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Study of systematic convariation between form and meaning
1) minimal form
2)with an identifiable meaning or grammatical or structural function
3)pattern of arrangement-where it goes(prefix,affix,ect..) and on what (noun,verb, ect..) |
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| has blank space surrounding word-unreliable |
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intrasitive;no direct object
transitive: inseperable: "I'll look after him"
seperable: "turn off the tv" or "turn it off"- same meaning, multiple ways of saying it |
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has to have meaning-smallest form with meaning
ex: cat, dog, lap, nut-1 morpheme
cats,dogs,laps,nuts-2 morphemes
a whole word can be one morpheme
part of a word can be a morpheme |
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| individual sound-shape of a morpheme |
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| allomorphs of a single morpheme |
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| morphs with same meaning that are in complementary distribution |
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| smaller but packed with tons of meaning |
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| basic real word meaning-usually large |
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| stick in morpheme boundary |
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| multiple syllables-salamander, character |
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| non-syllabic (non concatenative |
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| non-concatenative morphology |
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[+voice] added to fricative segment at end of several english nouns to create verb
teeth plural
tooth singular
can't be divided by hyphen |
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| concerned with language structure at a single point in time |
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concerned with historical change involving more than one time period (usually past vs. present)
ex: disease: diachronically 2, sychronically 1 |
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| Compound Words (Polymorphemic) |
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| consists of more than one basic morpheme |
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| complex words (polymorphemic) |
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| 1 root with a sort affix or fix |
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| content words (open-class) |
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| basic real word meaning-like "roots"-easy to add |
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| function words (closed class) |
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| articles,conjunctions,modals,pronouns,prepositions,auxillary verbs-like "fixes"-hard to add new words |
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only found in one words
huckle in huckleberry, luke in lukewarm, T in T-shirt, edge in knowledge |
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