Term
| what are the two categories of periodontal disease? |
|
Definition
| Gingivitis and Periodontitis |
|
|
Term
| Is gingivitis reversibel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is periodontitis reversibel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a Bacterial infection confined to the gingiva? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the damaged gingival tissues reversed? |
|
Definition
| with good self-care and professional care |
|
|
Term
| what four structures are effected in periodontitis? |
|
Definition
gingiva
bone
periodontal ligament
cementum |
|
|
Term
| If there is attachment loss is it gingivitis or periodontitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is the CAL determined? |
|
Definition
| Probing depth + or - gingival margin |
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|
Term
| What is periodontitis a bacterial infection of? (4) |
|
Definition
1.bone
2.cementum
3.PDL
3.gingiva |
|
|
Term
| Is the destruction from periodontitis reversible? |
|
Definition
| no, the destruction is irreversible |
|
|
Term
| If there is inflammation but no loss of attachment what does the patient likely have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If there is inflammation AND loss of attachment what does the patient likely have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What color is tissue with gingivitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the tissue and pocket depths like in gingivitis? |
|
Definition
| swollen, rounded margins, pocket depths >3 mm because of edema |
|
|
Term
| What happens when you probe tissue with gingivitis? |
|
Definition
| bleeding upon gentle probing |
|
|
Term
| Is there apical migration of the JE in gingivitis? |
|
Definition
| no, there is no bone loss in gingivitis |
|
|
Term
| What color is tissue in periodontitis? |
|
Definition
| purple, red, or pale pink |
|
|
Term
| What is the tissue like in periodontitis? What about the papilla? |
|
Definition
-swollen, fibrotic
-papilla do not fill embrasure spaces |
|
|
Term
| What happens when probing tissue with periodontitis? |
|
Definition
| bleeding upon gentle probing, possible exudate |
|
|
Term
| What are the probe depths in periodontitis? |
|
Definition
| >4 mm because of apical migration of JE, bone loss present |
|
|
Term
| When did the new classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| American Academy of Periodontology |
|
|
Term
| How many gingival disease and periodontitis categories were formed by the AAP? |
|
Definition
-1 category for gingival diseases
-7 categories for periodontitis |
|
|
Term
| When was the system before the new one created? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of the old terms still sometimes used today in publications before 1999 is "early onset periodontitis", what is the new term for this? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of gingival diseases? |
|
Definition
1.dental plaque-induced gingival diseases
2.non-plaque induced gingival disesses |
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|
Term
| Chronic periodontitis is a new term, what is the old term that relates to this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aggresive periodontitis is a new term, what is the old term for this? |
|
Definition
| early-onset periodontitis |
|
|
Term
| What is the old term for necrotizing periodontal disease? |
|
Definition
| necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis |
|
|
Term
| What does the old term refractory periodontitis, that is no longer used, mean? |
|
Definition
| all types of perio that does not respond to treatment |
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|
Term
| What is plaque-induced gingivitis caused by |
|
Definition
| solely by dental plaque biofilm, with or without local contributing factors |
|
|
Term
| What can plaque-induced gingivitis be modified by? |
|
Definition
| systemic factors associated with endocrine system(pregnancy, hormones, puberty, diabetes) and blood disorders (leukemia) |
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|
Term
| What else is plaque induced gingivitis modified by? (2) |
|
Definition
1.medications
2.malnutrition |
|
|
Term
| What does it mean if something "modifies" a disease? |
|
Definition
| it contributes to it but is not the main cause |
|
|
Term
| What are some medications associated with gingival enlargement? (3) |
|
Definition
1.phenytoin
2.cyclosporine
3.calcium channel blockers |
|
|
Term
| Does gingivitis always progress to periodontitis? |
|
Definition
| no, it may persist for years without progressing to periodontitis |
|
|
Term
| What are non-plaque induced gingival lesions caused by? |
|
Definition
| specific bacterial origin |
|
|
Term
| What are three bacterias that can cause nonplaque induced gingivitis? |
|
Definition
1.nesseria gonorrhea
2.treonema pallidum (syphilis)
3.streptococcal speecies |
|
|
Term
| What so Streptococcal mutans greatly contribute to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are Streptococcal mitis mainly found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are S. Salivarius mostly found? |
|
Definition
| on the dorsal side of the tongue |
|
|
Term
| What are some non-plaque induced gingival lesions caused by viral infections? |
|
Definition
-primary herpatic gingivostomatitis
-recurrent oral herpes
-varicella zoster infections |
|
|
Term
| What are some fungal infections that cause non plaque induced gingival lesions? |
|
Definition
-candida species
-linear gingival erythema
-histoplasmosis |
|
|
Term
| What are some other things that may cause nonplaque induced gingival lesions? |
|
Definition
-genetic origin
-systemically related |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of systemic mucocutaneous disorders? |
|
Definition
-lichen planus
-pemphigold
-pemphigus vulgaris
-erythema multiforme
-lupus etythematosis
-drug induced |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of some things that can cause allergic reactions? |
|
Definition
-dental materials
-toothpastes
-mouthrinses
-foods
-additives
-dyes
-etc |
|
|
Term
| What are some types of injuries that can cause non-plaque induced lesions? (3) |
|
Definition
-chemical injury
-physical injury
-thermal injury |
|
|
Term
| Which category of periodontitis is the most common one? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary etiology of chronic periodontitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in chronic periodontitis? |
