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do large VSDs typically present and why? |
|
Definition
4-6 weeks
Age at which pulmonary vascular resistance is lowest |
|
|
Term
| Which chambers hypertrophy in PDA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common type of non-cyanotic CHD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the MC type of cyanotic CHD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Genetic syndrome associated w/ Tetralogy of Fallot? |
|
Definition
| DiGeorge or 22 q 11 deletion |
|
|
Term
| Degree of cyanosis is ToF depends mostly on what? |
|
Definition
| Degree of pulmonary stenosis |
|
|
Term
| Which type of CHD is associated w/ "boot-shaped" heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Direction of flow through VSD of ToF? |
|
Definition
| RV to LV (due to pulmonary stenosis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Pulmonary stenosis
2) VSD
3) RVH
4) Overriding aorta |
|
|
Term
| Tx for transposition of great vessels? |
|
Definition
Balloon septostomy (introduces ASD)
Prostaglandin to maintain PDA |
|
|
Term
| What is the biggest concern during arterial switch surgery for transposition of great vessels? |
|
Definition
| Coronary arteries come off aorta & need to be switched --> concern that they may become stenosed |
|
|
Term
| What type of CHD is most commonly associated w/ the following: Noonan syndrome, Williams, and Congenital rubella, and Alagille syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is baby blue with pulmonary stenosis? |
|
Definition
| PFO: shunting of blood from RA to LA |
|
|
Term
| Tx for pulmonary stenosis? |
|
Definition
PGE to maintain PDA
Balloon valvuloplasty |
|
|
Term
| Hypothesized mechanism of coarctation of aorta? |
|
Definition
| Tissue from DA constricts aorta as it closes off the DA |
|
|
Term
| Common location of coarctation of aorta? |
|
Definition
| Isthmus (just distal to branch-off of L subclavian artery) |
|
|
Term
| PE presentation in coarctation? |
|
Definition
Early- CHF and shock
Later- upper extremity HTN and decreased femoral pulse |
|
|
Term
| Classic CXR finding in coarctation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PGE to maintain PDA
Surgical: end-to-end anastomosis, arch augmentation |
|
|
Term
| Which type of CHD requires exercise restriction? |
|
Definition
| Aortic valve stenosis- risk of ascending aorta dilation & aneurysm |
|
|
Term
| Tx for left-sided heart syndrome? |
|
Definition
PGE
3 surgeries:
1) Norwood
2) bidirectional Glenn
3) Fontan |
|
|
Term
| What is the norwood procedure? |
|
Definition
| Pulmonary artery becomes aorta, patent foramen ovale, shunt from aorta to pulmonary arteries (single atrium, single ventricle --> mixing of blue and pink blood) |
|
|
Term
| What is the bidirectional Gleen procedure? |
|
Definition
| connect SVC directly to pulmonary arteries |
|
|
Term
| What is the Fontan procedure? |
|
Definition
| Connect IVC directly to pulmonary arteries |
|
|
Term
| What is a unique allergic contraindication for HepB vaccine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Birth
2) 1-2 mos.
3) 6-18 mos. |
|
|
Term
| Dose schedule for baby born to mom who has HepB? |
|
Definition
1) w/in 12 hrs of birth
2) 1mo.
3) 6mo. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) 2mos.
2) 4mos.
3) 6mos.
4) 15-18 mos.
5) 4-6yrs |
|
|
Term
| What is the cutoff age for DTaP? |
|
Definition
| Contraindicated over 7yrs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) 2mos.
2) 4mos.
3) 6mos.
4) 15-18mos. |
|
|
Term
| Does a 5y.o. need to catchup on HiB? |
|
Definition
| No, unless immunocompromised |
|
|
Term
| What is the youngest age cutoff for HiB? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Life-threatening rxn to which antibiotics contraindicates the polio vaccine? |
|
Definition
| Neomycin, streptomycin, polymyxin B |
|
|
Term
| Is Prevnar pneumo13 or 23? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Koplik spots are associated w/ what illness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which childhood illness is associated w/ parotitis and orchitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mom's exposure to what illness can lead to congenital rubella syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) 12-15mos.
2) 4-6yrs
Must be at least 28 days b/w doses |
|
|
Term
| Allergic rxns to what contraindicate MMR vax? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: varicella is a live vaccine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What medication class needs to be stopped at least 1mo. before varicella vax? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dosing schedule for HepA? |
|
Definition
2 doses b/w 12-24mos. (6mos. b/w doses)
At least 1mo. prior to travel to high risk area |
|
|
Term
| Which meningococcal vax is more efficacious: MCV4 or MPSV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the recommended age for MCV? |
|
Definition
| 11-12y.o. (Under 10 if immunocompromised) |
|
|
Term
| Which prior illness is a contraindication for MCV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What HPV types are prevented by the vaccine? |
|
Definition
16&18- cause cervical cancer
6&11- cause genital warts |
|
|
Term
| Which vax can cause syncope? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which rotavirus vax should be avoided in latex allergy: rotatech or rotarix? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the youngest age for flu vax? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What special dosing is required for patients <9y.o. receiving their first flu vax? |
|
Definition
| 2 doses 4 wks apart- 1st to prime immune system, 2nd to protect immunity |
|
|
Term
| How much does body weight increase in the first year of life? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much does length increase in the first year of life? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much does head circumference increase in the first year of life? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much does brain weight increase in the first year of life? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much does BMR increase in the first year of life? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is considered normal weight loss after birth for baby? |
|
Definition
| 5-10% (fluid loss) in first 4 days |
|
|
Term
| By what day post-birth should baby return to birth weight? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much weight above birth weight should baby gain in first month? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do fontanelles close? |
|
Definition
Anterior- 12 to 18mos.
Posterior- end of 1st mo. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should first dental exam be performed? |
|
Definition
| W/in 6 mos. of eruption of first tooth, no later than 12 mos. old |
|
|
Term
| When can children start using fluoride toothpaste? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| @ what age can baby turn from side to back? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| @ what age can baby hold head erect? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| @ what age can baby open & close hands loosely? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the official and unofficial names of the disease that presents with a "slapped-cheek" appearance? |
|
Definition
Official: erythema infectiosum
Unofficial: 5th disease |
|
|
Term
| What organism causes erythema infectiosum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does APGAR stand for? |
|
Definition
Activity (muscle tone)
Pulse
Grimace
Appearance (skin color)
Respirations (crying) |
|
|
Term
| What childhood disease is associated w/ fever lasting several days with rash and what organism causes it? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease state in children is associated w/ palpable "olive-shaped" mass in abdomen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pathyphys of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease? |
|
Definition
| Femoral head osteonecrosis |
|
|
Term
| How much does baby's weight change by 1st year? |
|
Definition
|
|
