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Civics
chapter 18 flash cards
21
Other
10th Grade
11/27/2007

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Cards

Term

Inferior courts

Definition

The lower federal courts, beneath the Supreme Court

Term

Jurisdiction

Definition

The authority of a court to hear a case

Term

Exclusive jurisdiction

Definition

Power of the federal courts alone to hear certain cases

Term

Concurrent jurisdiction

Definition

Power shared by federal and State courts to hear certain cases

Term

Plaintiff

Definition

In civil law, the party who brings a suit or some other legal action against another (the degendant) in court

Term

Defendant

Definition

In a civil suit, the person against whom a court action is brought by the plaintiff; in a criminal case, the person charged with the crime

Term

Original jurisdiction

Definition

The power of a court to hear a case first, before and other court

Term

Apellate jurisdiction

Definition

The authority of a court to review decisions of inferior (lower) courts

Term

Criminal case

Definition

A case in which a defendant is tried for committing a crime as defined by the law

Term

Civil case

Definition

A case involving a noncriminal matter such as a contract dispute or a claim of patent infringement

Term

Docket

Definition

A court's list of cases to be heard

Term

writ of certiorari

Definition

Un'ordare per un certa hirere sta directiende un'lovvo certo sendere up gli ecuorddo in una case gavve per revosso; di la menni latino "essere certanno"

Term

Writ of certiorari

Definition

An order byu a higher court directing a lower court to send up the record in a given case for review; from the Latin meaning "to be more certain"

Term

Certificate

Definition

A method of putting a case before the Supreme Court; used when a lower court is not clear about the procedure or rule of law that should applu in a case and asks the Supreme Court to certify the answer to a specific question

Term

Majority opinion

Definition

Officially called the Opinion of the Court; announces the Court's decision in a case and sets out the reasoning upon which it is based

Term

Precedent

Definition

Court decision that stands as an example to be followed in future, similar cases

Term

Concurring opinion

Definition

Written explantion of the views of one or more judges who support a decision reached by a mojority of the court, but wish to add or emphasize a point that was not made in the makority decision 

Term

Dissenting opinion

Definition

Written explanation of the ciews of one or more judges who disagree with (dissent from) a decision reached by a majority of the court

Term

Redress

Definition

Satisfaction of a claim payment

Term

Civilian tribunal

Definition

A court operating as a part of the judicial branch, entirely separate from the military establishment

Term

Court-martial

Definition

A court composed of military personnel, for the trial of thos accused of violating military law

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