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Definition
| severe emotional stres that immobilizes the victim's mind and body and can result in long-lasting emotional injury |
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Definition
| a person injured or killed as a direct result of a criminal act |
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Definition
| someone who experiences sympathetic pain as a result of a primary victim's suffering |
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Term
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Definition
| includes insensitivity and abuse of the primary victim by the police, prosecutors, and judges, manifested in the process of identifying, prosecuting, and punishing the offender |
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| a relative or loved one of a erson who has been killed; also, a crime victim who copes well and manages to resume a normal life |
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Definition
| injuring or killing a human being in the course of a crime; the term focuses on the victim rather than on the event |
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Definition
| occurs when a person, household, or business is victimized more than once; also called repeat victimization |
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Definition
| dedicated activities conducted to help reduce victims' suffering and facilitate their recovery so they can return to their previctimization status |
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Definition
| a direct provider of victim services who works in intimate partner violence programs, rape crisis centers, district attorneys' offices, police departments, and Child/adult Protective services; other victim advocates are assigned to a specific justice system |
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Term
| crime victim compensation |
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Definition
| programs administered at the state level to provide financial assistance to victims and their families |
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Term
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Definition
| usually administered by clinical psychologists, clinical social workers, and marriage and familly counselors to address immediate mental health concerns |
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Definition
| focuses on the victim's responses to trauma, symptomsof PTSD, anxiety disorders, depression, terminal conditions, and dysfunctional behaviors that render victims vulnerable |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological distress experienced by persons who know about a traumatic event experienced by another person and who feel the victim's pain |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when a practicioner working with a victiim experiences difficulty learning about the crime and working with the victim |
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Term
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Definition
| immediate assistance after a traumatic event |
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Term
| sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) |
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Definition
| nurse who provides 24-hour first-response medical care and crisis intervention for rape victims in hospitals and clinics |
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Term
| Adult Protective Services |
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Definition
| safeguards older people and dependent adults with disabilities who are in danger of being mistreated or neglected, are unable to protect themselves, or have no one to assist them |
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Definition
| a collaborative effort between police departments, sheriff offices, and senior groups (like AARP) to reduce crime and victimization of older aults |
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Term
| sexual assault response team (SART) |
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Definition
| made up of local police officers, victims advocates, SANE practitioners, and prosecutors, who in many states work together to determine the most effective way to work on sexual assault cases |
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Term
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Definition
| a defense holding that children under age 7 could not be criminally prosecuted because they were too young to form mens rea, or criminal intent |
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Term
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Definition
| sending children to live with relatively wealthy families who provided the child with the basic necessities of life in return for labor |
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Definition
| industrial schools that housed children who were delinquent, disobedient, or otherwise wayward |
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Term
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Definition
| women in the 1800s who lobbied for child labor regulations, laws against child abuse, and a specialized justice system that would focus on the needs of youths |
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Term
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Definition
| a legal doctrine that gives the government the authority to step in and make decisions about children, even against the wishes of the parents, when doing so is in the children's best interests |
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Term
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Definition
| criminal acts that are committed by juveniles |
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Term
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Definition
| an offense that is illegal only because the defendant is a child, such as playing truant or running away |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of arrests per 100,000 persons |
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Term
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Definition
| the justice system that attempts to address important distinctions between children and adults and differs from the adult system in many respects |
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Term
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Definition
| a mechanism to permit the transfer of some juvenile offenders to adult court |
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Definition
| a means by which a juvenile is sent by a judge to be tried in adult court |
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Term
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Definition
| a state law categorically excluding certain ages and offenses from juvenile court jurisdiction |
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Term
| direct file (prosecutorial waiver) |
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Definition
| a method that allows the prosecutor to choose whether to bring the juvenile's case to juvenile or adult court |
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Term
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Definition
| a juvenile detention center |
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Term
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Definition
| process during which an official decides whether to release the juvenile or refer the case to court or put the juvenile under some other supervision |
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Term
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Definition
| the formal document that initiates a juvenile case and lays out the specific allegations against the child; serves much the same function as a criminal complaint |
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Term
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Definition
| the probation officer who makes the initial decision about whether to proceed with a case |
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Definition
| a situation in which as long as the child obeys certain conditions and stays out of trouble, the case will not proceed any further, such as to court |
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Term
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Definition
| programs that handle juvenile cases informally, rather than through the juvenile court |
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Definition
| a court in which teenagers serve as jurors and often as judges, attorneys, and bailiffs as well |
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Term
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Definition
| custodial holding of children accused of crimes to ensure they appear in court, but also to protect them from adverse home conditions or to prevent them from committing additional offenses while their case is pending |
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Term
| risk assessment instrument |
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Definition
| a worksheet that measures the degree of risk present in a given case |
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Term
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Definition
| a hearing to determine whether the juvenile committed the action as charged |
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Term
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Definition
| the equivalent in the juvenile system of being found guilty in adult court |
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Term
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Definition
| the results or outcome for those juveniles adjudicated delinquent |
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Definition
| a juvenile record that is made inaccessible |
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Definition
| a process in which a court record is destroyed or made legally unavailable |
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Term
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Definition
| facilities that use a model of military basic training, strict discipline, rigid rules, and behavior modification to command the attention of out-of-control delinquent juveniles |
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Term
| child protective services |
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Definition
| county-level government org. in all 50 states whose trained staff investigates allegations of child abuse and neglect |
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Term
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Definition
| requires that professionals who have regular contact with a child report any reasonable suspicions of physical or sexual abuse or neglect to the proper law enforcement or protective services |
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Term
| court appointed special advocate (CASA) |
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Definition
| a volunteer selected by the courts to protect the rights and interests of child victims of abuse |
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Term
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Definition
| means that the state functioned as a "parent" for juvenile offenders |
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Term
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Definition
| agreeing to certain things llike not missing any days of school or being in the house at a certain time |
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Term
| juvenile term is adjudication |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| adult term is: plea bargaining |
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Definition
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Term
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| adult term is: sentence to incarceration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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| adult term is: hold in jail |
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Definition
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| adult term is: sentence hearing |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| adult term is: indictment |
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Definition
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| residential child-care facility |
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Definition
| adult term is: halfway house |
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Definition
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| adult term is: reduction of charges |
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Definition
| adult term is: guilty verdict |
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Term
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Definition
| adult term is: incarceration facility |
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Term
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Definition
| 18; means you can now act as an adult and do things like vote, serve on jury, etc |
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Term
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Definition
program that supports healthy development of children during the developmental years (0-3). with juveniles: what has or has not been done while raising the child in the zero to three years.
commission: something you did
omission: something you failed to do, ex: child neglect |
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Term
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Definition
| someone who represents the legal interest of the child; almost alway an attorney |
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Definition
| means "in place of parents" - teachers act as representatives for parents while child is at school |
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Term
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Definition
| only pertain to juveniles; things like running away, being incorregible, buying alcohol/cigs underage, various sexual conduct codes, etc |
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Definition
| statewide notification system that informs victims of the status of their offender within 15 minutes |
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Term
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Definition
| teaches bystanders how to act/what to do in a crime situation |
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