Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Clin Med III
Ped Dermatology
58
Medical
Graduate
08/10/2010

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Inflammatory papule/pustule on face

affects 20% of newbors

occurs mostly:  2-4 wks

Benign, will resolve on its own

Presumed d/t hormonal withdrawal

??

Definition
Acne Neonatorum
Term

Epidermal cyst filled with keratin

tiny 1-2 mm white papules on face,nose

occurs 40% of newborn

if seen in mouth Epstein Pearls (85% occurance)

 

??

Definition
Milia
Term

Flat, Blue-black Macule over lumbosacral area

Fades to yellow green

 90% seen:  Native Americans, AA, Asians

No tx, fades as child ages

mistaken for child abuse

???

Definition
Mongolian spots
Term

Benign tumor of capillary endothelial cells

Usually not seen at birth, dev 2-4 wks later

 

Immediate tx if: occular obstruction, airway obstruction, cardiac decompensation

 

Regress as age, 90% by age 9

Red, Rubbery Nodule

Stork bite, Kiss

??

Definition
Hemangioma
Term
Tx for Henagioma??
Definition

Prednisone dose:  2-3 mg/kg for 6-12 wks

 

Interferon tx if not responding or involved respiratory or life threatening

**significant side effects

Term

Associated with eosinophilia in blood

disappears by day 7 of life

onset 24-48 hrs of age

few-100

 

Splotchy, erythematous macules on face, trunk, extremities

Not toxic

??

Definition
Erythema toxicum
Term

Greasy, yellowish scale

without tx, spontaneously resolves in 8-12 months

 

??

Definition

Seborrhea=Cradle Cap

 

in infants, mostly found in scalp

Term
Tx for Seborrhea??
Definition

LESS in BETTER

 

LOW potency hydrocortisone or steroid cream

 

DO NOT USE: KERATOLYTIC shampoo -Nizoral

makes scaling & flaking worse

Term

Scrape will bleed

Whitish plaque on erthematous base

Present on buccal mucosa

 

Cause:  Candida albicans

???

Definition
Thrush
Term
Tx for Thrush
Definition

Nystatin suspension 3-4x daily

 

Flucanazole-Diflucan 6mg/kg Day 1

Then 3 mg/kg for 2 wks

 

Breast feeders:  Tx mom's nipple also

Term

Acne occurance for:

 

neonatal?

 

adolescents?

Definition

 

neonatal:  2-4 wks of age & resolves 4-6 months of age

 

 

adolescents:  can begin as early as 8-10 yrs

Term

Cystic acne, deeper lesions or nodules may develop

 

large cysts may connect & form sinus tracts

 

Self esteem may be affected

Definition
Acne vulgaris
Term

Obstuction of follicular mouth

 

Wide opening develops that is filled with a plug of stratum corneum cells

 

oxidized melanin causes black appearance

 

 

Definition
Open comedone or Blackhead
Term

Obstruction of sebaceous follicle beneath the follicular opening

 

Produces cystic swelling of follicular duct beneath the epidermis

 

??

Definition
Closed comedone or Whitehead
Term

Which type of acne vulgaris is thought to be a precursor of inflammatory acne lesions

red papules, pustules, nodule, cysts?

Definition

Closed comedone / Whitehead

 

not open comedone/blackhead

Term
Tx for acne vulgaris??
Definition

Medicine of Choice:  Benzoyl Peroxide

 

Oral ABX: Clindamyacin

Topical ABX:  Retin A (nite) & Adalapene (differin)

 

Oral contraceptives for females

 

When all fails:  Isotretinoin (Accutane)

Term
How does Isotretinoin (Accutane)  work?
Definition

Freezes secretions

Kills comedone plug

Blocks bacteria

Term

Overgrowth of Staph & Strep

Yellow honey+Crusty+Blood

 

occurs in warm climates

 

begins as small vesicles that are easily ruptured

 

exposed areas are common sites:  face, extremeties

Definition
Impetigo
Term
Tx of Impetigo??
Definition

Topical MUPIROCIN-Bactroban  TID 1st Line

 

