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Definition
| A person can voluntarily consent to the police to search his or her person, home, and property. Any evidence found as a result is admissible in court. |
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| A written document that can account for an item of evidence from the time it came into an agency's possession to the time it is presented in court. |
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Definition
| Evidence from which an inference may be drawn |
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Definition
| Body of a crime; essential elements |
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Term
| CRIME SCENE SEARCH PATTERNS |
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Definition
- point-to-point: following a chain of objects that are obviously evidence
- ever-widening circle: start in center and walk in an outward circle
- even-narrowing circle: opposite from above
- zone and sector: scene is subdivided into segments, different teams take different segments
- strip or grid search: strip start on one side towards the other. grid is two strip search in opp direction
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Term
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Definition
| The identification of firearms, bullets, cartridges, and shotgun shells. |
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Term
EXIGENT CIRCUMSTANCES
(emergency circumstances) |
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Definition
established probable cause that evidence is likely to be at a certain place that warrants a warrantless entry
- hot pursuit
- evidence may immediately being destroyed
- protect or preserve life
- threat to officer's safety
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Term
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Definition
| Exists when enough facts would lead a reasonable and prudent person to believe that criminial activity was or is about to be committed and that the individual to be arrested has engaged in the criminal activity. |
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Definition
| A method of contacting people in the areas of a crime scene to located potential witnesses |
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Term
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Definition
| Witness testimony as it relates to what they saw or heard |
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Definition
| invovles the choice of a particular crime to commit and the selection of a method of committing it |
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Term
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Definition
| witnesses' tendency to adopt information from other witnesses as their own or alter their recollections to fit with those of other witnesses |
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Term
| search incident to arrest |
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Definition
| the scope of this search includes the person of the arrestee, including a wallet or purse immediately associated with the arrestee, which is conducted w/out a warrant. |
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Term
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Definition
| a person may be patted down for weapons if the officer has the additional reasonable suspicion that the pat down was necessary for officer safety. such a temporary detention is not considered to be an arrest |
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Term
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Definition
| permits investigators to observe and seize evidence w/out a warrant if the officer is lawfully in a position to view an object and if the incriminating charter of the object is immediately apparent. |
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Definition
| made by a person or an object in a material softer than the item of evidence making the impression. includes tire tracks, footprints, etc |
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Term
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Definition
| evidence that occurs when different objects contact one another |
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Term
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Definition
| a request by the defense counsel to the prosecutor before trial for disclosure of the police case against his or her client |
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Term
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Definition
| provides protections against unreasonable searches and seizures by all gov't officials (search warrants) |
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Term
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Definition
| protects against compelling a person or suspect to communicate or testify to matters that may incriminate him or her. does not protect a person or suspect from being compelled to be the source of "real or physical evidence". recovery of blood, clothes, and hair are not protected |
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Term
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Definition
less than probable cause, the legal standard for arrests and warrants, but more than an "inchoate and unparticularized suspicion or 'hunch' "
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