|
Definition
-apical migration of JE
-slow progression pattern with periods of no progression or rapid progression |
|
|
Term
| What may chronic periodontitis be modified with? |
|
Definition
| systemic factors like getting diabetes under control, stress, HIV infection |
|
|
Term
| What can predispose you to getting chronic periodontitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is chronic periodontitis only found in permanent dentition? |
|
Definition
| no, it can be found in primary or permanent |
|
|
Term
| What are some bacteria found at periodontitis site? |
|
Definition
1.porphyromonas gingivalis
2.tannerella forsythensis |
|
|
Term
| Which type of bacteria is known as "Mr. Perio" ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is chronic periodontitis classified by? |
|
Definition
| as to extent and severity |
|
|
Term
| How much is localized? Generalized? |
|
Definition
Localized- <30%
Generalized- >30% |
|
|
Term
| What is the CAL and % bone loss on radiographs for slight, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis? |
|
Definition
Slight- CAL= 1-2 mm, <20% bone loss
Moderate- CAL= 3-4 mm, 20-50%
Severe- CAL= 5+ mm, >50% bone loss |
|
|
Term
| What is aggresive periodontitis? |
|
Definition
-highly destructive
-bacterial infection
-characterized be rapid loss of attachment |
|
|
Term
| Is aggressive or chronic periodontitis more common? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does aggressive periodontitis have a predictable response to thearpy? Do people with this have bad hygigne? |
|
Definition
| no it has an unpredictable response to thearpy, and it is seen in people with otherwise clinically healthy mouths |
|
|
Term
| Can aggressive perio only occur in permanent dentition? How quickly foes it progress? |
|
Definition
| no it an occur in permanent and primary dentition, and it progresses rapidly |
|
|
Term
| Tissue destruction is consistent/inconsistent with presence of local contributing factors. |
|
Definition
| inconsistent, there are relatively small amounts of bacterial plaque present |
|
|
Term
| What can aggressive perio be modified by or associated with? (2) |
|
Definition
-immune deficiencies
-other genetic factors |
|
|
Term
| What are the two bacterias associated with aggressive periodontitis? |
|
Definition
-Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans
-Prevotella intermedia |
|
|
Term
| What is a feature specific for localized aggressive periodontitis? When does this occur? |
|
Definition
localized destructive sites(first molar/incisors with interproximal attachment loss on at least 2 permanent teeth)
-occurs around puberty |
|
|
Term
| What does it mean when periodontitis is considered a manifestation of systemic disease? |
|
Definition
| this is when the systemic condition is the major predisposing factor and the bacterial infection is considered a secondary feature of the systemic disease |
|
|
Term
| When is there a severe decrease in host response with periodontitis? |
|
Definition
| when the systemic disease is the etiologic factor in the development of the disease |
|
|
Term
| What are three types of systemic diseases that can manifest periodontitis? |
|
Definition
1.blood disorders
2.genetic disorders
3.Not otherwise specified |
|
|
Term
| What is necrotizing periodontal disease? |
|
Definition
| uniquely involves tissue necrosis |
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of necrotizing periodontal disease? |
|
Definition
1.necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis(NUG)
2.necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis(NUP) |
|
|
Term
| What is necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis(NUG)? |
|
Definition
| the disease is limited to the gingival tissues |
|
|
Term
| What is necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP)? |
|
Definition
| disease includes gingival tissues and loss of attachment(bone loss) |
|
|
Term
| What is another name for nectotizing periodontal disease? |
|
Definition
| historically called "trench mouth" (found in soldiers in WWI) |
|
|
Term
| What is the range of age in which nectotizing periodontal disease usually occurs? What is the etiology? |
|
Definition
-usually affects ages 18-30
-etiology: bacteria |
|
|
Term
| What are some bacterias associated with nectotizing periodontal disease? |
|
Definition
1.Treponema denticola-spriochetes **
2.Prevotella intermedia
3.Fusobacterium
(invade connective tissue) |
|
|
Term
| What are some other etiologic factors of nectotizing periodontal disease? |
|
Definition
-stress
-immune suppression
-smoking
-malnutrition
-tissue trauma |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 symptoms of nectotizing periodontal diseases? |
|
Definition
1.papillary necrosis
2.gingival bleeding
3.severe pain |
|
|
Term
| What do periodontal abscesses arise from? What are they like? |
|
Definition
-arise from moderate of advanced periodontitis
-manifests as pus accumulating in area of tissue |
|
|
Term
| How can death of pulp result in periodontal destruction? |
|
Definition
| by spreading the pulp infection into the PDL and alveolar bone |
|
|
Term
| How can periodontitis affect the pulp? |
|
Definition
| it can affect the opening tot he pulp chamber and infect the whole dental pulp |
|
|
Term
| Can a tooth be affected by two diseases at once? |
|
Definition
| yes, a tooth can be affected by periodontal disease and pulpal disease at the same time |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of conditions that exist around teeth that predispose them to plaque induced periodontal disease? (4) |
|
Definition
1.anatomic features
2.root abnormalities
3.dental restorations/appliances
4.root fractures, cervical root resorption |
|
|
Term
| What are some muccogingival deformities? (4) |
|
Definition
1.recession
2.lack of keratinized attached gingiva
3.aberrant frenum
4.gingival excess |
|
|
Term
| What is primary occlusal trauma? |
|
Definition
| injury to the supporting structures caused by excessive occlusal force placed on tooth or teeth with HEALTHY periodontal support |
|
|
Term
| What is secondary occlusal trauma? |
|
Definition
-normal or excessive force cause injury in a periodontium with reduced bone support
-bone levels around teeth are inadequate to support normal chewing forces |
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