System:  ABX 2nd generation

Cephalexin-Keflex

Cefadroxil-Duricef for immunocompromised

 

Proper hand washing

Term

Grouped vesicles on erythematous base

 

Tingling & pain 85% only with reoccurance

 

Incubation 2-12 days

 

Tzanck smear:+ Epidermal multinucleated giant cells

Definition
Herpes Simplex Virus
Term
What are the types of HSV Type I?
Definition

Primary HSV

Recurrent HSV

Term
Most common sites of herpes simplex virus?
Definition

Eyes

Cheeks

Lips

Chin

 

*groups/clusters of vesicle on red base

Term

Swollen, painful, erythematous lesion with deep rooted vesicles on distal phalanx

 

Considered pyoderma or cellulitis

 

Definition

Herpetic Whitlow

 

Thumb suckers

Term
Tx for Herpetic Whitlow?
Definition

Acyclovir-Zovirax

oral:  20 mg/kg 4x a day

topical:  5-6x a day

 

Penciclovir-Denavir

topical:  every 2 hrs

 

Avoid precipitating factors

in sunlight wil break out

Term

Benign viral induced tumor

 

Fleshy, pearly white, white yellow smooth plaque with central umbilication

 

incubation 7-10 weeks

??

Definition

Molluscum Contagiosum

 

Cause by pox virus that induces epidermal cell proliferation

 

1-15 mm diameter in grps with little depressions/ doughnuts=Hallmark

 

Contagious

Term

Where is this type of Molluscum Contagiosum found?

 

Type I

 

Type II

Definition

Type I:  face, neck, extremities

 

Type II:  Genital lesions

Term
Tx Molluscum Contagiosum?
Definition

Remove papule is curative

 

Infants & small children:  drop cantharidin or trichloroacetic acid

 

25% applied with wooden stick to central umbilication & then neutralized w/ alcohol is less traumatic

 

Cryotherapy effective but can cause pain

Term

Occurs in warm climate months

Bacteria

Initial insult, then Staph & Strep

 

Yellow honey+Crusty+Blood

 

??

Definition
Impetigo
Term

Erosions, covered by moist, honey-colored crust

 

Begins as small vesicles that easily erupt

 

Seen on exposed areas:  Face & Extemities

 

May occur in diaper area of infants

Definition
Impetigo
Term
Verrucaue?
Definition
Warts
Term

Benign viral tumor that causes prolifertion of epidermal cells

 

Cause:  HPV

Definition
Verrucae=WARTS
Term
4 types of Verrucae?
Definition

Common wart

Flat wart

Plantar wart

Veneral wart

Term

Can be found anywhere

 

Solitary papule with irregular scaly surface

Definition
Verrucavulgaris-Common Wart
Term

Multiple

Flat-topped

Broad skin colored

Papule

Usually in groups

 

Affinity for face & extremeties

 

Definition
Verrucaplana-FLAT WART
Term

Weight bearing areas of feet

 

Papule is pushed into the skin

Definition
Verrucaplantaris-PLANTAR WART
Term

Multiple, Confluent Papules with irregular surface

 

Appears genital mucosa & or adjacent skin

Definition
Condylomaacuminata- VENEREAL WART
Term

Well demarcated LESION with central clearing, scaling, may be erythema

 

Alopecia common complaint & may have broken hairs

 

Kerion present

Definition

Tinea Capitis

 

FUNGAL INFECTIONS

Term
Kerion?
Definition
BOGGY nodule with pustules
Term
Tx Tinea Capitis
Definition

ORAL GRISEOFULVIN

10-20 mg/kg 6wks-6 months

 

Also Terbinafine & Itraconazole

 

Adjunct: Nizoral-Ketoconazole, Selsun Blue shampoo

Term
To increase absorption of Griseofulvin, what do you instruct your pt?
Definition

Take medication with whole milk or ice cream

 

Griseofluvin gets enhanced absorption in the GI tract with a fatty meal

Term

Well demarcated LESION with papular border & central clearing, may be scaling, erythema, RED RAISED BORDER

 

Contagious, self contamination

Definition
Tinea Corporis-RING WORM
Term
It is scaped, placed into KOH solution, & looking for budding yeast hyphae
Definition
Tinea Corporis-RING WORM
Term
Tx for Tinea Corporis
Definition

Same for Tinea Cruris

 

Topical antifungals 90% effective

 

Oxiconazole

Clotrimazole

Econazole

Ketoconazole

creams applied 1-2x daily 2-4 wks

 

Non-pharm: cotton fabrics, frequent airing, no under

at nite

Term

Well defined border PLAQUES in groin with wide spread erythema

 

Intensely pruritic, beefy red, pt feels miserable

Definition
Tinea Cruris-JOCK ITCH
Term
Tx for Tinea Cruris
Definition

Same as for Tinea Corporis

 

Topical antifungals

Oxiconazole

Clotrimazole

Econazole

Ketoconazole

cream appled 1-2x daily for 2-4 wks

 

Non-pharm: cotton fabrics, frequent airing, underwear during sleep

Term

Cracked, Thick, Exaggerated, Erythematous, Scaling, Superficial  (CT EESS)

 

Macerated, moist, pruitic skin between toes

 

Skin breakdowns=Superinfection

Cracks b/w digits & skin peeling away=Maceration

Definition
Tinea Pedis-Athlete's foot
Term
Tx for Tinea Pedis
Definition

Athlete's foot

 

Topical antifungal & or topical steroid combination cream-effective

 

Bethamethasaone 0.05% & Clotrimazole 1%

BID 12 wks

Term

Multiple oval MACULES with fine scales distributed on neck, chest, upper back, shoulders

 

nl overgrowth of yeast on skin, frequent asx

 

Color dependent on pt' natural color

Definition

Tinea Versicolor

 

Pityrosporumovale  "P. orbiculare"

Term

Tx for Tinea Versicolor

 

 

 

 

Definition

ONLY ANTIFUNGALS,       NO STEROIDS

 

Oxiconazole

Clotrimazole

Econazole

Ketocanazole

cream applied 1-2x daily for 2-4 wks

 

 

Selenium sulfide-Selsun Blue applied nightly for 6-8 wks

Term

Rash with satellite lesions

 

Grows best in warm, moist areas

 

Will often follow antibiotic use

 

Infants-males greater

Children/Adolescents-girls greater

Definition
Candida Albicans
Term

Beefy, red papules or plaques

located in skin folds of infants with satellite lesions

Definition
Candida Albicans
Term
Tx & Labs  for Candida Albicans
Definition

KOH preparation-Budding yeast hyphae

 

tx:  topical antifungal applied 3-5 days

 

Educate caregiver:

Frequent diaper changes

Hygiene

"Air out" between changes

 

Term

GABHS

Sandpaper rash 24-48 hrs of exposure

children 2-10 yrs

Definition

Scarlatina-Scarlet Fever

 

2nd DZ

Term

Fine macules & papules

Begining of Neck

Spreading down the Trunk to Extremities

 

numerous 1-2 mm papular elevation-sandpaper feel

Fever subsides

previous upper reddened area now desquamates

 

NO palms or sole involvement

Definition

Scarlatina-Scarlet diseas

 

2nd dz.

Term
Tx for Scarlatina
Definition

TOC:  Amoxicillin 40-5- mg/kg/day

Penicillin, Ampicllin

 

PCN allergy: Erythromycin

 

TMP/SMX, some fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines

unreliable for tx GABHS

Term

Highly contagious RNA virus of Paramyxovirus

 

Tranmission: direct/indirect transfer of nasopharyngeal secretions

 

contagious 5 days after exposure till 4-5 days after rash disappears

Definition
Measles=Rubeola
Term

Maculopapular, erythematous rash starts on

forehead & face, spreads downward to neck, body, & extremities

 

Fever high 105 F

Definition
Measles=Rubeola
Term
Koplik's spots are seen in this conditon/
Definition
Measles-Rubeola
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